Last update: Thu Apr 12 03:37:15 MDT 2012
Top |
Symbols |
Numbers |
Math |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z
BibTeX entry
@Article{Wahbe:1993:PDB,
author = "Robert Wahbe and Steven Lucco and Susan L. Graham",
title = "Practical data breakpoints: design and
implementation",
journal = j-SIGPLAN,
volume = "28",
number = "6",
pages = "1--12",
month = jun,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SINODQ",
ISBN = "0-89791-598-4",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-89791-598-4",
ISSN = "0362-1340 (print), 1523-2867 (print), 1558-1160 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0362-1340",
bibdate = "Sun Dec 14 09:16:37 MST 2003",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/;
http://www.acm.org/pubs/contents/proceedings/pldi/155090/index.html",
URL = "http://www.acm.org:80/pubs/citations/proceedings/pldi/155090/p1-wahbe/",
abstract = "A data breakpoint associates debugging actions with
programmer-specified conditions on the memory state of
an executing program. Data breakpoints provide a means
for discovering program bugs that are tedious or
impossible to isolate using control breakpoints alone.
In practice, programmers rarely use data breakpoints,
because they are either unimplemented or prohibitively
slow in available debugging software. In this paper, we
present the design and implementation of a practical
data breakpoint facility. A data breakpoint facility
must monitor all memory updates performed by the
program being debugged. We implemented and evaluated
two complementary techniques for reducing the overhead
of monitoring memory updates. First, we checked write
instructions by inserting checking code directly into
the program being debugged. The checks use a {\em
segmented bitmap\/} data structure that minimizes
address lookup complexity. Second, we developed data
flow algorithms that eliminate checks on some classes
of write instructions but may increase the complexity
of the remaining checks. We evaluated these techniques
on the SPARC using the SPEC benchmarks. Checking each
write instruction using a segmented bitmap achieved an
average overhead of 42\%. This overhead is {\em
independent\/} of the number of breakpoints in use.
Data flow analysis eliminated an average of 79\% of the
dynamic write checks. For scientific programs such the
NAS kernels, analysis reduced write checks by a factor
of ten or more. On the SPARC these optimizations
reduced the average overhead to 25\%.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
affiliation = "Div. of Comput. Sci., California Univ., Berkeley, CA,
USA",
annote = "Published as part of the Proceedings of PLDI'93.",
classification = "C4240 (Programming and algorithm theory); C6110
(Systems analysis and programming); C6120 (File
organisation); C6150G (Diagnostic, testing, debugging
and evaluating systems)",
confdate = "23-25 June 1993",
conflocation = "Albuquerque, NM, USA",
confsponsor = "ACM",
keywords = "Address lookup complexity; Checking code;
Complementary techniques; Complexity; Data flow
algorithms; Debugging actions; design; Executing
program; languages; Memory state; Memory updates;
