# bibtab

bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Solomon:2016:CBE
author: Adam Ross Solomon
title: Cosmology beyond Einstein
publisher: pub-SV
address: pub-SV:adr
pages: 239
year: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46621-7
ISBN: 3-319-46620-8 (hardcover), 3-319-46621-6 (e-book) OR 3319466208 (hardcover), 3319466216 (ebook)
bibdate: Tue Jun 6 07:04:12 MDT 2017
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2017.06.06 07:04:12 MDT
remark: Doctoral thesis accepted by the University of Cambridge, UK.
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
advisor: John D. Barrow
rawauthor: Adam Ross Solomon
rawtitle: Cosmology beyond {Einstein}
ISBN13:
978-3-319-46620-0 (hardcover), 978-3-319-46621-7 (e-book) OR 9783319466200 (hardcover), 9783319466217 (ebook)

abstract:
This thesis investigates the theoretical and cosmological implications of modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity. It explores two classes of modifications to gravity: those in which the graviton is given a small mass, and those in which Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken. It elucidates the nature of cosmological perturbations in theories of massive bimetric gravity, including a potentially deadly instability. Theories of gravity beyond general relativity could explain why the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, obviating the need for a dark energy, and can also affect the evolution of the early Universe. Next, it investigates the nature of spacetime in massive gravity theories that contain two different spacetime metrics. Lastly, the strongest constraints to date are placed on the size of Lorentz-violating effects in the gravity sector during inflation. .

TOC:
Supervisor's Foreword Abstract Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles: References Acknowledgements Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Conventions 1.2 General Relativity 1.3 The Cosmological Standard Model 1.4 Linear Perturbations Around FLRW 1.5 Inflation References 2 Gravity Beyond General Relativity 2.1 Massive Gravity and Bigravity 2.1.1 Building the Massive Graviton 2.1.2 Ghost-Free Massive Gravity 2.1.3 Cosmological Solutions in Massive Bigravity 2.2 Einstein-Aether Theory 2.2.1 Pure Aether Theory 2.2.2 Coupling to a Scalar Inflation 2.2.3 Einstein-Aether Cosmology References Part I A Massive Graviton 3 Cosmological Stability of Massive Bigravity 3.1 Linear Cosmological Perturbations 3.1.1 Linearised Field Equations 3.1.2 Counting the Degrees of Freedom 3.1.3 Gauge Choice and Reducing the Einstein Equations 3.2 Stability Analysis 3.3 Summary of Results References 4 Linear Structure Growth in Massive Bigravity 4.1 Perturbations in the Subhorizon Limit 4.2 Structure Growth and Cosmological Observables 4.2.1 Modified Gravity Parameters 4.2.2 Numerical Solutions 4.3 Summary of Results References 5 The Geometry of Doubly-Coupled Bigravity 5.1 The Lack of a Physical Metric 5.2 Light Propagation and the Problem of Observables 5.3 Point Particles and Non-Riemannian Geometry 5.4 Summary of Results References 6 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive Bigravity 6.1 Doubly-Coupled Bigravity 6.2 Cosmological Equations and Their Solutions 6.2.1 Algebraic Branch of the Bianchi Constraint 6.2.2 Dynamical Branch of the Bianchi Constraint 6.3 Comparison to Data: Minimal Models 6.4 Special Parameter Cases 6.4.1 Partially-Massless Gravity 6.4.2 Vacuum Energy and the Question of Self-Acceleration 6.4.3 Maximally-Symmetric Bigravity 6.5 Summary of Results References 7 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive Gravity 7.1 Cosmological Backgrounds 7.2 Do Dynamical Solutions Exist? 7.3 Einstein Frame Versus Jordan Frame 7.4 Massive Cosmologies with a Scalar Field 7.5 Adding a Perfect Fluid 7.6 Mixed Matter Couplings 7.7 Summary of Results References Part II Lorentz Violation 8 Lorentz Violation During Inflation 8.1 Stability Constraint in Flat Space 8.2 Cosmological Perturbation Theory 8.2.1 Perturbation Variables 8.2.2 Linearised Equations of Motion 8.3 Spin-1 Cosmological Perturbations 8.3.1 Slow-Roll Limit 8.3.2 Full Solution for the Vector Modes 8.3.3 Tachyonic Instability 8.3.4 What Values Do We Expect for Lambda? 8.4 Spin-0 Cosmological Perturbations: Instability and Observability 8.4.1 The Spin-0 Equations of Motion 8.4.2 The Instability Returns 8.4.3 The Small-Coupling Limit 8.4.4 The Large-Coupling Limit: The Phi Evolution Equation 8.4.5 The Large-Coupling Limit: CMB Observables 8.5 Case Study: Quadratic Potential 8.5.1 Slow-Roll Inflation: An Example

rawabstract:
This thesis investigates the theoretical and cosmological implications of modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity. It explores two classes of modifications to gravity: those in which the graviton is given a small mass, and those in which Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken. It elucidates the nature of cosmological perturbations in theories of massive bimetric gravity, including a potentially deadly instability. Theories of gravity beyond general relativity could explain why the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, obviating the need for a dark energy, and can also affect the evolution of the early Universe. Next, it investigates the nature of spacetime in massive gravity theories that contain two different spacetime metrics. Lastly, the strongest constraints to date are placed on the size of Lorentz-violating effects in the gravity sector during inflation. .

rawTOC:
Supervisor's Foreword \\ Abstract \\ Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles: \\ References \\ Acknowledgements \\ Contents \\ 1 Introduction \\ 1.1 Conventions \\ 1.2 General Relativity \\ 1.3 The Cosmological Standard Model \\ 1.4 Linear Perturbations Around FLRW \\ 1.5 Inflation \\ References \\ 2 Gravity Beyond General Relativity \\ 2.1 Massive Gravity and Bigravity \\ 2.1.1 Building the Massive Graviton \\ 2.1.2 Ghost-Free Massive Gravity \\ 2.1.3 Cosmological Solutions in Massive Bigravity \\ 2.2 Einstein-Aether Theory \\ 2.2.1 Pure Aether Theory \\ 2.2.2 Coupling to a Scalar Inflation\\ 2.2.3 Einstein-Aether Cosmology \\ References \\ Part I A Massive Graviton \\ 3 Cosmological Stability of Massive Bigravity \\ 3.1 Linear Cosmological Perturbations \\ 3.1.1 Linearised Field Equations \\ 3.1.2 Counting the Degrees of Freedom \\ 3.1.3 Gauge Choice and Reducing the Einstein Equations \\ 3.2 Stability Analysis \\ 3.3 Summary of Results \\ References \\ 4 Linear Structure Growth in Massive Bigravity \\ 4.1 Perturbations in the Subhorizon Limit \\ 4.2 Structure Growth and Cosmological Observables \\ 4.2.1 Modified Gravity Parameters \\ 4.2.2 Numerical Solutions \\ 4.3 Summary of Results \\ References\\ 5 The Geometry of Doubly-Coupled Bigravity\\ 5.1 The Lack of a Physical Metric \\ 5.2 Light Propagation and the Problem of Observables \\ 5.3 Point Particles and Non-Riemannian Geometry \\ 5.4 Summary of Results \\ References \\ 6 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive Bigravity \\ 6.1 Doubly-Coupled Bigravity \\ 6.2 Cosmological Equations and Their Solutions \\ 6.2.1 Algebraic Branch of the Bianchi Constraint \\ 6.2.2 Dynamical Branch of the Bianchi Constraint \\ 6.3 Comparison to Data: Minimal Models \\ 6.4 Special Parameter Cases \\ 6.4.1 Partially-Massless Gravity\\ 6.4.2 Vacuum Energy and the Question of Self-Acceleration\\ 6.4.3 Maximally-Symmetric Bigravity \\ 6.5 Summary of Results \\ References \\ 7 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive Gravity \\ 7.1 Cosmological Backgrounds \\ 7.2 Do Dynamical Solutions Exist? \\ 7.3 Einstein Frame Versus Jordan Frame \\ 7.4 Massive Cosmologies with a Scalar Field \\ 7.5 Adding a Perfect Fluid \\ 7.6 Mixed Matter Couplings \\ 7.7 Summary of Results \\ References \\ Part II Lorentz Violation \\ 8 Lorentz Violation During Inflation \\ 8.1 Stability Constraint in Flat Space \\ 8.2 Cosmological Perturbation Theory\\ 8.2.1 Perturbation Variables\\ 8.2.2 Linearised Equations of Motion \\ 8.3 Spin-1 Cosmological Perturbations \\ 8.3.1 Slow-Roll Limit \\ 8.3.2 Full Solution for the Vector Modes \\ 8.3.3 Tachyonic Instability \\ 8.3.4 What Values Do We Expect for Lambda? \\ 8.4 Spin-0 Cosmological Perturbations: Instability and Observability \\ 8.4.1 The Spin-0 Equations of Motion \\ 8.4.2 The Instability Returns \\ 8.4.3 The Small-Coupling Limit \\ 8.4.4 The Large-Coupling Limit: The Phi Evolution Equation \\ 8.4.5 The Large-Coupling Limit: CMB Observables \\ 8.5 Case Study: Quadratic Potential \\ 8.5.1 Slow-Roll Inflation: An Example

