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BibTeX entry
@Article{Thekkath:1994:EMH,
author = "Radhika Thekkath and Susan J. Eggers",
title = "The effectiveness of multiple hardware contexts",
journal = j-SIGPLAN,
volume = "29",
number = "11",
pages = "328--337",
month = nov,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "SINODQ",
ISSN = "0362-1340 (print), 1523-2867 (print), 1558-1160 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0362-1340",
bibdate = "Sun Dec 14 09:16:57 MST 2003",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/; http://www.acm.org/pubs/toc/",
URL = "http://www.acm.org:80/pubs/citations/proceedings/asplos/195473/p328-thekkath/",
abstract = "Multithreaded processors are used to tolerate long
memory latencies. By executing threads loaded in
multiple hardware contexts, an otherwise idle processor
can keep busy, thus increasing its utilization.
However, the larger size of a multi-thread working set
can have a negative effect on cache conflict misses. In
this paper we evaluate the two phenomena together,
examining their combined effect on execution time. The
usefulness of multiple hardware contexts depends on:
program data locality, cache organization and degree of
multiprocessing. Multiple hardware contexts are most
effective on programs that have been optimized for data
locality. For these programs, execution time dropped
with increasing contexts, over widely varying
architectures. With unoptimized applications, multiple
contexts had limited value. The best performance was
seen with only two contexts, and only on uniprocessors
and small multiprocessors. The behavior of the
unoptimized applications changed more noticeably with
variations in cache associativity and cache hierarchy,
unlike the optimized programs. As a mechanism for
exploiting program parallelism, an additional processor
is clearly better than another context. However, there
were many configurations for which the addition of a
few hardware contexts brought as much or greater
performance than a larger multiprocessor with fewer
than the optimal number of contexts.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
classification = "C5320G (Semiconductor storage); C5440
(Multiprocessing systems); C6110P (Parallel
programming); C6120 (File organisation); C6150N
(Distributed systems software)",
conflocation = "San Jose, CA, USA; 4-7 Oct. 1994",
conftitle = "Sixth International Conference on Architectural
Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
(ASPLOS-VI)",
corpsource = "Dept. of Comput. Sci. and Eng., Washington Univ.,
Seattle, WA, USA",
keywords = "cache associativity; cache conflict misses; cache
hierarchy; cache organization; cache storage; data
locality; design; long; long memory latencies;
measurement; multi-thread working set; multiple
hardware contexts; multiprocessing; multiprocessing
systems; multithreaded processors; parallel
programming; performance; program data locality;
program parallelism; storage management; theory;
unoptimized applications",
sponsororg = "ACM; IEEE Comput. Soc",
subject = "{\bf C.5.3} Computer Systems Organization, COMPUTER
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, Microcomputers. {\bf C.4}
Computer Systems Organization, PERFORMANCE OF
SYSTEMS.",
treatment = "P Practical",
}
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31(9)26,
31(9)37,
31(9)116,