performance; Practical data breakpoint facility;
Programmer-specified conditions; Segmented bitmap data
structure; SPARC; SPEC benchmarks; Write instructions",
subject = "{\bf C.0} Computer Systems Organization, GENERAL,
SPARC. {\bf D.2.5} Software, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING,
Testing and Debugging, Debugging aids. {\bf D.3.4}
Software, PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES, Processors,
Optimization.",
thesaurus = "Computational complexity; Data structures; Program
debugging; Storage management; System monitoring",
}
Related entries
- achieved,
26(6)145,
27(7)68,
27(7)322,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)217,
29(11)183,
29(11)242,
30(3)23,
30(8)48,
30(8)92,
30(11)60,
33(7)27
- action,
25(5)95,
28(6)207-1,
28(6)237,
29(9)9,
29(11)208,
30(11)31
- address,
25(6)28,
25(6)322,
27(9)137,
27(9)175,
27(9)262,
28(6)112,
28(6)126,
28(7)44,
28(7)149,
28(7)187,
29(6)49,
29(6)159,
29(6)196,
29(8)94,
29(8)119,
29(11)132-1,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)219,
29(11)286,
29(11)319,
30(3)71,
30(6)186,
30(6)196,
30(6)258,
30(8)11,
30(8)39,
30(8)134,
30(8)166,
32(7)230,
32(7)252,
32(10)345-3,
33(7)75,
33(11)193
- aid,
25(6)78,
25(6)197,
25(6)223,
25(6)246,
26(6)107,
26(6)229,
26(6)317,
26(12)175,
27(7)1,
27(7)12,
27(7)22,
27(7)32,
27(9)200,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)46,
30(3)94,
30(11)20-1,
31(5)23,
31(9)116
- alone,
26(4)28,
29(6)36
- associate,
25(6)283,
25(10)237,
29(11)171
- available,
25(6)127-1,
25(6)174,
25(6)209,
27(7)200,
27(7)249,
28(3)209,
28(3)343,
28(3)359,
28(3)367,
28(6)100,
28(6)300,
29(6)13,
29(6)97,
29(6)186,
29(11)183,
30(6)103,
30(6)151,
30(6)186,
30(6)218,
30(8)58,
30(8)134,
30(11)60,
30(11)134,
31(2)6,
33(7)67
- average,
27(7)106,
27(7)322,
28(6)56,
29(6)49,
29(6)266,
29(11)86,
30(3)1,
30(6)151,
30(8)144,
30(8)156
- because,
25(6)66,
25(6)174,
25(6)234,
27(7)140,
27(7)152,
27(7)300,
28(3)69,
28(3)343,
28(3)347,
28(3)365,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)156,
28(7)54-1,
29(6)13,
29(6)186,
29(6)290,
29(11)25,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)252,
29(11)274,
30(6)1,
30(6)103,
30(6)151,
30(6)218,
30(11)60
- being,
27(7)32,
27(9)274,
28(3)333,
28(7)92,
29(6)147,
29(6)186,
30(3)111,
30(3)119,
30(6)67,
30(6)205,
30(6)291,
30(8)179,
30(11)7
- benchmark,
6(4)159,
25(12)54,
25(12)85,
26(4)28,
26(4)290,
27(7)44,
27(7)94,
27(7)106,
28(6)258,
28(6)268,
28(7)102,
28(7)218,
28(7)249,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)85,
29(6)171,
29(10)341,
29(11)86,
29(11)145,
29(11)196,
29(11)208,
29(11)232,
29(11)252,
29(11)286,
30(6)1,
30(6)13,
30(6)139,
30(6)218,
30(6)270,
30(8)29,
30(8)144,
31(10)83,
32(5)109,
32(5)122,
32(5)183,
32(5)235,
32(5)346-1,
33(11)35,
33(11)58,
33(11)71,
33(11)159,
33(11)170,
33(11)218,
33(11)252,
33(11)262,
33(11)283,
34(3)68,
34(7)96
- breakpoint,
25(6)78,
27(9)200,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
29(11)110
- bug,
27(7)1,
28(6)46,
29(4)15,
31(5)23
- C.0,
28(6)197,
29(6)313,
29(11)110,
29(11)122,
29(11)196,
29(11)319,
30(3)94,
30(3)111,
31(5)137,
31(5)160,
32(5)358,
33(11)35,
33(11)46,