entry:
@Book{Solomon:2016:CBE,
  author =       "Adam Ross Solomon",
  title =        "Cosmology beyond {Einstein}",
  publisher =    pub-SV,
  address =      pub-SV:adr,
  pages =        "239",
  year =         "2016",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46621-7",
  ISBN =         "3-319-46620-8 (hardcover), 3-319-46621-6 (e-book)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-3-319-46620-0 (hardcover), 978-3-319-46621-7
                 (e-book)",
  LCCN =         "????",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jun 6 07:04:12 MDT 2017",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  abstract =     "This thesis investigates the theoretical and
                 cosmological implications of modifying Einstein's
                 theory of general relativity. It explores two classes
                 of modifications to gravity: those in which the
                 graviton is given a small mass, and those in which
                 Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken. It
                 elucidates the nature of cosmological perturbations in
                 theories of massive bimetric gravity, including a
                 potentially deadly instability. Theories of gravity
                 beyond general relativity could explain why the
                 expansion of the Universe is accelerating, obviating
                 the need for a dark energy, and can also affect the
                 evolution of the early Universe. Next, it investigates
                 the nature of spacetime in massive gravity theories
                 that contain two different spacetime metrics. Lastly,
                 the strongest constraints to date are placed on the
                 size of Lorentz-violating effects in the gravity sector
                 during inflation. .",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  advisor =      "John D. Barrow",
  remark =       "Doctoral thesis accepted by the University of
                 Cambridge, UK.",
  tableofcontents = "Supervisor's Foreword \\
                 Abstract \\
                 Parts of this thesis have been published in the
                 following journal articles: \\
                 References \\
                 Acknowledgements \\
                 Contents \\
                 1 Introduction \\
                 1.1 Conventions \\
                 1.2 General Relativity \\
                 1.3 The Cosmological Standard Model \\
                 1.4 Linear Perturbations Around FLRW \\
                 1.5 Inflation \\
                 References \\
                 2 Gravity Beyond General Relativity \\
                 2.1 Massive Gravity and Bigravity \\
                 2.1.1 Building the Massive Graviton \\
                 2.1.2 Ghost-Free Massive Gravity \\
                 2.1.3 Cosmological Solutions in Massive Bigravity \\
                 2.2 Einstein-Aether Theory \\
                 2.2.1 Pure Aether Theory \\
                 2.2.2 Coupling to a Scalar Inflation\\
                 2.2.3 Einstein-Aether Cosmology \\
                 References \\
                 Part I A Massive Graviton \\
                 3 Cosmological Stability of Massive Bigravity \\
                 3.1 Linear Cosmological Perturbations \\
                 3.1.1 Linearised Field Equations \\
                 3.1.2 Counting the Degrees of Freedom \\
                 3.1.3 Gauge Choice and Reducing the Einstein Equations
                 \\
                 3.2 Stability Analysis \\
                 3.3 Summary of Results \\
                 References \\
                 4 Linear Structure Growth in Massive Bigravity \\
                 4.1 Perturbations in the Subhorizon Limit \\
                 4.2 Structure Growth and Cosmological Observables \\
                 4.2.1 Modified Gravity Parameters \\
                 4.2.2 Numerical Solutions \\
                 4.3 Summary of Results \\
                 References\\
                 5 The Geometry of Doubly-Coupled Bigravity\\
                 5.1 The Lack of a Physical Metric \\
                 5.2 Light Propagation and the Problem of Observables
                 \\
                 5.3 Point Particles and Non-Riemannian Geometry \\
                 5.4 Summary of Results \\
                 References \\
                 6 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive
                 Bigravity \\
                 6.1 Doubly-Coupled Bigravity \\
                 6.2 Cosmological Equations and Their Solutions \\
                 6.2.1 Algebraic Branch of the Bianchi Constraint \\
                 6.2.2 Dynamical Branch of the Bianchi Constraint \\
                 6.3 Comparison to Data: Minimal Models \\
                 6.4 Special Parameter Cases \\
                 6.4.1 Partially-Massless Gravity\\
                 6.4.2 Vacuum Energy and the Question of
                 Self-Acceleration\\
                 6.4.3 Maximally-Symmetric Bigravity \\
                 6.5 Summary of Results \\
                 References \\
                 7 Cosmological Implications of Doubly-Coupled Massive
                 Gravity \\
                 7.1 Cosmological Backgrounds \\
                 7.2 Do Dynamical Solutions Exist? \\
                 7.3 Einstein Frame Versus Jordan Frame \\
                 7.4 Massive Cosmologies with a Scalar Field \\
                 7.5 Adding a Perfect Fluid \\
                 7.6 Mixed Matter Couplings \\
                 7.7 Summary of Results \\
                 References \\
                 Part II Lorentz Violation \\
                 8 Lorentz Violation During Inflation \\
                 8.1 Stability Constraint in Flat Space \\
                 8.2 Cosmological Perturbation Theory\\
                 8.2.1 Perturbation Variables\\
                 8.2.2 Linearised Equations of Motion \\
                 8.3 Spin-1 Cosmological Perturbations \\
                 8.3.1 Slow-Roll Limit \\
                 8.3.2 Full Solution for the Vector Modes \\
                 8.3.3 Tachyonic Instability \\
                 8.3.4 What Values Do We Expect for Lambda? \\
                 8.4 Spin-0 Cosmological Perturbations: Instability and
                 Observability \\
                 8.4.1 The Spin-0 Equations of Motion \\
                 8.4.2 The Instability Returns \\
                 8.4.3 The Small-Coupling Limit \\
                 8.4.4 The Large-Coupling Limit: The Phi Evolution
                 Equation \\
                 8.4.5 The Large-Coupling Limit: CMB Observables \\
                 8.5 Case Study: Quadratic Potential \\
                 8.5.1 Slow-Roll Inflation: An Example",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jones:2017:PCF
author: B. J. T. (Bernard Jean Trefor) Jones
title: Precision cosmology: the first half million years
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xiv + 761
year: 2017
ISBN: 0-521-55433-0 OR 0521554330
ISBN13: 978-0-521-55433-6 OR 9780521554336
LCCN: QB981 .J664 2017
bibdate: Tue Jan 9 07:04:55 MST 2018
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2018.01.09 07:04:55 MST
subject: Cosmology; Mathematics; Cosmological distances
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1946--
rawauthor: B. J. T. (Bernard Jean Trefor) Jones
rawtitle: Precision cosmology: the first half million years
TOC:
Years of cosmology Newtonian cosmology Relativistic cosmology The physics of matter and radiation Precision tools for precision cosmology

rawTOC:
Years of cosmology \\ Newtonian cosmology \\ Relativistic cosmology \\ The physics of matter and radiation \\ Precision tools for precision cosmology

entry:
@Book{Jones:2017:PCF,
  author =       "B. J. T. (Bernard Jean Trefor) Jones",
  title =        "Precision cosmology: the first half million years",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xiv + 761",
  year =         "2017",
  ISBN =         "0-521-55433-0",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-55433-6",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .J664 2017",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 9 07:04:55 MST 2018",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1946--",
  subject =      "Cosmology; Mathematics; Cosmological distances",
  tableofcontents = "Years of cosmology \\
                 Newtonian cosmology \\
                 Relativistic cosmology \\
                 The physics of matter and radiation \\
                 Precision tools for precision cosmology",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Ryden:2017:IC
author: Barbara Sue Ryden
title: Introduction to cosmology
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
edition: Second
pages: xii + 264
year: 2017
ISBN: 1-107-15483-9 OR 1107154839
ISBN13: 978-1-107-15483-4 OR 9781107154834
LCCN: QB981 .R93 2017
bibdate: Tue Jun 6 08:16:23 MDT 2017
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2017.06.06 08:16:23 MDT
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Barbara Sue Ryden
rawtitle: Introduction to cosmology
abstract:
The second edition of Introduction to Cosmology is an exciting update of this award-winning textbook. It is aimed primarily at advanced undergraduate students in physics and astronomy, but is also useful as a supplementary text at higher levels. It explains modern cosmological concepts, such as dark energy, in the context of the Big Bang theory. Its clear, lucid writing style, with a wealth of useful everyday analogies, makes it exceptionally engaging. Emphasis is placed on the links between theoretical concepts of cosmology and the observable properties of the universe, building deeper physical insights in the reader. The second edition includes recent observational results, fuller descriptions of special and general relativity, expanded discussions of dark energy, and a new chapter on baryonic matter that makes up stars and galaxies. It is an ideal textbook for the era of precision cosmology in the accelerating universe.

