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BibTeX entry
@Article{Bakkers:1995:AGS,
author = "Andr{\'e} Bakkers and Johan Sunter and Evert Ploeg",
title = "Automatic generation of scheduling and communication
code in real-time parallel programs",
journal = j-SIGPLAN,
volume = "30",
number = "11",
pages = "134--145",
month = nov,
year = "1995",
CODEN = "SINODQ",
ISSN = "0362-1340 (print), 1523-2867 (print), 1558-1160 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0362-1340",
bibdate = "Sun Dec 14 09:17:12 MST 2003",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/; http://www.acm.org/pubs/toc/",
URL = "http://www.acm.org:80/pubs/citations/proceedings/plan/216636/p134-bakkers/",
abstract = "Inter-process communication and scheduling are
notorious problem areas in the design of real-time
systems. Using CASE tools, the system design phase in
general results in a system description in the form of
parallel processes. Manual allocation of these
processes to processors may result in error prone
and/or slow communication code. Scheduling of the
processes, necessary to meet timing constraints, is
also a tedious task that takes many iterations. The
described design tools result in code that is
comparable in quality and performance with expert
manual realization. Many network layers have been
implemented to relieve the user from the low-level
programming of communication software. However, the
increase in user-friendliness usually results in
performance degradation. The proposed approach combines
user-friendliness with high performance by generating
communication software that is tailor-made for the
application. A similar approach is followed with the
scheduling software. Schedulers in the form of a
built-in kernel are available all the time and cause
overhead all the time. The proposed preprocessor tool
generates scheduling software after analyzing the
timing requirements of the particular application. This
results in simple code for simple timing requirements
and more complicated code for complex timing
requirements. The tools have been implemented in Occam
for use on a transputer. However, the results are valid
for any distributed memory machine.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
affiliation = "Control Lab., Twente Univ., Enschede, Netherlands",
classification = "C6110B (Software engineering techniques); C6110P
(Parallel programming); C6115 (Programming support);
C6150N (Distributed systems software)",
confname = "LCT-RTS '95. Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1995
workshop on Languages, compilers, \& tools for
real-time systems, June 21--22, 1995, La Jolla,
California",
keywords = "algorithms; Automatic communication code generation;
Automatic scheduling code generation; Built-in kernel;
CASE tools; Communication software; design; Design
tools; Distributed memory machine; Interprocess
communication; Interprocess scheduling; measurement;
Network layers; Occam; Overhead; performance;
Performance; Preprocessor tool; Real-time parallel
programs; Real-time system design; Scheduling software;
System description; theory; Timing constraints;
Transputer; User-friendliness",
subject = "{\bf F.2.2} Theory of Computation, ANALYSIS OF
ALGORITHMS AND PROBLEM COMPLEXITY, Nonnumerical
Algorithms and Problems, Sequencing and scheduling.
{\bf C.3} Computer Systems Organization,
SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS,
Real-time and embedded systems. {\bf D.4.7} Software,
OPERATING SYSTEMS, Organization and Design, Real-time
systems and embedded systems. {\bf F.1.2} Theory of
Computation, COMPUTATION BY ABSTRACT DEVICES, Modes of
Computation, Parallelism and concurrency. {\bf D.1.3}
Software, PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES, Concurrent
Programming. {\bf D.3.4} Software, PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES, Processors, Code generation. {\bf D.4.4}
Software, OPERATING SYSTEMS, Communications Management.