33(11)105,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- C4240,
27(12)20,
28(6)46,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)290,
28(7)44,
29(1)20,
29(2)39-1,
29(3)28,
29(4)23,
29(5)3,
29(6)24,
29(6)85,
29(6)97,
29(6)147,
29(6)171,
29(6)326,
29(6)337-1,
29(6)349-1,
29(7)21,
29(7)42,
29(7)51,
29(8)84,
29(8)111,
29(8)129,
29(9)9,
29(9)51,
29(10)1,
29(10)16,
29(10)153,
29(10)164,
29(10)244,
29(10)324,
29(10)355,
29(10)427,
29(10)440,
30(6)47,
30(6)301,
30(8)92
- C6110,
25(6)102,
26(1)14,
26(6)145,
26(6)219,
27(1)95,
27(6)54,
27(12)61,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)36,
28(6)46,
28(6)56,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)90,
28(6)147,
28(6)156,
28(6)197,
28(6)207-1,
28(6)227,
28(6)237,
28(6)268,
28(6)300,
29(1)20,
29(1)53,
29(2)13,
29(2)33,
29(2)44,
29(3)18,
29(3)23,
29(3)28,
29(3)33,
29(4)15,
29(4)23,
29(4)49,
29(6)1,
29(6)13,
29(6)24,
29(6)49,
29(6)61,
29(6)85,
29(6)159,
29(6)206,
29(6)290,
29(6)313,
29(9)22,
29(9)29,
29(9)44,
29(9)51,
29(9)72,
29(9)81,
29(9)91,
29(9)125,
29(10)259,
29(10)388,
30(3)1,
30(3)13,
30(3)62,
30(3)94,
30(4)13,
30(6)13,
30(6)23,
30(6)32,
30(6)47,
30(6)233,
30(6)246,
30(8)92,
30(11)41,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)125
- C6150G,
25(12)85,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)46,
28(6)177,
28(7)44,
28(12)169,
29(1)37,
29(4)15,
29(6)1,
29(6)171,
29(6)196,
29(6)242,
29(6)278,
29(6)290,
29(6)302,
29(6)313,
29(9)140,
29(10)403,
29(11)122,
29(11)232,
29(12)38,
29(12)73,
30(3)1,
30(3)50,
30(3)62,
30(3)94,
30(6)67,
30(6)79-1,
30(6)93,
30(6)218,
30(6)233,
30(6)258,
30(6)270,
30(6)291,
30(8)11,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)99,
30(11)117
- check,
25(6)78,
25(6)272,
29(8)35,
29(8)59,
29(8)74,
29(12)58,
30(6)196,
30(6)218,
30(6)270
- checked,
28(3)349,
33(3)65
- checking,
25(6)272,
25(6)272-1,
26(11)113,
28(6)227,
28(10)29,
29(2)13,
29(6)290,
29(8)46,
29(8)59,
29(9)77,
29(9)105,
30(6)270,
30(11)70,
31(6)134,
31(8)60,
31(12)80,
33(5)249,
33(5)345,
34(9)261
- complementary,
28(6)147
- complexity,
25(6)1,
25(6)127-1,
26(8)137,
27(7)82,
27(9)262,
27(12)20,
28(3)69,
28(6)156,
28(6)290,
29(4)23,
29(6)73,
29(6)107,
29(6)121,
29(6)135,
29(6)171,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(7)42,
29(10)324,
29(11)158,
30(3)62,
30(6)186,
30(6)233,
30(6)246,
30(8)19,
30(8)102,
30(8)134,
30(8)156,
30(9)25,
30(11)1,
30(11)117,
31(2)35,
31(6)134,
32(8)150,
32(8)150,
32(10)106,
32(10)106-1,
34(1)1,
34(6)84
- condition,
25(6)78,
25(6)165,
28(6)46,
29(11)25,
29(11)110
- D.2.5,
25(6)78,
25(6)223,
25(6)246,
26(6)59,
26(6)107,
26(6)317,
26(6)327,
26(6)338,
27(7)1,
27(7)12,
27(7)22,
27(7)32,
27(9)200,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)46,
28(6)56,
29(6)196,
29(6)278,
29(6)313,
31(5)23,
31(5)33,
31(5)44,
31(5)89,
31(5)249,
32(5)215,
32(5)235,
33(11)151
- debugged,
27(7)32
- developed,
25(6)137,
28(3)1,
28(3)177,
28(3)345,
28(3)355,
28(3)357,
28(6)26,
28(6)156,
28(6)237,
28(6)278,
28(7)92,
28(7)218,
28(8)90,
29(6)186,
29(8)101,
29(11)12,
29(11)196,
30(3)119,
30(6)205,
30(6)270,
30(8)166,
30(8)179,
30(11)70,
30(11)99,
33(7)43,
33(7)59
- Diagnostic,
25(12)85,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)46,