TOC:
Fundamental observations Newton versus Einstein Cosmic dynamics Model universes Measuring cosmological parameters Dark matter The cosmic microwave background Nucleosynthesis and the early universe Inflation and the very early universe Structure formation: gravitational instability Structure formation: baryons and photons

rawabstract:
The second edition of Introduction to Cosmology is an exciting update of this award-winning textbook. It is aimed primarily at advanced undergraduate students in physics and astronomy, but is also useful as a supplementary text at higher levels. It explains modern cosmological concepts, such as dark energy, in the context of the Big Bang theory. Its clear, lucid writing style, with a wealth of useful everyday analogies, makes it exceptionally engaging. Emphasis is placed on the links between theoretical concepts of cosmology and the observable properties of the universe, building deeper physical insights in the reader. The second edition includes recent observational results, fuller descriptions of special and general relativity, expanded discussions of dark energy, and a new chapter on baryonic matter that makes up stars and galaxies. It is an ideal textbook for the era of precision cosmology in the accelerating universe.

rawTOC:
Fundamental observations \\ Newton versus Einstein \\ Cosmic dynamics \\ Model universes \\ Measuring cosmological parameters \\ Dark matter \\ The cosmic microwave background \\ Nucleosynthesis and the early universe \\ Inflation and the very early universe \\ Structure formation: gravitational instability \\ Structure formation: baryons and photons

entry:
@Book{Ryden:2017:IC,
  author =       "Barbara Sue Ryden",
  title =        "Introduction to cosmology",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  edition =      "Second",
  pages =        "xii + 264",
  year =         "2017",
  ISBN =         "1-107-15483-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-107-15483-4",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .R93 2017",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jun 6 08:16:23 MDT 2017",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  abstract =     "The second edition of Introduction to Cosmology is an
                 exciting update of this award-winning textbook. It is
                 aimed primarily at advanced undergraduate students in
                 physics and astronomy, but is also useful as a
                 supplementary text at higher levels. It explains modern
                 cosmological concepts, such as dark energy, in the
                 context of the Big Bang theory. Its clear, lucid
                 writing style, with a wealth of useful everyday
                 analogies, makes it exceptionally engaging. Emphasis is
                 placed on the links between theoretical concepts of
                 cosmology and the observable properties of the
                 universe, building deeper physical insights in the
                 reader. The second edition includes recent
                 observational results, fuller descriptions of special
                 and general relativity, expanded discussions of dark
                 energy, and a new chapter on baryonic matter that makes
                 up stars and galaxies. It is an ideal textbook for the
                 era of precision cosmology in the accelerating
                 universe.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology",
  tableofcontents = "Fundamental observations \\
                 Newton versus Einstein \\
                 Cosmic dynamics \\
                 Model universes \\
                 Measuring cosmological parameters \\
                 Dark matter \\
                 The cosmic microwave background \\
                 Nucleosynthesis and the early universe \\
                 Inflation and the very early universe \\
                 Structure formation: gravitational instability \\
                 Structure formation: baryons and photons",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Gray:2018:SGG
author: Norman Gray
title: A Student's Guide to General Relativity
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xii + 151
year: 2018
LCCN: QC173.6 .G732 2018
bibdate: Wed May 15 12:48:02 MDT 2019
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2019.05.15 12:48:02 MDT
subject: General relativity (Physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1964--
rawauthor: Norman Gray
rawtitle: A Student's Guide to General Relativity
ISBN:
1-107-18346-4 (hardcover), 1-316-63479-5 (paperback) OR 1107183464 (hardcover), 1316634795 (paperback)

ISBN13:
978-1-107-18346-9 (hardcover), 978-1-316-63479-0 (paperback) OR 9781107183469 (hardcover), 9781316634790 (paperback)

abstract:
This compact guide presents the key features of General Relativity, to support and supplement the presentation in mainstream, more comprehensive undergraduate textbooks, or as a re-cap of essentials for graduate students pursuing more advanced studies. It helps students plot a careful path to understanding the core ideas and basics of differential geometry, as applied to General Relativity, without overwhelming them. While the guide doesn't shy away from necessary technicalities, it emphasizes the essential simplicity of the main physical arguments. Presuming a familiarity with Special Relativity (with a brief account in an appendix), it describes how general covariance and the equivalence principle motivate Einstein's theory of gravitation. It then introduces differential geometry and the covariant derivative as the mathematical technology which allows us to understand Einstein's equations of General Relativity. The book is supported by numerous worked exampled and problems, and important applications of General Relativity are described in an appendix.

TOC:
Vectors, tensors and functions Manifolds, vectors and differentiation Energy, momentum and Einstein's equations

rawabstract:
This compact guide presents the key features of General Relativity, to support and supplement the presentation in mainstream, more comprehensive undergraduate textbooks, or as a re-cap of essentials for graduate students pursuing more advanced studies. It helps students plot a careful path to understanding the core ideas and basics of differential geometry, as applied to General Relativity, without overwhelming them. While the guide doesn't shy away from necessary technicalities, it emphasizes the essential simplicity of the main physical arguments. Presuming a familiarity with Special Relativity (with a brief account in an appendix), it describes how general covariance and the equivalence principle motivate Einstein's theory of gravitation. It then introduces differential geometry and the covariant derivative as the mathematical technology which allows us to understand Einstein's equations of General Relativity. The book is supported by numerous worked exampled and problems, and important applications of General Relativity are described in an appendix.

rawTOC:
Vectors, tensors and functions \\ Manifolds, vectors and differentiation \\ Energy, momentum and Einstein's equations

entry:
@Book{Gray:2018:SGG,
  author =       "Norman Gray",
  title =        "A Student's Guide to General Relativity",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xii + 151",
  year =         "2018",
  ISBN =         "1-107-18346-4 (hardcover), 1-316-63479-5 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-107-18346-9 (hardcover), 978-1-316-63479-0
                 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QC173.6 .G732 2018",
  bibdate =      "Wed May 15 12:48:02 MDT 2019",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  abstract =     "This compact guide presents the key features of
                 General Relativity, to support and supplement the
                 presentation in mainstream, more comprehensive
                 undergraduate textbooks, or as a re-cap of essentials
                 for graduate students pursuing more advanced studies.
                 It helps students plot a careful path to understanding
                 the core ideas and basics of differential geometry, as
                 applied to General Relativity, without overwhelming
                 them. While the guide doesn't shy away from necessary
                 technicalities, it emphasizes the essential simplicity
                 of the main physical arguments. Presuming a familiarity
                 with Special Relativity (with a brief account in an
                 appendix), it describes how general covariance and the
                 equivalence principle motivate Einstein's theory of
                 gravitation. It then introduces differential geometry
                 and the covariant derivative as the mathematical
                 technology which allows us to understand Einstein's
                 equations of General Relativity. The book is supported
                 by numerous worked exampled and problems, and important
                 applications of General Relativity are described in an
                 appendix.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1964--",
  subject =      "General relativity (Physics)",
  tableofcontents = "Vectors, tensors and functions \\
                 Manifolds, vectors and differentiation \\
                 Energy, momentum and Einstein's equations",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Novosyadlyj:2018:C
author: Bohdan Novosyadlyj
title: Century of $ Lambda $
journal: j-EUR-PHYS-J-H
volume: 43
number: 3
pages: 267--280
month: aug
monthnumber: 8
year: 2018
CODEN: EPJHAD
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2018-90007-y
ISSN: 2102-6459 (print), 2102-6467 (electronic) OR 21026459 (print), 21026467 (electronic)
ISSNL: 2102-6459 OR 21026459
bibdate: Wed Sep 12 15:26:58 MDT 2018
bibtimestamp: 2018.09.12 15:26:58 MDT
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjh/e2018-90007-y
fjournal: The European Physical Journal H
keywords: Einstein's cosmological constant, $ Lambda $
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
ajournal: Eur. Phys. J. H
journalURL: http://www.springer.com/journal/13129
rawauthor: Bohdan Novosyadlyj
rawtitle: Century of {$ \Lambda $}
entry:
@Article{Novosyadlyj:2018:C,
  author =       "Bohdan Novosyadlyj",
  title =        "Century of {$ \Lambda $}",
  journal =      j-EUR-PHYS-J-H,
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "267--280",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "EPJHAD",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2018-90007-y",
  ISSN =         "2102-6459 (print), 2102-6467 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "2102-6459",
  bibdate =      "Wed Sep 12 15:26:58 MDT 2018",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/eur-phys-j-h.bib",
  URL =          "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjh/e2018-90007-y",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  ajournal =     "Eur. Phys. J. H",
  fjournal =     "The European Physical Journal H",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.springer.com/journal/13129",
  keywords =     "Einstein's cosmological constant, $ \Lambda $",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: ORaifeartaigh:2018:OHY
author: Cormac O'Raifeartaigh and Michael O'Keeffe and Werner Nahm and Simon Mitton
title: One hundred years of the cosmological constant: from `superfluous stunt'' to dark energy
journal: j-EUR-PHYS-J-H
volume: 43
number: 1
pages: 73--117
month: apr
monthnumber: 4
year: 2018
CODEN: EPJHAD
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80061-7
ISSN: 2102-6459 (print), 2102-6467 (electronic) OR 21026459 (print), 21026467 (electronic)
ISSNL: 2102-6459 OR 21026459
bibdate: Wed Sep 12 15:26:57 MDT 2018
bibtimestamp: 2018.09.12 15:26:57 MDT
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80061-7
fjournal: The European Physical Journal H
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
ajournal: Eur. Phys. J. H
journalURL: http://www.springer.com/journal/13129
rawauthor: Cormac O'Raifeartaigh and Michael O'Keeffe and Werner Nahm and Simon Mitton
rawtitle: One hundred years of the cosmological constant: from `superfluous stunt'' to dark energy
entry:
@Article{ORaifeartaigh:2018:OHY,
  author =       "Cormac O'Raifeartaigh and Michael O'Keeffe and Werner
                 Nahm and Simon Mitton",
  title =        "One hundred years of the cosmological constant: from
                 `superfluous stunt'' to dark energy",
  journal =      j-EUR-PHYS-J-H,
  volume =       "43",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--117",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "EPJHAD",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80061-7",
  ISSN =         "2102-6459 (print), 2102-6467 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "2102-6459",
  bibdate =      "Wed Sep 12 15:26:57 MDT 2018",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/eur-phys-j-h.bib",
  URL =          "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80061-7",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  ajournal =     "Eur. Phys. J. H",
  fjournal =     "The European Physical Journal H",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.springer.com/journal/13129",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Vogel:2021:BRR
author: Dr. Manuel Vogel
journal: j-CONTEMP-PHYS
volume: 62
number: 2
pages: 122--122
year: 2021
CODEN: CTPHAF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2022.2038673
ISSN: 0010-7514 (print), 1366-5812 (electronic) OR 00107514 (print), 13665812 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0010-7514 OR 00107514
bibdate: Tue Jun 14 14:01:27 MDT 2022
bibtimestamp: 2022.06.14 14:01:27 MDT
fjournal: Contemporary Physics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
journalURL: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcph20
onlinedate: 30 Nov 2021
rawauthor: Dr. Manuel Vogel
title:
Book Review: booktitle Relativity and cosmology: volume 5 of modern classical physics by Kip S. Thorne and Roger D. Blandford, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2021, 416 pp., pounds 48 (softcover), ISBN: 978-0-691-20739-1. Scope: textbook. Level: advanced undergraduates