{\bf G.4} Mathematics of Computing, MATHEMATICAL
SOFTWARE, Algorithm design and analysis.",
thesaurus = "Automatic programming; Computer aided software
engineering; Distributed memory systems; Parallel
programming; Processor scheduling; Real-time systems;
Software tools; Timing",
}
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29(6)171,
29(6)218,
29(6)302,
30(6)32,
30(6)47,
30(6)56,
30(6)139,
30(6)186,
30(6)246,
30(6)279,
30(11)7,
30(11)60,
31(5)108,
31(5)193,
31(9)60,
32(5)194,
32(5)334,
33(5)72,
33(5)85-1,
33(5)142,
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32(5)97,
32(5)334,
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33(11)127,
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33(11)272
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25(3)11,
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29(7)61,
29(10)301,
29(11)274,
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30(11)60,
30(11)70,
31(5)54,
31(5)258,
32(5)71,
32(5)334,
33(11)46,
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33(11)92,
33(11)127,
33(11)159,
33(11)272
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26(6)1,
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27(7)44,
27(7)55,
27(7)200,
28(6)100,
28(6)112,
28(6)248,
29(8)1,
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27(9)2,
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30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)146-1,
31(9)84,
33(11)92,
34(3)118,
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27(7)188-1,
29(11)132-1
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23(1)17,
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27(7)128,
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25(6)311,
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33(11)272
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6(4)77,
25(4)20,
27(2)26,
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27(11)27,
28(3)299,
28(3)343,
28(3)357,
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29(9)9,
29(10)85,
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30(3)111,
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30(11)7,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)99,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)146-1,
34(3)118,
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34(5)128,
34(5)139,
34(7)45,
34(7)55,
34(7)65,
34(7)65-1,
34(7)80,
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34(7)96,
34(7)104,
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6(4)72,
25(8)15,
25(10)237,
26(10)73,
27(10)166,
27(10)166-1,
27(12)20,
28(2)21,
28(3)343,
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28(7)1,
28(7)112,
28(8)90,
29(1)27,
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29(5)7,
29(6)196,