28(6)177,
28(7)44,
28(12)169,
29(1)37,
29(4)15,
29(6)1,
29(6)171,
29(6)196,
29(6)242,
29(6)278,
29(6)290,
29(6)302,
29(6)313,
29(9)140,
29(10)65,
29(10)403,
29(11)122,
29(11)232,
29(12)38,
29(12)73,
30(3)1,
30(3)50,
30(3)62,
30(3)94,
30(6)67,
30(6)79-1,
30(6)93,
30(6)218,
30(6)233,
30(6)258,
30(6)270,
30(6)291,
30(8)11,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)99,
30(11)117,
31(5)249
- directly,
25(6)223,
25(6)257,
25(6)337,
27(7)224,
27(7)311,
28(3)361,
29(6)135,
29(6)196,
29(6)242,
29(6)242-1,
29(11)2,
30(3)13,
30(3)62,
30(8)48,
33(7)19
- discovering,
28(6)68
- each,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)234,
25(6)283,
26(4)290,
27(7)1,
27(7)22,
27(7)68,
27(7)82,
27(7)188-1,
27(7)212,
27(7)273,
27(7)322,
28(2)21,
28(3)299,
28(6)26,
28(6)56,
28(6)90,
28(6)100,
28(6)126,
28(6)147,
28(8)90,
29(6)13,
29(6)85,
29(6)107,
29(6)171,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)59,
29(8)101,
29(8)119,
29(11)61,
29(11)98,
29(11)171,
29(11)286,
29(11)297,
29(11)319,
30(3)35,
30(3)62,
30(6)23,
30(6)47,
30(6)79-1,
30(6)93,
30(8)29,
30(8)80-1,
30(8)134,
30(8)189,
30(11)79,
30(11)125,
33(7)43
- either,
25(6)234,
26(4)290,
27(7)116,
28(3)149,
29(6)107,
29(6)206,
29(11)274,
30(3)1,
30(6)67,
30(6)301,
30(8)179
- eliminate,
27(7)140,
27(9)248,
28(6)207-1,
29(11)2,
29(11)232,
29(12)112,
30(6)279,
30(8)144,
30(8)179,
30(8)217,
32(8)164,
33(7)75
- eliminated,
25(6)272,
28(6)290,
29(6)147,
29(11)51
- evaluated,
26(4)28,
27(7)200,
29(6)186,
29(11)98,
30(8)48
- evaluating,
25(12)85,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)46,
28(6)177,
28(7)44,
28(12)169,
29(1)37,
29(4)15,
29(6)1,
29(6)171,
29(6)196,
29(6)242,
29(6)278,
29(6)290,
29(6)302,
29(6)313,
29(9)140,
29(10)65,
29(10)403,
29(11)122,
29(11)232,
29(12)38,
29(12)73,
30(3)1,
30(3)50,
30(3)62,
30(3)94,
30(6)23,
30(6)67,
30(6)79-1,
30(6)93,
30(6)218,
30(6)233,
30(6)258,
30(6)270,
30(6)291,
30(8)11,
30(8)189,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)99,
30(11)117,
34(11)2
- executing,
26(3)25,
27(7)44,
27(7)200,
27(7)283,
28(6)100,
29(11)25,
29(11)122,
29(11)328
- facility,
25(6)78,
26(8)101,
27(7)128,
27(9)223,
27(10)235,
28(3)299,
28(3)359,
28(3)363,
28(6)156,
29(2)39-1,
29(6)13,
29(9)91,
29(11)219,
30(2)12,
30(11)117
- factor,
25(6)53,
25(6)66,
27(7)106,
28(3)53,
28(3)97,
28(12)169,
29(6)73,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(9)81,
29(11)25,
30(3)71,
30(8)80-1,
30(8)179,
30(8)207,
30(11)99
- first,
25(5)95,
25(6)16,
25(6)209,
25(6)283,
27(6)54,
27(7)32,
27(7)128,
27(7)300,
27(12)20,
28(3)69,
28(3)133,
28(3)209,
28(3)231,
28(3)333,
28(3)363,
28(6)26,
28(6)56,
28(6)166,
28(6)217,
28(6)237,
28(7)83,
28(7)102,
28(7)187,
29(2)44,
29(6)1,
29(6)73,
29(6)278,
29(6)290,
29(8)101,
29(10)324,
29(11)171,
29(11)208,
29(11)252,
29(11)286,
29(11)297,
30(3)83,
30(6)233,
30(8)112,
30(8)134,
30(8)166,
30(10)265,
30(11)50,
33(1)48,
33(7)51
- GENERAL,
28(6)197,
29(6)313,
29(11)110,
29(11)122,
29(11)196,
29(11)319,
30(3)94,
30(3)111,
31(5)137,
31(5)160,
32(5)358,
33(11)35,
33(11)46,
33(11)105,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- Graham, Susan L.,
28(6)100,
29(6)85,
32(5)31,
33(7)19
- implemented,