rawtitle:
Book Review: {{\booktitle{Relativity and cosmology: volume 5 of modern classical physics}} by Kip S. Thorne and Roger D. Blandford, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2021, 416 pp., \pounds 48 (softcover), ISBN: 978-0-691-20739-1. Scope: textbook. Level: advanced undergraduates}

entry:
@Article{Vogel:2021:BRR,
  author =       "Dr. Manuel Vogel",
  title =        "Book Review: {{\booktitle{Relativity and cosmology:
                 volume 5 of modern classical physics}} by Kip S. Thorne
                 and Roger D. Blandford, Princeton, Princeton University
                 Press, 2021, 416 pp., \pounds 48 (softcover), ISBN:
                 978-0-691-20739-1. Scope: textbook. Level: advanced
                 undergraduates}",
  journal =      j-CONTEMP-PHYS,
  volume =       "62",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "122--122",
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "CTPHAF",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2022.2038673",
  ISSN =         "0010-7514 (print), 1366-5812 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0010-7514",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jun 14 14:01:27 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/contempphys.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Contemporary Physics",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcph20",
  onlinedate =   "30 Nov 2021",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Cudek:2025:RAE
author: Franciszek Cudek and James Read
journal: j-FOUND-PHYS
volume: 55
number: 2
pages: ??--??
month: apr
monthnumber: 4
year: 2025
CODEN: FNDPA4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-025-00822-9
ISSN: 0015-9018 (print), 1572-9516 (electronic) OR 00159018 (print), 15729516 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0015-9018 OR 00159018
bibdate: Tue Apr 1 11:27:39 MDT 2025
bibtimestamp: 2025.04.01 11:27:39 MDT
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10701-025-00822-9
fjournal: Foundations of Physics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
ajournal: Found. Phys.
articleno: 18
journalURL: http://link.springer.com/journal/10701
rawauthor: Franciszek Cudek and James Read
title:
Review of booktitle Accelerating Expansion: Philosophy and Physics with a Positive Cosmological Constant, by Gordon Belot

bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/foundphys.bib

rawtitle:
Review of {{\booktitle{Accelerating Expansion: Philosophy and Physics with a Positive Cosmological Constant}}, by Gordon Belot}

entry:
@Article{Cudek:2025:RAE,
  author =       "Franciszek Cudek and James Read",
  title =        "Review of {{\booktitle{Accelerating Expansion:
                 Philosophy and Physics with a Positive Cosmological
                 Constant}}, by Gordon Belot}",
  journal =      j-FOUND-PHYS,
  volume =       "55",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "??--??",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2025",
  CODEN =        "FNDPA4",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-025-00822-9",
  ISSN =         "0015-9018 (print), 1572-9516 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0015-9018",
  bibdate =      "Tue Apr 1 11:27:39 MDT 2025",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/foundphys.bib",
  URL =          "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10701-025-00822-9",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  ajournal =     "Found. Phys.",
  articleno =    "18",
  fjournal =     "Foundations of Physics",
  journal-URL =  "http://link.springer.com/journal/10701",
}


bibtype: proceedings
filename: einstein.bib
label: Earman:1977:FST
editor: John Earman and Clark N. Glymour and John J. Stachel
booktitle: Foundations of space--time theories
title: Foundations of space--time theories
volume: 8
publisher: University of Minnesota Press
address: Minneapolis, MN, USA
pages: xviii + 459
year: 1977
ISBN: 0-8166-0807-5 OR 0816608075
ISBN13: 978-0-8166-0807-2 OR 9780816608072
LCCN: Q175 .M64 vol. 8; QC173.59.S65
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 19:21:21 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 19:21:21 MDT
series: Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science
subject: Space and time; Congresses
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: {Foundations of space--time theories}
raweditor: John Earman and Clark N. Glymour and John J. Stachel
rawtitle: {Foundations of space--time theories}
remark:
Papers from the proceedings of the Conference on the Foundations of Space--Time Theories, held in Minneapolis, May 9--11, 1974 and the Conference on Absolute and Relational Theories of Space and Space--Time, held at Osgood Hill Conference Center of Boston University, June 3--5, 1974.

entry:
@Proceedings{Earman:1977:FST,
  editor =       "John Earman and Clark N. Glymour and John J. Stachel",
  booktitle =    "{Foundations of space--time theories}",
  title =        "{Foundations of space--time theories}",
  volume =       "8",
  publisher =    "University of Minnesota Press",
  address =      "Minneapolis, MN, USA",
  pages =        "xviii + 459",
  year =         "1977",
  ISBN =         "0-8166-0807-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-8166-0807-2",
  LCCN =         "Q175 .M64 vol. 8; QC173.59.S65",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 19:21:21 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  meetingname =  "Conference on the Foundations of Space--time Theories,
                 Minneapolis, Minn., 1974.",
  remark =       "Papers from the proceedings of the Conference on the
                 Foundations of Space--Time Theories, held in
                 Minneapolis, May 9--11, 1974 and the Conference on
                 Absolute and Relational Theories of Space and
                 Space--Time, held at Osgood Hill Conference Center of
                 Boston University, June 3--5, 1974.",
  subject =      "Space and time; Congresses",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Zichichi:1991:GMC
editor: Antonino Zichichi and Venzo de Sabbata and Norma Sanchez
booktitle: Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological constant problem
title: Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological constant problem
volume: 56
publisher: pub-PLENUM
address: pub-PLENUM:adr
pages: xiii + 228
year: 1991
ISBN: 0-306-44054-7 OR 0306440547
ISBN13: 978-0-306-44054-0 OR 9780306440540
LCCN: QC178 .G63 1991
bibdate: Tue Sep 23 14:08:26 MDT 2014
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.23 14:08:26 MDT
series: Ettore Majorana international science series. Physical sciences
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0820/91040369-t.html
remark: Volume in honor of Peter Gabriel Bergmann's 75th birthday.
subject: Gravitation; Congresses
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological constant problem
raweditor: Antonino Zichichi and Venzo de Sabbata and Norma S{\'a}nchez
rawtitle: Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological constant problem
TOC:
My Life / P. G. Bergmann Effective Action Model for the Cosmological Constant Revisited / S. L. Adler Could Final States of Stellar Evolution Proceed towards Naked Singularities? / N. Dallaporta Torsion, Quantum Effects and the Problem of Cosmological Constant / V. de Sabbata et al. Variations of Constants and Exact Solutions in Multidimensional Gravity / S. B. Fadeev et al. Cosmic Strings and Large Scale Structure of the University / F. Li Zhi Null Surface Canonical Formalism / J. N. Goldberg et al. Qualitative Cosmology / I. M. Khalatnikov Third Quantization of Gravity and the Cosmological Constant Problem / G. Lavrelashvili et al. Cosmological Constant, Quantum Cosmology and Anthropic Principle / A. Linde On the Gravitational Field of an Arbitrary Axisymmetric Mass with a Magnetic Dipole Moment / I. D. Novikov et al. Twistors as Spin 3/2 Charges / R. Penrose Experimental Search of Gravitational Waves / G. Pizzella A Simple Model of the Universe without Singularities / N. Rosen et al. String Theory and the Quantization of Gravity / N. Sanchez Projective Unified Field Theory in Context with the Cosmological Term and the Variability of the Gravitational Constant / E. Schmutzer The Introduction of the Cosmological Constant / E. L. Schucking 3 additional articles Index

rawTOC:
My Life / P. G. Bergmann \\ Effective Action Model for the Cosmological Constant Revisited / S. L. Adler \\ Could Final States of Stellar Evolution Proceed towards Naked Singularities? / N. Dallaporta \\ Torsion, Quantum Effects and the Problem of Cosmological Constant / V. de Sabbata et al. \\ Variations of Constants and Exact Solutions in Multidimensional Gravity / S. B. Fadeev et al. \\ Cosmic Strings and Large Scale Structure of the University / F. Li Zhi \\ Null Surface Canonical Formalism / J. N. Goldberg et al. \\ Qualitative Cosmology / I. M. Khalatnikov \\ Third Quantization of Gravity and the Cosmological Constant Problem / G. Lavrelashvili et al. \\ Cosmological Constant, Quantum Cosmology and Anthropic Principle / A. Linde \\ On the Gravitational Field of an Arbitrary Axisymmetric Mass with a Magnetic Dipole Moment / I. D. Novikov et al. \\ Twistors as Spin 3/2 Charges / R. Penrose \\ Experimental Search of Gravitational Waves / G. Pizzella \\ A Simple Model of the Universe without Singularities / N. Rosen et al. \\ String Theory and the Quantization of Gravity / N. S{\'a}nchez \\ Projective Unified Field Theory in Context with the Cosmological Term and the Variability of the Gravitational Constant / E. Schmutzer \\ The Introduction of the Cosmological Constant / E. L. Schucking \\ 3 additional articles \\ Index