29(6)302,
29(7)29,
29(7)43,
29(8)35,
29(8)46,
29(8)59,
29(8)84,
29(8)111,
29(9)77,
29(10)176,
29(10)205,
29(10)212,
29(11)132-1,
29(12)78,
30(2)12,
30(3)103,
30(3)111,
30(6)103,
30(6)291,
30(8)11,
30(8)19,
30(8)29,
30(8)48,
30(8)80-1,
30(10)333,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)31,
30(11)60,
30(11)79,
30(11)146-1,
32(1)86,
32(1)86-1,
32(5)159,
33(7)1,
33(7)11,
33(7)19,
33(7)27,
33(7)35,
33(7)43,
33(7)51,
33(7)59,
33(7)67,
33(7)75,
33(7)83,
33(12)14,
34(10)97
- error,
25(1)59,
25(6)102,
25(10)116,
27(4)77,
27(9)238,
28(6)13,
28(6)26,
28(6)156,
29(6)290,
29(9)17,
29(9)135,
29(10)176,
29(10)453,
29(11)208,
29(11)297,
30(6)291,
31(5)44,
33(7)27,
33(11)151,
34(1)338
- expert,
6(4)67,
26(2)64,
28(3)37,
28(3)357,
29(5)41-1,
29(9)72
- F.1.2,
25(6)311,
25(6)322,
29(11)274,
30(3)23,
30(11)70,
31(5)54,
31(5)258,
32(5)71,
32(5)97,
32(5)334,
33(11)46,
33(11)58,
33(11)92,
33(11)127,
33(11)159,
33(11)272
- F.2.2,
25(6)40,
25(6)66,
25(6)102,
25(6)137,
25(6)150,
25(6)234,
25(6)272,
25(6)322,
25(6)337,
26(6)130,
26(6)192,
26(6)204,
26(6)241,
26(6)256,
27(9)98,
27(9)238,
28(3)363,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)268,
28(6)278,
28(6)290,
29(6)85,
29(6)97,
29(6)171,
29(6)302,
30(6)32,
30(6)47,
30(6)56,
30(6)186,
30(6)246,
30(11)7,
30(11)60,
31(5)193,
31(9)60,
32(5)194,
32(5)334,
33(5)72,
33(5)85-1,
33(5)142,
33(11)24,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- followed,
28(3)333,
29(11)286
- form,
25(4)20,
25(4)73,
25(5)29,
25(5)95,
25(6)165,
25(6)189,
25(6)283,
26(1)47,
26(6)145,
27(7)1,
27(7)162,
27(8)51,
28(3)345,
28(6)26,
28(6)36,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)147,
28(6)227,
28(6)237,
28(7)112,
28(8)90,
29(6)13,
29(6)171,
29(8)35,
29(11)297,
30(3)13,
30(3)62,
30(3)71,
30(3)111,
30(6)67,
30(8)19,
30(8)144,
32(5)273,
33(5)15,
33(5)97,
33(10)65,
34(1)336,
34(5)204
- G.4,
30(3)1,
32(5)18,
32(5)31,
32(5)57,
32(5)71,
32(5)85,
32(5)171,
32(5)183,
32(5)194,
32(5)235,
32(5)249,
32(5)261,
32(5)273,
32(5)287,
32(5)296-1,
32(5)308,
32(5)346-1,
32(5)358,
33(11)12,
33(11)24,
33(11)58,
33(11)81,
33(11)139,
33(11)151,
33(11)170,
33(11)218,
33(11)228,
33(11)262,
33(11)272,
34(3)10,
34(3)20,
34(3)26,
34(3)37,
34(3)49,
34(3)57,
34(3)68,
34(3)130,
34(3)154,
34(3)166,
34(3)176
- generate,
25(6)9,
25(6)311,
25(12)85,
27(7)1,
27(7)140,
27(7)261,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)237,
28(7)112,
28(7)149,
29(6)49,
29(6)135,
29(6)242,
29(6)242-1,
29(8)94,
30(8)39,
30(8)48,
30(11)41,
31(5)108,
34(5)128
- generating,
25(5)91,
25(6)322,
26(1)121,
27(7)331,
28(7)149,
29(7)54,
30(8)48,
32(12)107,
33(7)27
- however,
25(6)66,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)234,
27(7)311,
28(3)351,
28(3)363,
28(6)68,
28(6)147,
28(7)54-1,
29(6)1,
29(6)85,
29(6)218,
29(6)302,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(8)1,