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32(5)308,
33(11)205,
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28(6)177,
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28(6)177,
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29(6)1,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)73,
29(6)85,
29(6)171,
29(6)206,
29(6)302,
29(8)94,
29(8)101,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)196,
29(11)219,
29(11)252,
30(3)13,
30(3)94,
30(3)119,
30(6)1,
30(6)67,
30(6)103,
30(6)291,
30(8)68,
30(8)134,
30(8)217,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)134,
33(7)19,
33(7)27
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25(6)40,
29(11)122,
29(11)308,
30(6)186,
31(9)2-1,
31(9)198
- miss,
28(6)177,
28(6)278,
28(6)300,
29(11)12,
29(11)145,
29(11)158,
29(11)274,
30(6)79-1,
30(6)151,
30(6)279,
30(8)179,
30(8)189,
33(5)38,
33(11)228
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25(4)73,
25(6)53,
25(6)165,
25(6)189,
25(6)209,
25(6)337,
26(4)290,
27(7)1,
27(7)94,
27(7)152,
27(7)300,
28(3)69,
28(3)333,
28(3)347,
28(6)36,
28(6)90,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)177,
28(6)197,
28(7)13,
28(7)54-1,
28(7)149,
28(7)208,
28(8)90,
29(6)61,
29(6)85,
29(6)107,
29(6)186,
29(8)13,
29(11)38,
29(11)51,
29(11)274,
30(3)71,
30(3)119,
30(8)179,
30(11)20-1
- much,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)150,
27(7)44,
27(7)82,
27(7)152,
27(9)248,
27(9)285,
28(3)97,
28(3)349,
28(3)351,
28(7)54-1,
28(8)90,
29(6)49,
29(6)230,
29(8)35,
29(11)2,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)308,
30(3)94,
30(6)67,
30(6)116,
30(6)205,
33(7)59
- multiprocessing,
28(7)198,
29(9)105,
29(11)12,
29(11)25,
29(11)38,
29(11)51,
29(11)61,
29(11)196,
29(11)219,
29(11)242,
29(11)274,
29(11)286,
29(11)297,
29(11)308,
29(11)319,
29(12)87,
30(6)196,
30(6)205,
30(6)258,
30(8)166,
30(8)199
- multithreaded,
30(8)207,
32(7)124,
32(7)124,
33(5)212,
34(5)77
- negative,
25(6)85-1
- only,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)234,
25(6)283,
27(7)22,
27(7)32,
27(7)82,
27(7)212,
27(7)322,
28(3)69,
28(6)147,
28(6)156,
28(6)197,
28(7)13,
28(7)44,
28(7)83,
28(7)229,
28(12)169,
29(6)1,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)147,
29(6)196,
29(6)278,
29(6)302,
29(8)1,
29(11)12,
29(11)171,
29(11)252,
29(11)274,
29(11)308,
29(11)319,
30(3)23,
30(3)62,
30(6)13,
30(6)23,
30(6)47,
30(6)93,
30(6)139,
30(6)246,
30(8)92,
30(8)112,
30(8)179,
30(11)99,
30(11)125,
33(3)65,
33(7)59,
34(9)8,
34(9)8-1,
34(9)8-2,
34(11)1,
34(11)83
- optimal,
25(6)85-1,
26(4)28,
26(6)256,
26(6)256-1,
26(7)1,
27(4)68,
27(7)200,
27(7)224,
27(9)149,
28(1)68,
28(6)248,
28(7)64,
28(7)64-1,
28(12)1,
29(6)147,
29(6)313,
30(3)71,
30(6)32,
30(6)186,
30(6)246,
30(8)80-1,
30(8)134,
30(8)207,
31(5)1,
32(5)194,
32(8)188,
33(11)218
- optimized,
27(7)1,
27(7)32,
27(7)224,
27(7)273,
28(4)39,
29(6)278,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(11)86,
29(11)274,
30(6)205,
30(6)315,
30(8)217,
31(5)33,
33(7)19,
34(5)181
- PERFORMANCE,
27(9)76,
27(9)111,
27(9)124,
27(9)137,
27(9)162,
27(9)175,
27(9)187,
27(9)248,
27(9)262,
27(9)274,
29(6)186,
29(11)51,
29(11)61,
29(11)98,
29(11)110,
29(11)122,
29(11)183,
29(11)219,
29(11)232,
29(11)242,
29(11)252,
29(11)274,
29(11)308,
29(11)319,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)31,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
31(9)2-1,
31(9)138,
31(9)160,
31(9)258,