entry:
@Book{Zichichi:1991:GMC,
  editor =       "Antonino Zichichi and Venzo de Sabbata and Norma
                 S{\'a}nchez",
  booktitle =    "Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological
                 constant problem",
  title =        "Gravitation and modern cosmology: the cosmological
                 constant problem",
  volume =       "56",
  publisher =    pub-PLENUM,
  address =      pub-PLENUM:adr,
  pages =        "xiii + 228",
  year =         "1991",
  ISBN =         "0-306-44054-7",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-306-44054-0",
  LCCN =         "QC178 .G63 1991",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 23 14:08:26 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dirac-p-a-m.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Ettore Majorana international science series. Physical
                 sciences",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0820/91040369-t.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "Volume in honor of Peter Gabriel Bergmann's 75th
                 birthday.",
  subject =      "Gravitation; Congresses",
  tableofcontents = "My Life / P. G. Bergmann \\
                 Effective Action Model for the Cosmological Constant
                 Revisited / S. L. Adler \\
                 Could Final States of Stellar Evolution Proceed towards
                 Naked Singularities? / N. Dallaporta \\
                 Torsion, Quantum Effects and the Problem of
                 Cosmological Constant / V. de Sabbata et al. \\
                 Variations of Constants and Exact Solutions in
                 Multidimensional Gravity / S. B. Fadeev et al. \\
                 Cosmic Strings and Large Scale Structure of the
                 University / F. Li Zhi \\
                 Null Surface Canonical Formalism / J. N. Goldberg et
                 al. \\
                 Qualitative Cosmology / I. M. Khalatnikov \\
                 Third Quantization of Gravity and the Cosmological
                 Constant Problem / G. Lavrelashvili et al. \\
                 Cosmological Constant, Quantum Cosmology and Anthropic
                 Principle / A. Linde \\
                 On the Gravitational Field of an Arbitrary Axisymmetric
                 Mass with a Magnetic Dipole Moment / I. D. Novikov et
                 al. \\
                 Twistors as Spin 3/2 Charges / R. Penrose \\
                 Experimental Search of Gravitational Waves / G.
                 Pizzella \\
                 A Simple Model of the Universe without Singularities /
                 N. Rosen et al. \\
                 String Theory and the Quantization of Gravity / N.
                 S{\'a}nchez \\
                 Projective Unified Field Theory in Context with the
                 Cosmological Term and the Variability of the
                 Gravitational Constant / E. Schmutzer \\
                 The Introduction of the Cosmological Constant / E. L.
                 Schucking \\
                 3 additional articles \\
                 Index",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Goenner:1999:EWG
editor: Hubert Goenner and Jurgen Renn and Jim Ritter and Tilman Sauer
booktitle: The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity
title: The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity
volume: 7
publisher: pub-BIRKHAUSER
address: pub-BIRKHAUSER:adr
pages: xv + 512
year: 1999
ISBN: 0-8176-4060-6 (hardcover), 3-7643-4060-6 OR 0817640606 (hardcover), 3764340606
ISBN13: 978-0-8176-4060-6 (hardcover), 978-3-7643-4060-5 OR 9780817640606 (hardcover), 9783764340605
LCCN: QC173.6 .E97 1999
bibdate: Tue Sep 30 13:15:38 MDT 2014
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.30 13:15:38 MDT
series: Einstein studies
subject: General relativity (Physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity
raweditor: Hubert Goenner and J{\"u}rgen Renn and Jim Ritter and Tilman Sauer
rawtitle: The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity
TOC:
The Search for Gravitational Absorption in the Early Twentieth Century / Roberto de Andrade Martins Minkowski, Mathematicians, and the Mathematical Theory of Relativity / Scott Walter Heuristics and Mathematical Representation in Einstein's Search for a Gravitational Field Equation / Jurgen Renn and Tilman Sauer Rotation as the Nemesis of Einstein's Entwurf Theory / Michel Janssen Einstein, Relativity and Gravitation Research in Vienna before 1938 / Peter Havas Controversies in the History of the Radiation Reaction Problem in General Relativity / Daniel Kennefick The Penrose--Hawking Singularity Theorems: History and Implications / John Earman The Cosmological Woes of Newtonian Gravitation Theory / John D. Norton Genesis and Evolution of Weyl's Reflections on De Sitter's Universe / Silvio Bergia and Lucia Mazzoni Milne, Bondi and the `Second Way' to Cosmology / George Gale and John Urani Steady-State Cosmology and General Relativity: Reconciliation or Conflict? / Helge Kragh Larmor versus General Relativity / Jose M. Sanchez-Ron Kretschmann's Analysis of Covariance and Relativity Principles / Robert Rynasiewicz Point Coincidences and Pointer Coincidences: Einstein on the Invariant Content of Space--Time Theories / Don Howard

rawTOC:
The Search for Gravitational Absorption in the Early Twentieth Century / Roberto de Andrade Martins \\ Minkowski, Mathematicians, and the Mathematical Theory of Relativity / Scott Walter \\ Heuristics and Mathematical Representation in Einstein's Search for a Gravitational Field Equation / Jurgen Renn and Tilman Sauer \\ Rotation as the Nemesis of Einstein's Entwurf Theory / Michel Janssen \\ Einstein, Relativity and Gravitation Research in Vienna before 1938 / Peter Havas \\ Controversies in the History of the Radiation Reaction Problem in General Relativity / Daniel Kennefick \\ The Penrose--Hawking Singularity Theorems: History and Implications / John Earman \\ The Cosmological Woes of Newtonian Gravitation Theory / John D. Norton \\ Genesis and Evolution of Weyl's Reflections on De Sitter's Universe / Silvio Bergia and Lucia Mazzoni \\ Milne, Bondi and the `Second Way' to Cosmology / George Gale and John Urani \\ Steady-State Cosmology and General Relativity: Reconciliation or Conflict? / Helge Kragh \\ Larmor versus General Relativity / Jose M. Sanchez-Ron \\ Kretschmann's Analysis of Covariance and Relativity Principles / Robert Rynasiewicz \\ Point Coincidences and Pointer Coincidences: Einstein on the Invariant Content of Space--Time Theories / Don Howard

entry:
@Book{Goenner:1999:EWG,
  editor =       "Hubert Goenner and J{\"u}rgen Renn and Jim Ritter and
                 Tilman Sauer",
  booktitle =    "The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity",
  title =        "The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity",
  volume =       "7",
  publisher =    pub-BIRKHAUSER,
  address =      pub-BIRKHAUSER:adr,
  pages =        "xv + 512",
  year =         "1999",
  ISBN =         "0-8176-4060-6 (hardcover), 3-7643-4060-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-8176-4060-6 (hardcover), 978-3-7643-4060-5",
  LCCN =         "QC173.6 .E97 1999",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 30 13:15:38 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/jhistastron.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Einstein studies",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "General relativity (Physics)",
  tableofcontents = "The Search for Gravitational Absorption in the
                 Early Twentieth Century / Roberto de Andrade Martins
                 \\
                 Minkowski, Mathematicians, and the Mathematical Theory
                 of Relativity / Scott Walter \\
                 Heuristics and Mathematical Representation in
                 Einstein's Search for a Gravitational Field Equation /
                 Jurgen Renn and Tilman Sauer \\
                 Rotation as the Nemesis of Einstein's Entwurf Theory /
                 Michel Janssen \\
                 Einstein, Relativity and Gravitation Research in Vienna
                 before 1938 / Peter Havas \\
                 Controversies in the History of the Radiation Reaction
                 Problem in General Relativity / Daniel Kennefick \\
                 The Penrose--Hawking Singularity Theorems: History and
                 Implications / John Earman \\
                 The Cosmological Woes of Newtonian Gravitation Theory /
                 John D. Norton \\
                 Genesis and Evolution of Weyl's Reflections on De
                 Sitter's Universe / Silvio Bergia and Lucia Mazzoni
                 \\
                 Milne, Bondi and the `Second Way' to Cosmology / George
                 Gale and John Urani \\
                 Steady-State Cosmology and General Relativity:
                 Reconciliation or Conflict? / Helge Kragh \\
                 Larmor versus General Relativity / Jose M. Sanchez-Ron
                 \\
                 Kretschmann's Analysis of Covariance and Relativity
                 Principles / Robert Rynasiewicz \\
                 Point Coincidences and Pointer Coincidences: Einstein
                 on the Invariant Content of Space--Time Theories / Don
                 Howard",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: DeSabbata:2004:GCG
editor: Venzo De Sabbata and George T. Gillies and Vitalii Nikolaevich Mel'nikov
booktitle: The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational theories and experiments
title: The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational theories and experiments
volume: 141
publisher: pub-KLUWER
address: pub-KLUWER:adr
pages: xxix + 416
year: 2004
ISBN: 1-4020-1955-6, 1-4020-2242-5 (e-book) OR 1402019556, 1402022425 (ebook)
ISBN13: 978-1-4020-1955-5, 978-1-4020-2242-5 (e-book) OR 9781402019555, 9781402022425 (ebook)
LCCN: QB341 .G74 2003
bibdate: Tue Sep 9 07:20:35 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.09 07:20:35 MDT
series: NATO science series. Series II, Mathematics, physics, and chemistry
subject: Gravitation; Congresses; Experiments
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational theories and experiments
raweditor: Venzo {De Sabbata} and George T. Gillies and Vitalii Nikolaevich Mel'nikov
rawtitle: The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational theories and experiments
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0814/2004042148-d.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0814/2004042148-t.html