29(11)12,
29(11)51,
29(11)86,
29(11)110,
29(11)171,
29(11)183,
29(11)252,
29(11)274,
29(11)308,
29(11)328,
30(3)23,
30(3)62,
30(3)94,
30(6)279,
30(6)291,
30(6)301,
30(8)48,
30(8)217,
33(7)67
- implemented,
25(1)59,
25(6)16,
25(6)78,
26(6)145,
26(6)219,
27(1)95,
27(7)44,
27(7)82,
27(7)106,
27(7)140,
27(7)152,
27(7)212,
27(7)235,
27(7)322,
27(9)274,
27(10)127,
28(3)1,
28(3)133,
28(3)357,
28(6)1,
28(6)26,
28(6)139-1,
28(6)217,
28(6)237,
28(6)258,
28(7)13,
28(7)54-1,
28(7)112,
28(7)179,
28(12)169,
29(6)36,
29(6)107,
29(6)135,
29(6)186,
29(6)196,
29(6)290,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)74,
29(8)94,
29(10)373,
29(11)2,
29(11)132-1,
29(11)252,
30(6)1,
30(6)67,
30(6)103,
30(6)116,
30(6)139,
30(6)270,
30(8)11,
30(8)29,
30(8)39,
30(8)48,
30(8)134,
30(8)144,
30(8)156,
30(11)41,
30(11)88,
33(7)19
- in, Built-,
28(3)359
- in, built-,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1
- increase,
25(6)9,
25(6)53,
25(6)127-1,
27(7)322,
27(9)248,
28(2)21,
28(6)1,
28(6)177,
28(6)237,
28(7)229,
29(6)1,
29(6)159,
29(6)186,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(11)2,
29(11)98,
29(11)232,
29(11)242,
29(11)263,
29(11)319,
30(3)13,
30(6)93,
30(6)151,
30(8)179,
34(10)47
- inter-process,
29(6)196
- iteration,
17(9)18,
25(6)189,
25(6)311,
27(7)175,
27(7)188-1,
27(7)283,
28(3)355,
28(6)68,
28(6)300,
28(7)83,
29(6)36,
29(6)121,
29(9)51,
30(1)20,
30(6)218,
30(8)1,
34(9)102,
34(11)73
- kernel,
25(3)99,
25(10)269,
26(11)247,
27(7)188-1,
27(9)223,
28(6)1,
29(11)132-1,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)252,
30(8)58,
31(6)134
- layer,
29(10)129,
29(10)212,
29(11)51,
30(6)196,
31(10)198
- level, low-,
26(6)145,
27(9)223,
28(7)112,
29(11)76-1,
30(6)1,
30(8)48,
30(11)41
- low-level,
26(6)145,
27(9)223,
28(7)112,
29(11)76-1,
30(6)1,
30(8)48,
30(10)385,
30(11)41
- manual,
25(4)59,
27(2)88,
27(8)107,
28(6)156,
31(12)41,
32(6)34
- many,
25(1)59,
25(6)112,
25(6)137,
25(6)189,
25(6)283,
27(1)95,
27(5)z,
27(7)68,
27(7)82,
27(7)116,
27(7)188-1,
27(9)285,
28(3)69,
28(3)343,
28(3)345,
28(3)347,
28(6)100,
28(6)187,
28(6)237,
28(6)258,
28(6)300,
28(7)13,
28(7)33,
28(7)54-1,
29(6)1,
29(6)36,
29(6)49,
29(6)73,
29(6)85,
29(6)171,
29(6)206,
29(6)302,
29(8)94,
29(8)101,
29(11)145,
29(11)171,
29(11)196,
29(11)219,
29(11)252,
29(11)328,
30(3)13,
30(3)94,
30(3)119,
30(6)1,
30(6)67,
30(6)103,
30(6)291,
30(8)68,
30(8)134,
30(8)217,
30(11)20-1,
33(7)19,
33(7)27
- may,
25(6)85-1,
25(6)112,
25(6)246,
27(7)32,
27(7)44,
27(7)55,
27(7)212,
27(7)235,
27(7)273,
27(7)322,
27(12)20,
27(12)28,
28(3)361,
28(6)1,
28(6)13,
28(7)23,
28(7)83,
29(6)1,
29(6)13,
29(6)36,
29(6)206,
29(6)266,
29(6)337,
29(6)337-1,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(8)46,
29(8)59,
29(11)25,
29(11)183,
30(3)1,
30(3)62,
30(6)67,
30(6)246,