31(9)268,
33(11)71,
33(11)92,
33(11)105,
33(11)115,
33(11)170,
33(11)181,
33(11)193,
33(11)205,
33(11)218,
33(11)228,
33(11)240,
33(11)272,
33(11)283,
33(11)295
- seen,
29(6)230
- Semiconductor,
29(11)86,
29(11)145,
29(11)158,
29(11)171,
29(11)183,
29(11)219,
29(11)274,
29(11)297
- size,
25(6)246,
25(6)272,
25(6)311,
25(12)85,
26(6)130,
27(7)22,
27(7)200,
27(7)273,
27(7)322,
28(3)359,
28(6)237,
28(7)13,
28(7)44,
28(7)208,
29(6)49,
29(6)97,
29(6)107,
29(6)290,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(11)98,
29(11)158,
29(11)171,
29(11)232,
30(3)94,
30(6)32,
30(6)56,
30(6)186,
30(6)279,
30(8)39,
30(11)88
- small,
17(9)18,
25(5)124,
25(6)66,
25(6)174,
27(7)1,
27(7)212,
27(7)273,
27(7)322,
27(7)331,
27(9)285,
27(12)61,
28(3)231,
28(3)357,
28(6)126,
28(6)217,
28(7)119,
28(7)208,
28(7)229,
28(8)53,
28(8)90,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)94,
29(11)2,
29(11)76-1,
29(11)86,
29(11)242,
29(11)252,
29(11)274,
30(3)111,
30(3)119,
30(8)217,
32(10)125
- SYSTEM,
25(6)40,
27(7)341,
29(6)36,
29(6)73,
29(11)308,
31(9)2-1,
31(9)26,
31(9)37,
31(9)198,
33(11)205
- Thekkath, Radhika,
27(7)175
- there,
25(6)174,
25(6)296,
26(9)255,
27(7)188-1,
28(3)97,
28(3)209,
28(3)343,
28(3)347,
28(6)207-1,
28(8)90,
29(6)147,
29(11)308,
30(6)56,
30(6)186,
30(6)205,
30(6)270,
33(7)19,
33(7)35,
34(5)z,
34(5)z-1
- thread,
25(10)278,
27(7)44,
27(7)55,
27(9)223,
27(12)81,
28(7)73,
28(7)198,
28(7)239,
29(6)24,
29(7)61,
30(8)217,
31(6)42,
31(9)50,
31(9)50-1,
31(9)60,
32(10)229,
33(11)127
- thus,
25(4)73,
25(6)102,
25(6)322,
27(7)44,
27(7)82,
28(3)69,
28(3)355,
28(3)361,
28(6)197,
28(6)237,
28(6)248,
28(6)290,
28(7)179,
29(6)36,
29(8)101,
30(6)174,
30(8)19,
30(8)48,
33(7)19
- together,
23(12)728-1,
25(6)165,
28(3)363,
28(6)26,
28(7)129,
29(6)36,
29(11)274,
30(3)13,
30(3)83,
30(8)112,
30(11)60,
31(4)20,
31(4)20-1,
31(5)108
- tolerate,
30(6)151
- uniprocessor,
27(9)223,
29(11)145,
29(11)308,
30(11)7
- unlike,
25(6)311,
27(7)55,
27(7)82,
28(6)126,
28(6)156,
30(6)301,
30(8)68
- unoptimized,
27(7)1,
29(6)278
- usefulness,
30(8)156,
33(7)83
- utilization,
26(4)290,
29(11)12,
30(8)166,
30(11)60
- value,
25(1)29,
25(1)59,
25(6)189,
25(6)246,
25(6)257,
25(6)283,
25(8)80,
25(10)237,
27(7)273,
27(7)311,
28(3)359,
28(3)361,
28(3)363,
28(3)369,
28(6)13,
28(6)68,
28(6)90,
28(6)126,
28(6)227,
29(6)159,
29(6)278,
30(3)50,
30(3)62,
30(4)13,
30(6)23,
30(6)67,
30(6)174,
30(6)218,
30(6)246,
30(6)315,
31(9)138,
33(11)262
- variation,
28(3)149,
28(5)29,
28(6)278,
29(11)286,
30(6)151
- varying,
25(6)223,
28(2)14,
28(2)14-1,
29(11)98,
29(11)219
- was,
25(6)322,
26(6)145,
27(7)1,
27(7)44,
27(7)322,
27(12)20,
27(12)61,
28(3)1,
28(3)37,
28(3)53,
28(3)69,
28(3)97,
28(3)133,
28(3)201,
28(3)209,
28(3)299,
28(3)333,
28(3)345,
28(3)355,
28(3)367,
28(6)26,
28(8)90,
29(6)186,
29(6)257,
29(6)257-1,
29(8)1,
29(8)94,
29(11)61,
30(3)71,
30(4)13,
30(11)99,
33(7)35,
33(12)72,
34(2)1,
34(5)z,
34(5)z-1
- were,
25(6)78,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)311,
27(7)1,
27(7)341,
28(2)21,
28(3)69,
28(3)299,
28(3)345,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)85,
29(6)186,
29(6)302,
29(11)61,
29(11)122,
29(11)145,
29(11)252,
29(11)263,
30(3)1,
30(3)71,
30(8)68,
30(11)1,
30(11)125,
33(7)59
- widely,
28(3)1,
28(3)209,
28(3)299,
28(3)333,
29(11)145,
30(8)1,
30(8)102,
33(7)59
- working,
27(7)273,
27(8)14,
28(3)299,
29(4)49,
29(9)159,
29(11)145,
31(12)33,
34(9)126