TOC:
Memorial day: Peter G. Bergmann Preface Screening and Absorption of Gravitation in the Pre-Relativistic and Relativistic Theories / H.-H. Von Borzeszkowski, H.-J. Treder Conformal Frames and $D$-Dimensional Gravity / K. A. Bronnikov, V. N. Melnikov Graviton Exchange and Gravitational Constant / M. J. Clark Some Base for Quantum Gravity / V. de Sabbata, L. Ronchetti Brane-Inspired Models in Gravitation and Cosmology / D. Gal'tsov Experimental test of a Time-Temperature formulation of the Uncertainty Principle / G. T. Gillies, S. W. Allison The Newtonian Gravitational Constant: Present Status and Direction for future Research / G. T. Gillies, C. S. Unnikrishnan Toward testing the Fundamental physics by SNIa data / W. Godlowski et al Investigation of Schmutzer's Exact External spherically Symmetric Static solution for a Central Body within the framework of the 5-Dimensional Projective Unified Field theory / A. Gorbatsievich On exact solutions in Multidimensional Gravity with antisymmetric forms / V. D. Ivashchuk 5D Gravity and the discrepant $G$ measurements / J P. Mbelek 2-component cosmological models with perfect fluid and scalar field: exact solution / V. N. Melnikov, V. R. Gravilov Constraints on Non-Newtonian Gravity from recent Casimir Force Measurements / V. M. Mostepanenko Searching for Scalar-Tensor Gravity with Lunar Laser Ranging / K. Nordtvedt Is a hypothetical Long Range Spin Interaction Observable with a Laboratory Dectector? / R. C. Ritter, G. T. Gillies Prospects for a Space-Based determination of $G$ with an error below 1PPM / A. J. Sanders, G. T. Gillies Projective Unified Field Theory revisited and adapted to the new measured values (WMAP). New results refer to approximate static interior and exterior solution of a spherically symmetric perfect fluid sphere with applications to celestial bodies, Einstein effects with particular treatment of the perihelion shift of Mercury including the quadrupole moment of the sun / E. Schmutzer The Interface of Quantum Mechanics and Gravity / C. S. Unnikrishnan Quaternion Program / A. P. Yefremov Subject Index

rawTOC:
Memorial day: Peter G. Bergmann \\ Preface \\ Screening and Absorption of Gravitation in the Pre-Relativistic and Relativistic Theories / H.-H. Von Borzeszkowski, H.-J. Treder \\ Conformal Frames and $D$-Dimensional Gravity / K. A. Bronnikov, V. N. Melnikov \\ Graviton Exchange and Gravitational Constant / M. J. Clark \\ Some Base for Quantum Gravity / V. de Sabbata, L. Ronchetti \\ Brane-Inspired Models in Gravitation and Cosmology / D. Gal'tsov \\ Experimental test of a Time-Temperature formulation of the Uncertainty Principle / G. T. Gillies, S. W. Allison \\ The Newtonian Gravitational Constant: Present Status and Direction for future Research / G. T. Gillies, C. S. Unnikrishnan \\ Toward testing the Fundamental physics by SNIa data / W. Godlowski et al \\ Investigation of Schmutzer's Exact External spherically Symmetric Static solution for a Central Body within the framework of the 5-Dimensional Projective Unified Field theory / A. Gorbatsievich \\ On exact solutions in Multidimensional Gravity with antisymmetric forms / V. D. Ivashchuk \\ 5D Gravity and the discrepant $G$ measurements / J \\ P. Mbelek \\ 2-component cosmological models with perfect fluid and scalar field: exact solution / V. N. Melnikov, V. R. Gravilov \\ Constraints on Non-Newtonian Gravity from recent Casimir Force Measurements / V. M. Mostepanenko \\ Searching for Scalar-Tensor Gravity with Lunar Laser Ranging / K. Nordtvedt \\ Is a hypothetical Long Range Spin Interaction Observable with a Laboratory Dectector? / R. C. Ritter, G. T. Gillies \\ Prospects for a Space-Based determination of $G$ with an error below 1PPM / A. J. Sanders, G. T. Gillies \\ Projective Unified Field Theory revisited and adapted to the new measured values (WMAP). New results refer to approximate static interior and exterior solution of a spherically symmetric perfect fluid sphere with applications to celestial bodies, Einstein effects with particular treatment of the perihelion shift of Mercury including the quadrupole moment of the sun / E. Schmutzer \\ The Interface of Quantum Mechanics and Gravity / C. S. Unnikrishnan \\ Quaternion Program / A. P. Yefremov \\ Subject Index

entry:
@Book{DeSabbata:2004:GCG,
  editor =       "Venzo {De Sabbata} and George T. Gillies and Vitalii
                 Nikolaevich Mel'nikov",
  booktitle =    "The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational
                 theories and experiments",
  title =        "The gravitational constant: generalized gravitational
                 theories and experiments",
  volume =       "141",
  publisher =    pub-KLUWER,
  address =      pub-KLUWER:adr,
  pages =        "xxix + 416",
  year =         "2004",
  ISBN =         "1-4020-1955-6, 1-4020-2242-5 (e-book)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-4020-1955-5, 978-1-4020-2242-5 (e-book)",
  LCCN =         "QB341 .G74 2003",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 9 07:20:35 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "NATO science series. Series II, Mathematics, physics,
                 and chemistry",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0814/2004042148-d.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0814/2004042148-t.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  meetingname =  "NATO Advanced Study Institute on the Gravitational
                 Constant: Generalized Gravitational Theories and
                 Experiments (2003 : Erice, Italy)",
  subject =      "Gravitation; Congresses; Experiments",
  tableofcontents = "Memorial day: Peter G. Bergmann \\
                 Preface \\
                 Screening and Absorption of Gravitation in the
                 Pre-Relativistic and Relativistic Theories / H.-H. Von
                 Borzeszkowski, H.-J. Treder \\
                 Conformal Frames and $D$-Dimensional Gravity / K. A.
                 Bronnikov, V. N. Melnikov \\
                 Graviton Exchange and Gravitational Constant / M. J.
                 Clark \\
                 Some Base for Quantum Gravity / V. de Sabbata, L.
                 Ronchetti \\
                 Brane-Inspired Models in Gravitation and Cosmology / D.
                 Gal'tsov \\
                 Experimental test of a Time-Temperature formulation of
                 the Uncertainty Principle / G. T. Gillies, S. W.
                 Allison \\
                 The Newtonian Gravitational Constant: Present Status
                 and Direction for future Research / G. T. Gillies, C.
                 S. Unnikrishnan \\
                 Toward testing the Fundamental physics by SNIa data /
                 W. Godlowski et al \\
                 Investigation of Schmutzer's Exact External spherically
                 Symmetric Static solution for a Central Body within the
                 framework of the 5-Dimensional Projective Unified Field
                 theory / A. Gorbatsievich \\
                 On exact solutions in Multidimensional Gravity with
                 antisymmetric forms / V. D. Ivashchuk \\
                 5D Gravity and the discrepant $G$ measurements / J \\
                 P. Mbelek \\
                 2-component cosmological models with perfect fluid and
                 scalar field: exact solution / V. N. Melnikov, V. R.
                 Gravilov \\
                 Constraints on Non-Newtonian Gravity from recent
                 Casimir Force Measurements / V. M. Mostepanenko \\
                 Searching for Scalar-Tensor Gravity with Lunar Laser
                 Ranging / K. Nordtvedt \\
                 Is a hypothetical Long Range Spin Interaction
                 Observable with a Laboratory Dectector? / R. C. Ritter,
                 G. T. Gillies \\
                 Prospects for a Space-Based determination of $G$ with
                 an error below 1PPM / A. J. Sanders, G. T. Gillies \\
                 Projective Unified Field Theory revisited and adapted
                 to the new measured values (WMAP). New results refer to
                 approximate static interior and exterior solution of a
                 spherically symmetric perfect fluid sphere with
                 applications to celestial bodies, Einstein effects with
                 particular treatment of the perihelion shift of Mercury
                 including the quadrupole moment of the sun / E.
                 Schmutzer \\
                 The Interface of Quantum Mechanics and Gravity / C. S.
                 Unnikrishnan \\
                 Quaternion Program / A. P. Yefremov \\
                 Subject Index",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Reimer:2005:SPR
editor: Albert Reimer
booktitle: Spacetime physics research trends
title: Spacetime physics research trends
volume: 248
publisher: Nova Science Publishers
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: xi + 169
year: 2005
ISBN: 1-59454-322-4 OR 1594543224
ISBN13: 978-1-59454-322-7 OR 9781594543227
LCCN: QC1 .A4114 vol. 248; QC173.59.S65
bibdate: Wed Jun 6 08:25:49 MDT 2012
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2012.06.06 08:25:49 MDT
series: Horizons in world physics
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip058/2005005502.html
subject: Space and time; Research; General relativity (Physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: Spacetime physics research trends
raweditor: Albert Reimer
rawtitle: Spacetime physics research trends
TOC:
Preface Field Theory and the Essence of Time / Ivanhoe Pestov Cosmic Time Paradox in Quantum Cosmology / E. I. Guendelman and A. B. Kaganovich Cover Schemes, Frame-Valued Sets and Their Potential Uses in Spacetime Physics / John L. Bell A Global and Non-Entropic Approach to the Problem of the Arrow of Time / Mario Castagnino and Olimpia Lombardi Light in Metric Space--time and its Deflection by the Screw Dislocation / Miroslav Pardy Motion of Extended Body on Curved Spacetime / Akira Ohashi Index