30(11)50,
30(11)79,
30(11)125,
33(7)27,
34(4)17
- meet,
30(11)41,
31(10)198,
32(8)313
- mode,
25(6)311,
25(6)322,
27(7)106,
29(11)2,
29(11)274,
30(3)23,
30(6)186,
30(11)70,
30(11)146-1,
31(5)54,
31(5)108,
31(5)258,
32(5)71,
32(5)97,
32(5)334,
33(11)46,
33(11)58,
33(11)92,
33(11)127,
33(11)159,
33(11)272
- necessary,
25(6)150,
27(7)94,
27(9)248,
28(3)299,
28(6)46,
28(6)126,
29(6)13,
29(6)206,
29(8)1,
29(11)319,
30(6)186,
30(6)315,
30(8)156,
30(11)20-1,
33(7)19,
33(7)27
- network,
25(7)11,
26(7)167,
27(7)22,
27(9)98,
27(9)111,
28(1)60,
28(7)218,
29(5)17-1,
29(8)101,
29(10)113,
29(11)2,
29(11)25,
29(11)38,
29(11)51,
29(11)183,
29(11)286,
29(11)297,
30(6)79-1,
30(7)7,
30(8)207,
30(8)217,
30(10)358,
30(10)358-1,
30(11)79,
30(11)108,
31(6)226,
31(9)160,
31(9)210,
31(9)222-1,
31(9)258,
32(5)320-1,
33(11)71,
33(11)92,
33(11)159,
33(11)193,
33(11)205,
34(1)86,
34(8)119,
34(8)163
- nonnumerical,
25(6)40,
25(6)66,
25(6)102,
25(6)137,
25(6)150,
25(6)234,
25(6)272,
25(6)322,
25(6)337,
26(6)130,
26(6)192,
26(6)204,
26(6)241,
26(6)256,
27(9)98,
27(9)238,
28(3)363,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)268,
28(6)278,
28(6)290,
29(6)85,
29(6)97,
29(6)171,
29(6)302,
29(11)183,
30(6)32,
30(6)47,
30(6)56,
30(6)186,
30(6)246,
30(11)7,
30(11)60,
31(5)193,
31(9)60,
32(5)194,
32(5)334,
33(5)72,
33(5)85-1,
33(5)142,
33(11)24,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- overhead,
25(6)16,
25(6)66,
25(6)174,
25(6)272,
25(6)322,
27(7)106,
27(7)116,
27(7)188-1,
27(7)200,
27(7)273,
27(9)223,
28(6)1,
28(6)187,
28(6)207-1,
28(7)64,
28(7)83,
28(7)149,
28(7)229,
29(6)36,
29(6)290,
29(6)349,
29(6)349-1,
29(9)135,
29(10)341,
29(11)38,
29(11)51,
29(11)171,
29(11)286,
30(6)93,
30(6)103,
30(6)270,
30(6)315,
30(8)144,
30(8)189,
30(8)217,
31(9)174,
31(9)198,
34(7)10
- particular,
25(6)102,
25(6)246,
27(7)82,
27(7)116,
28(6)90,
28(7)23,
29(6)121,
29(8)46,
30(3)71,
30(3)111,
30(6)67,
30(6)291,
30(6)301,
30(8)58,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)79
- phase,
28(1)40,
28(6)237,
29(6)266,
29(10)287,
30(3)23,
30(11)31
- preprocessor,
28(1)76,
28(6)156,
29(1)46,
29(1)53
- PROBLEM,
25(6)40,
25(6)66,
25(6)92,
25(6)102,
25(6)112,
25(6)137,
25(6)150,
25(6)234,
25(6)272,
25(6)322,
25(6)337,
26(6)30,
26(6)130,
26(6)192,
26(6)204,
26(6)241,
26(6)256,
27(7)140,
27(9)98,
27(9)238,
28(3)363,
28(6)78-1,
28(6)268,
28(6)278,
28(6)290,
29(6)61,
29(6)85,
29(6)97,
29(6)121,
29(6)171,
29(6)218,
29(6)302,
30(6)32,
30(6)47,
30(6)56,
30(6)139,
30(6)186,
30(6)246,
30(6)279,
30(11)7,
30(11)60,
31(5)108,
31(5)193,
31(9)60,
32(5)194,
32(5)334,
33(5)72,
33(5)85-1,
33(5)142,
33(11)24,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- prone,
25(6)102,
28(6)156
- proposed,
27(7)200,
28(3)299,
28(6)90,
28(7)218,
29(6)302,
29(11)76-1,
29(11)196,
29(11)242,
29(11)286,
29(11)308,