25(1)59,
25(6)16,
25(6)78,
26(6)145,
26(6)219,
27(1)95,
27(7)44,
27(7)82,
27(7)106,
27(7)140,
27(7)152,
27(7)212,
27(7)235,
27(7)322,
27(9)274,
27(10)127,
28(3)1,
28(3)133,
28(3)357,
28(6)26,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)217,
28(6)237,
28(6)258,
28(7)13,
28(7)54-1,
28(7)112,
28(7)179,
28(12)169,
29(6)36,
29(6)107,
29(6)135,
29(6)186,
29(6)196,
29(6)290,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)74,
29(8)94,
29(10)373,
29(11)2,
29(11)132-1,
29(11)252,
30(6)1,
30(6)67,
30(6)103,
30(6)116,
30(6)139,
30(6)270,
30(8)11,
30(8)29,
30(8)39,
30(8)48,
30(8)134,
30(8)144,
30(8)156,
30(11)41,
30(11)88,
30(11)134,
33(7)19
- impossible,
29(6)85
- increase,
25(6)9,
25(6)53,
25(6)127-1,
27(7)322,
27(9)248,
28(2)21,
28(6)177,
28(6)237,
28(7)229,
29(6)1,
29(6)159,
29(6)186,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(11)2,
29(11)98,
29(11)232,
29(11)242,
29(11)263,
29(11)319,
30(3)13,
30(6)93,
30(6)151,
30(8)179,
30(11)134,
34(10)47
- independent,
27(7)152,
28(6)78-1,
29(4)49,
29(5)17,
29(5)17-1,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(11)219,
30(3)111,
30(6)151,
30(6)246,
30(8)1,
30(11)31,
33(7)11
- inserting,
29(6)257,
29(6)257-1,
30(6)246
- isolate,
27(7)22,
27(7)311
- kernel,
25(3)99,
25(10)269,
26(11)247,
27(7)188-1,
27(9)223,
29(11)132-1,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)252,
30(8)58,
30(11)134,
31(6)134
- lookup,
27(10)110,
27(10)110-1,
29(10)1,
29(11)297,
30(6)93,
32(5)18
- Lucco, Steven,
27(7)200,
28(6)100,
31(5)127,
32(5)358,
34(5)z-1
- may,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)112,
25(6)246,
27(7)32,
27(7)44,
27(7)55,
27(7)212,
27(7)235,
27(7)273,
27(7)322,
27(12)20,
27(12)28,
28(3)361,
28(6)13,
28(7)23,
28(7)83,
29(6)1,
29(6)13,
29(6)36,
29(6)206,
29(6)266,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)46,
29(8)59,
29(11)25,
29(11)183,
30(3)1,
30(3)62,
30(6)67,
30(6)246,
30(11)50,
30(11)79,
30(11)125,
30(11)134,
33(7)27,
34(4)17
- mean,
25(6)174,
26(6)145,
27(7)1,
27(7)82,
28(3)361,
29(6)147,
29(8)46,
30(8)19,
30(8)48,
30(8)102,
30(11)31,
33(7)1,
33(7)67
- minimize,
27(7)22,
27(7)224,
27(7)322,
29(8)119
- monitor,
25(3)147,
26(6)338,
27(7)12,
28(3)1,
29(11)122,
33(7)67
- monitoring,
25(3)1,
25(8)43,
26(6)338,
26(12)36,
26(12)57,
26(12)175,
28(3)353,
29(1)37,
29(9)140,
29(10)65,
29(11)122,
29(11)274,
32(4)32,
32(4)32-1,
33(7)67,
33(10)284
- must,
25(6)137,
26(6)145,
27(7)1,
27(7)82,
27(7)273,
27(9)285,
28(3)363,
28(3)367,
28(6)90,
28(6)156,
28(7)13,
29(6)49,
29(6)278,
29(8)59,
29(11)2,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)88
- NAS,
29(11)196
- overhead,
25(6)16,
25(6)66,
25(6)174,
25(6)272,
25(6)322,
27(7)106,
27(7)116,
27(7)188-1,
27(7)200,
27(7)273,
27(9)223,
28(6)187,
28(6)207-1,
28(7)64,
28(7)83,
28(7)149,
28(7)229,
29(6)36,
29(6)290,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(9)135,
29(10)341,
29(11)38,
29(11)51,
29(11)171,
29(11)286,
30(6)93,
30(6)103,
30(6)270,
30(6)315,
30(8)144,
30(8)189,
30(8)217,
30(11)134,
31(9)174,
31(9)198,
34(7)10
- performed,
25(6)272,
27(7)1,
27(7)32,
27(7)116,
27(7)188-1,
28(3)299,
28(6)26,
28(6)68,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)207-1,