rawTOC:
Preface \\ Field Theory and the Essence of Time / Ivanhoe Pestov \\ Cosmic Time Paradox in Quantum Cosmology / E. I. Guendelman and A. B. Kaganovich \\ Cover Schemes, Frame-Valued Sets and Their Potential Uses in Spacetime Physics / John L. Bell \\ A Global and Non-Entropic Approach to the Problem of the Arrow of Time / Mario Castagnino and Olimpia Lombardi \\ Light in Metric Space--time and its Deflection by the Screw Dislocation / Miroslav Pardy \\ Motion of Extended Body on Curved Spacetime / Akira Ohashi \\ Index

entry:
@Book{Reimer:2005:SPR,
  editor =       "Albert Reimer",
  booktitle =    "Spacetime physics research trends",
  title =        "Spacetime physics research trends",
  volume =       "248",
  publisher =    "Nova Science Publishers",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "xi + 169",
  year =         "2005",
  ISBN =         "1-59454-322-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-59454-322-7",
  LCCN =         "QC1 .A4114 vol. 248; QC173.59.S65",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jun 6 08:25:49 MDT 2012",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Horizons in world physics",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip058/2005005502.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Space and time; Research; General relativity
                 (Physics)",
  tableofcontents = "Preface \\
                 Field Theory and the Essence of Time / Ivanhoe Pestov
                 \\
                 Cosmic Time Paradox in Quantum Cosmology / E. I.
                 Guendelman and A. B. Kaganovich \\
                 Cover Schemes, Frame-Valued Sets and Their Potential
                 Uses in Spacetime Physics / John L. Bell \\
                 A Global and Non-Entropic Approach to the Problem of
                 the Arrow of Time / Mario Castagnino and Olimpia
                 Lombardi \\
                 Light in Metric Space--time and its Deflection by the
                 Screw Dislocation / Miroslav Pardy \\
                 Motion of Extended Body on Curved Spacetime / Akira
                 Ohashi \\
                 Index",
}


bibtype: proceedings
filename: einstein.bib
label: Lehmkuhl:2016:TTS
editor: Dennis Lehmkuhl and Gregor Schiemann and Erhard Scholz
booktitle: Towards a theory of spacetime theories
title: Towards a theory of spacetime theories
publisher: pub-SV
address: pub-SV:adr
pages: viii + 335
year: 2016
ISBN: 1-4939-3209-8 (hardcover), 1-4939-3210-1 (e-book) OR 1493932098 (hardcover), 1493932101 (ebook)
LCCN: QC173.59.S65 T69 2017
bibdate: Tue Jun 6 07:42:44 MDT 2017
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2017.06.06 07:42:44 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawbooktitle: Towards a theory of spacetime theories
raweditor: Dennis Lehmkuhl and Gregor Schiemann and Erhard Scholz
rawtitle: Towards a theory of spacetime theories
ISBN13:
978-1-4939-3209-2 (hardcover), 978-1-4939-3210-8 (e-book) OR 9781493932092 (hardcover), 9781493932108 (ebook)

abstract:
This contributed volume is the result of a July 2010 workshop at the University of Wuppertal Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and Technology Studies which brought together world-wide experts from physics, philosophy and history, in order to address a set of questions first posed in the 1950s: How do we compare spacetime theories? How do we judge, objectively, which is the zbesty theory? Is there even a unique answer to this question? The goal of the workshop, and of this book, is to contribute to the development of a meta-theory of spacetime theories. Such a meta-theory would reveal insights about specific spacetime theories by distilling their essential similarities and differences, deliver a framework for a class of theories that could be helpful as a blueprint to build other meta-theories, and provide a higher level viewpoint for judging which theory most accurately describes nature. But rather than drawing a map in broad strokes, the focus is on particularly rich regions in the zspace of spacetime theories.y This work will be of interest to physicists, as well as philosophers and historians of science working with or interested in General Relativity and/or Space, Time and Gravitation more generally.

remark:
This book is the outgrowth of a conference organized at the Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and Technology Studies (IZWT) of the University of Wuppertal, Germany, in 2010, July 21--23.

subject:
Space and time; SCIENCE / Energy; SCIENCE / Mechanics / General; SCIENCE / Physics / General; Space and time; Mathematics; History of Mathematical Sciences; Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics; Mathematical Physics; Differential Geometry

TOC:
Inertial Motion, Explanation, and the Foundations of Classical Spacetime Theories A Primer on Energy Conditions Background Independence, Diffeomorphism Invariance, and the Meaning of Coordinates Gauge Theory of Gravity and Spacetime Paving the Way for Transitions A Case for Weyl Geometry A Model-theoretic Analysis of Spacetime Theories The Relativity and Equivalence Principles for Self-gravitating Systems The Physical Significance of Symmetries from the Perspective of Conservation Laws Raisers of the Lost Spacetime Does Time Exist in Quantum Gravity?

rawabstract:
This contributed volume is the result of a July 2010 workshop at the University of Wuppertal Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and Technology Studies which brought together world-wide experts from physics, philosophy and history, in order to address a set of questions first posed in the 1950s: How do we compare spacetime theories? How do we judge, objectively, which is the zbesty theory? Is there even a unique answer to this question? The goal of the workshop, and of this book, is to contribute to the development of a meta-theory of spacetime theories. Such a meta-theory would reveal insights about specific spacetime theories by distilling their essential similarities and differences, deliver a framework for a class of theories that could be helpful as a blueprint to build other meta-theories, and provide a higher level viewpoint for judging which theory most accurately describes nature. But rather than drawing a map in broad strokes, the focus is on particularly rich regions in the zspace of spacetime theories.y This work will be of interest to physicists, as well as philosophers and historians of science working with or interested in General Relativity and/or Space, Time and Gravitation more generally.

rawTOC:
Inertial Motion, Explanation, and the Foundations of Classical Spacetime Theories \\ A Primer on Energy Conditions \\ Background Independence, Diffeomorphism Invariance, and the Meaning of Coordinates \\ Gauge Theory of Gravity and Spacetime \\ Paving the Way for Transitions \\ A Case for Weyl Geometry \\ A Model-theoretic Analysis of Spacetime Theories \\ The Relativity and Equivalence Principles for Self-gravitating Systems \\ The Physical Significance of Symmetries from the Perspective of Conservation Laws \\ Raisers of the Lost Spacetime \\ Does Time Exist in Quantum Gravity?

entry:
@Proceedings{Lehmkuhl:2016:TTS,
  editor =       "Dennis Lehmkuhl and Gregor Schiemann and Erhard
                 Scholz",
  booktitle =    "Towards a theory of spacetime theories",
  title =        "Towards a theory of spacetime theories",
  publisher =    pub-SV,
  address =      pub-SV:adr,
  pages =        "viii + 335",
  year =         "2016",
  ISBN =         "1-4939-3209-8 (hardcover), 1-4939-3210-1 (e-book)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-4939-3209-2 (hardcover), 978-1-4939-3210-8
                 (e-book)",
  LCCN =         "QC173.59.S65 T69 2017",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jun 6 07:42:44 MDT 2017",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  abstract =     "This contributed volume is the result of a July 2010
                 workshop at the University of Wuppertal
                 Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and Technology
                 Studies which brought together world-wide experts from
                 physics, philosophy and history, in order to address a
                 set of questions first posed in the 1950s: How do we
                 compare spacetime theories? How do we judge,
                 objectively, which is the zbesty theory? Is there even
                 a unique answer to this question? The goal of the
                 workshop, and of this book, is to contribute to the
                 development of a meta-theory of spacetime theories.
                 Such a meta-theory would reveal insights about specific
                 spacetime theories by distilling their essential
                 similarities and differences, deliver a framework for a
                 class of theories that could be helpful as a blueprint
                 to build other meta-theories, and provide a higher
                 level viewpoint for judging which theory most
                 accurately describes nature. But rather than drawing a
                 map in broad strokes, the focus is on particularly rich
                 regions in the zspace of spacetime theories.y This work
                 will be of interest to physicists, as well as
                 philosophers and historians of science working with or
                 interested in General Relativity and/or Space, Time and
                 Gravitation more generally.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "This book is the outgrowth of a conference organized
                 at the Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and
                 Technology Studies (IZWT) of the University of
                 Wuppertal, Germany, in 2010, July 21--23.",
  subject =      "Space and time; SCIENCE / Energy; SCIENCE / Mechanics
                 / General; SCIENCE / Physics / General; Space and time;
                 Mathematics; History of Mathematical Sciences;
                 Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics;
                 Mathematical Physics; Differential Geometry",
  tableofcontents = "Inertial Motion, Explanation, and the Foundations
                 of Classical Spacetime Theories \\
                 A Primer on Energy Conditions \\
                 Background Independence, Diffeomorphism Invariance, and
                 the Meaning of Coordinates \\
                 Gauge Theory of Gravity and Spacetime \\
                 Paving the Way for Transitions \\
                 A Case for Weyl Geometry \\
                 A Model-theoretic Analysis of Spacetime Theories \\
                 The Relativity and Equivalence Principles for
                 Self-gravitating Systems \\
                 The Physical Significance of Symmetries from the
                 Perspective of Conservation Laws \\
                 Raisers of the Lost Spacetime \\
                 Does Time Exist in Quantum Gravity?",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Silberstein:1930:SUA
author: Ludwik Silberstein
title: The size of the universe: attempts at a determination of the curvature radius of spacetime
publisher: pub-OXFORD
address: pub-OXFORD:adr
pages: viii + 215 + 1
year: 1930
LCCN: QC6 .S48
bibdate: Thu Dec 15 06:51:23 MST 2011
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2011.12.15 06:51:23 MST
subject: Relativity (Physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1872--
rawauthor: Ludwik Silberstein
rawtitle: The size of the universe: attempts at a determination of the curvature radius of spacetime
entry:
@Book{Silberstein:1930:SUA,
  author =       "Ludwik Silberstein",
  title =        "The size of the universe: attempts at a determination
                 of the curvature radius of spacetime",
  publisher =    pub-OXFORD,
  address =      pub-OXFORD:adr,
  pages =        "viii + 215 + 1",
  year =         "1930",
  LCCN =         "QC6 .S48",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 15 06:51:23 MST 2011",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1872--",
  subject =      "Relativity (Physics)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1930:MUa
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: viii + 154
year: 1930
LCCN: Q171 .J37
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
remark:
An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in cite Jeans:1976:MU.