30(6)139,
30(8)112,
30(11)7,
30(11)41,
30(11)60,
33(7)83
- PURPOSE, SPECIAL-,
29(8)22,
29(11)76-1,
30(11)7,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)99,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)146-1,
31(5)127,
31(5)160,
34(3)118,
34(3)130
- quality,
25(12)85,
26(6)219,
30(3)23,
30(3)119,
33(5)142,
34(3)1,
34(10)47
- realization,
28(3)69,
28(3)365
- requirement,
17(9)18,
24(3)34,
27(12)29,
28(3)231,
28(3)299,
28(6)100,
28(6)166,
28(6)268,
28(10)305,
29(6)278,
29(8)59,
29(10)205,
29(10)287,
29(10)453,
29(11)51,
30(3)23,
30(6)93,
30(6)174,
30(6)246,
30(11)31,
30(11)41,
30(11)70,
31(9)105,
31(10)342,
31(12)63,
32(1)86,
32(1)86-1,
33(7)51,
34(10)57,
34(10)325
- scheduler,
28(6)248,
28(6)278,
28(7)64,
28(7)64-1,
28(7)169,
29(11)12,
30(6)151,
30(8)207,
32(5)194
- sequencing,
27(9)98,
27(9)238,
29(10)176,
30(11)7,
30(11)60,
31(9)60,
32(5)194,
32(5)334,
33(5)142,
33(11)24,
33(11)262,
33(11)272
- similar,
26(4)310,
27(7)116,
27(7)212,
27(7)249,
28(3)149,
28(3)363,
29(6)302,
29(11)61,
29(11)145,
30(8)112
- slow,
25(6)150,
27(7)106,
28(3)333,
28(6)1,
29(11)86
- SPECIAL-PURPOSE,
29(8)22,
29(11)76-1,
30(11)7,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)99,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)146-1,
31(5)127,
31(5)160,
34(3)118,
34(3)130
- take,
25(6)165,
25(6)296,
26(4)28,
28(6)187,
28(6)227,
28(6)237,
28(8)90,
29(6)107,
29(6)196,
29(11)2,
29(11)242,
30(6)79-1,
30(8)134,
30(8)189,
30(11)146-1
- task,
25(4)73,
25(6)174,
27(7)68,
27(7)200,
27(7)283,
28(1)32,
28(3)347,
28(6)13,
28(7)13,
28(8)109,
28(8)109-1,
29(10)51,
30(8)123,
30(8)134,
30(8)189,
30(11)7,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)79,
30(11)99,
30(11)125,
32(7)1,
33(7)19,
33(7)59,
33(7)83
- tedious,
28(6)1,
28(6)156,
28(8)90
- time, Real-,
25(3)79,
28(3)353,
28(6)166,
28(6)217,
28(6)217-1,
29(8)22,
29(11)76-1,
30(11)7,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)99,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)125,
30(11)146-1,
32(9)39,
34(3)118,
34(3)130,
34(7)65
- time, real-,
25(3)147,
25(4)20,
25(5)124,
25(10)289,
27(3)66,
28(3)299,
28(3)343,
28(3)353,
28(6)166,
28(6)166-1,
29(7)43,
29(8)22,
29(9)149,
29(10)85,
29(10)301,
29(10)453,
29(11)76,
29(11)76-1,
29(12)11,
30(3)83,
30(11)7,
30(11)20-1,
30(11)31,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)88,
30(11)108,
30(11)117,
30(11)124,
30(11)125,
30(11)146,
30(11)146-1,
33(7)67,
34(3)118,
34(3)130,
34(7)65-1,
34(7)73,
34(12)67
- timing,
25(6)78,
25(10)289,
28(6)166,
28(6)207-1,
30(11)41,
30(11)50,
30(11)60,
30(11)70,
30(11)79,
30(11)99
- transputer,
29(5)17-1
- usually,
25(1)59,
25(4)59,
25(6)78,
25(6)174,
27(7)162,
27(9)285,
28(3)361,
28(6)26,
30(3)111,
30(6)1,
30(6)32,
30(6)186,
30(6)291,
30(6)315,
30(11)79
- valid,
28(6)156,
29(11)171,
29(11)297,
30(11)41