28(7)239,
29(6)49,
30(3)13,
30(6)67,
30(8)68,
30(11)20-1
- PLDI'93.,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)36,
28(6)46,
28(6)56,
28(6)68,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)90,
28(6)100,
28(6)112,
28(6)126,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)147,
28(6)156,
28(6)166,
28(6)177,
28(6)187,
28(6)197,
28(6)207-1,
28(6)217,
28(6)227,
28(6)237,
28(6)248,
28(6)258,
28(6)268,
28(6)278,
28(6)290,
28(6)300
- practical,
26(6)15,
26(11)1,
27(7)32,
27(7)273,
28(3)209,
28(3)271,
28(6)68,
28(6)227,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(9)77,
29(11)208,
30(6)116,
30(8)134,
30(8)156,
30(11)20-1,
30(12)4,
31(5)117,
32(8)136,
32(10)318,
33(3)57,
33(10)388,
33(10)388-1,
33(12)20-1,
34(2)26,
34(4)19-1,
34(6)18-1,
34(6)z-2,
34(10)292,
34(12)18-1
- practice,
25(6)174,
27(7)224,
27(12)57,
28(3)361,
28(6)90,
28(7)44,
29(6)1,
29(6)159,
29(6)230,
29(8)46,
29(12)72,
30(3)111,
30(6)23,
30(6)67,
30(6)218,
30(8)48,
30(8)102,
30(10)337,
30(11)41,
30(11)60,
33(10)45,
33(10)45-1
- programmer,
25(6)102,
25(6)283,
27(6)10,
27(7)188-1,
27(8)14,
27(9)262,
27(9)285,
28(3)177,
28(6)156,
28(6)177,
28(7)13,
28(7)33,
28(7)208,
28(7)239,
29(1)53,
29(8)1,
30(4)13,
30(6)67,
30(8)11,
30(8)29,
30(8)179,
30(8)207,
30(8)217,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)99,
30(11)108,
31(1)6,
31(1)6-1,
31(3)5,
31(3)5-1,
31(3)6,
31(3)6-1,
31(3)8,
31(3)8-1,
33(7)59,
33(7)75,
34(1)338
- rarely,
28(6)177
- reduced,
25(6)246,
26(1)85,
27(7)322,
28(3)299,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)61,
29(11)2,
29(11)110,
30(6)103,
30(8)144,
31(5)12,
34(7)1
- reducing,
26(4)15,
26(12)155,
27(9)51,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(10)341,
29(11)158,
29(11)242,
30(3)50,
30(6)93,
30(6)301,
30(8)144,
30(8)179,
30(8)207,
31(9)258,
33(7)51,
33(7)67,
33(9)84,
34(10)276
- remaining,
29(6)121,
29(6)147
- scientific,
25(6)92,
25(6)137,
27(7)152,
27(7)188-1,
28(1)24,
28(6)258,
28(7)33,
29(1)9,
29(10)191,
29(10)212,
29(11)196,
29(11)219,
29(11)252,
29(11)286,
30(6)139,
30(8)11,
30(8)48,
30(8)68,
30(8)144,
32(3)21,
34(12)13,
34(12)13-1
- second,
25(6)257,
25(6)283,
28(6)237,
28(7)83,
28(7)187,
28(9)6,
29(6)1,
29(6)73,
29(6)147,
29(8)101,
29(11)38,
29(11)86,
29(11)297,
30(6)139,
30(6)233,
30(8)166,
30(11)50,
33(4)30,
33(4)30,
33(7)51,
34(11)22
- segmented,
30(8)58,
30(8)112
- slow,
25(6)150,
27(7)106,
28(3)333,
29(11)86,
30(11)134
- SPARC,
26(4)28,
26(4)290,
27(7)22,
28(6)197,
28(7)218,
29(6)313,
30(3)119,
30(6)103,
30(6)139
- SPEC,
26(4)290,
28(6)13,
29(6)36,
29(6)49
- state,
25(5)95,
25(8)24,
26(12)76,
26(12)144,
27(7)1,
27(7)32,
27(7)152,
27(7)331,
28(6)26,
28(7)149,
28(7)187,
29(3)33,
29(6)24,
29(6)97,
29(7)21,
29(8)111,
29(10)16,
29(10)113,
29(10)259,
29(11)122,
29(11)319,
30(6)315,
30(10)17,
30(10)17-1,
30(11)31,
30(11)70,
30(11)88,
30(12)32,
32(8)227,
33(7)27,
33(10)144,
33(11)127
- tedious,
28(6)156,
28(8)90,
30(11)134
- ten,
26(6)145,
26(6)145-1,
29(11)2
- update,
27(7)273,
29(11)86,
30(7)41,
30(8)123,
34(1)39
- Wahbe, Robert,
27(9)200,
31(5)127
- write,
25(6)102,
27(6)64,
27(10)92,
28(3)1,
28(3)355,
29(6)313,
29(11)2,
29(11)86,
29(11)297,
30(6)291,
30(8)39,
30(8)68