entry:
@Book{Jeans:1930:MUa,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "viii + 154",
  year =         "1930",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  remark =       "An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the
                 University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in
                 \cite{Jeans:1976:MU}.",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1930:MUb
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: The Macmillan Company
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: viii + 2 + 163
year: 1930
LCCN: Q171 .J37
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
remark:
An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in cite Jeans:1976:MU.

entry:
@Book{Jeans:1930:MUb,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    "The Macmillan Company",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "viii + 2 + 163",
  year =         "1930",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  remark =       "An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the
                 University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in
                 \cite{Jeans:1976:MU}.",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1932:MU
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
edition: Second
pages: viii + 142
year: 1932
LCCN: Q171 .J37
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
remark:
An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in cite Jeans:1976:MU.

entry:
@Book{Jeans:1932:MU,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  edition =      "Second",
  pages =        "viii + 142",
  year =         "1932",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  remark =       "An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the
                 University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in
                 \cite{Jeans:1976:MU}.",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1938:MU
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: pub-PENGUIN
address: pub-PENGUIN:adr
edition: Second
pages: ix + 192
year: 1938
LCCN: Q171 .J37
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
entry:
@Book{Jeans:1938:MU,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    pub-PENGUIN,
  address =      pub-PENGUIN:adr,
  edition =      "Second",
  pages =        "ix + 192",
  year =         "1938",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  remark =       "An expansion of the Rede lecture delivered before the
                 University of Cambridge in November 1930. Reprinted in
                 \cite{Jeans:1976:MU}.",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1943:MU
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
edition: Second
pages: viii + 142
year: 1943
LCCN: Q171 .J37 1948
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
entry:
@Book{Jeans:1943:MU,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  edition =      "Second",
  pages =        "viii + 142",
  year =         "1943",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37 1948",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1948:MU
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: 142
year: 1948
LCCN: Q171 .J37 1948
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
entry:
@Book{Jeans:1948:MU,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "142",
  year =         "1948",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37 1948",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Robinson:1950:ORS
author: George O. Robinson
title: The Oak Ridge story; the saga of a people who share in history
publisher: Southern Publishers
address: Kingsport, TN, USA
pages: 181
year: 1950
LCCN: F444.O3 R6
bibdate: Sun Aug 16 10:59:47 MDT 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.08.16 10:59:47 MDT
subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: George O. Robinson
rawtitle: The {Oak Ridge} story; the saga of a people who share in history
entry:
@Book{Robinson:1950:ORS,
  author =       "George O. Robinson",
  title =        "The {Oak Ridge} story; the saga of a people who share
                 in history",
  publisher =    "Southern Publishers",
  address =      "Kingsport, TN, USA",
  pages =        "181",
  year =         "1950",
  LCCN =         "F444.O3 R6",
  bibdate =      "Sun Aug 16 10:59:47 MDT 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Oak Ridge (Tenn.)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Schrodinger:1956:EU
author: Erwin Schrodinger
title: Expanding universes
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: viii + 93
year: 1956
LCCN: QB500 .S36
bibdate: Thu Dec 15 06:42:08 2011
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2011.12.15 06:42:08 ???
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1887--1961
rawauthor: Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger
rawtitle: Expanding universes
entry:
@Book{Schrodinger:1956:EU,
  author =       "Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger",
  title =        "Expanding universes",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "viii + 93",
  year =         "1956",
  LCCN =         "QB500 .S36",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 15 06:42:08 2011",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1887--1961",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Gardner:1962:RMC
author: Martin Gardner
title: Relativity for the million
publisher: pub-MACMILLAN
address: pub-MACMILLAN:adr
pages: 182
year: 1962
LCCN: QC6 .G28
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 06:07:28 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 06:07:28 MDT
note: Illustrated by Anthony Ravielli.
remark: Revised edition published in 1976 cite Gardner:1976:RE.
subject: Relativity (physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914 -- May 22, 2010)
rawauthor: Martin Gardner
rawnote: Illustrated by Anthony Ravielli.
rawtitle: {Relativity} for the million
entry:
@Book{Gardner:1962:RMC,
  author =       "Martin Gardner",
  title =        "{Relativity} for the million",
  publisher =    pub-MACMILLAN,
  address =      pub-MACMILLAN:adr,
  pages =        "182",
  year =         "1962",
  LCCN =         "QC6 .G28",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 06:07:28 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  note =         "Illustrated by Anthony Ravielli.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914 -- May 22, 2010)",
  remark =       "Revised edition published in 1976
                 \cite{Gardner:1976:RE}.",
  subject =      "Relativity (physics)",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Berger:1968:CPT
author: George Berger
title: The Conceptual Possibility of Time Travel
journal: j-BRITISH-J-PHILOS-SCI
volume: 19
number: 2
pages: 152--155
month: aug
monthnumber: 8
year: 1968
CODEN: BJPIA5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/19.2.152
ISSN: 0007-0882 (print), 1464-3537 (electronic) OR 00070882 (print), 14643537 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0007-0882 OR 00070882
bibdate: Thu Oct 7 14:02:35 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2.toc; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.10.07 14:02:35 MDT
URL: http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/152.full.pdf+html
fjournal: British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: George Berger
rawtitle: The Conceptual Possibility of Time Travel
entry:
@Article{Berger:1968:CPT,
  author =       "George Berger",
  title =        "The Conceptual Possibility of Time Travel",
  journal =      j-BRITISH-J-PHILOS-SCI,
  volume =       "19",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "152--155",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "1968",
  CODEN =        "BJPIA5",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/19.2.152",
  ISSN =         "0007-0882 (print), 1464-3537 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0007-0882",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 7 14:02:35 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2.toc;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/152.full.pdf+html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "British Journal for the Philosophy of Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Bergmann:1968:RG
author: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
title: The riddle of gravitation
publisher: Scribner
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: xvi + 270
year: 1968
LCCN: QC6 .B454
bibdate: Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014
bibtimestamp: 2014.08.08 06:59:44 MDT
subject: Relativity (Physics); Gravitation
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
rawtitle: The riddle of gravitation
TOC:
Introduction: The Scope of Gravitation / 3 I / Newtonian Physics and Special Relativity 1 Early History / 9 2 Relativity of Motion / 19 3 The Universal Speed of Light / 25 4 The Special Theory of Relativity / 30 5 Minkowski's Four-dimensional World / 39 / 6 Mass, Energy, Momentum / 54 7 Flat Space Curved Space / 65 II / General Relativity 8Relativity and Gravitation / 77 9 The Relativity of Free Fall / 84 10 The Principle of General Covariance / 93 11 Curved Space--time / 98 12 Gravitation in the Space--time Continuum / 104 13 Schwarzschild's Solution / 114 14 Inside the Schwarzschild Radius / 126 15 Event Horizons / 132 III / Recent Developments 16 Gravitational Collapse / 157 17 Gravitational Radiation / 162 18 The Search for Gravitational Waves / 168 19 Cosmology / 172 20 Current Observational Programs / 184 21 Particle Motion / 192 22 Quantum Theory of Gravitation / 197 23 What Is an Observable? / 201 24 Space--time Today and Tomorrow / 206 Appendixes I The Equal-Areas Law of Kepler / 213 II Derivation of the Inverse-Square Law of Force / 216 III The Lorentz Transformation / 219 IV The Schwarzschild Radius / 226 V Gravitational Radiation / 229 VI Powers of 10 and Units of Measurement / 233 Glossary / 235 Suggestions for Further Reading / 261 Index / 265

rawTOC:
Introduction: The Scope of Gravitation / 3 \\ I / Newtonian Physics and Special Relativity 1 Early History / 9 \\ 2 Relativity of Motion / 19 \\ 3 The Universal Speed of Light / 25 \\ 4 The Special Theory of Relativity / 30 \\ 5 Minkowski's Four-dimensional World / 39 \\ / 6 Mass, Energy, Momentum / 54 \\ 7 Flat Space Curved Space / 65 \\ II / General Relativity 8Relativity and Gravitation / 77 \\ 9 The Relativity of Free Fall / 84 \\ 10 The Principle of General Covariance / 93 \\ 11 Curved Space--time / 98 \\ 12 Gravitation in the Space--time Continuum / 104 \\ 13 Schwarzschild's Solution / 114 \\ 14 Inside the Schwarzschild Radius / 126 \\ 15 Event Horizons / 132 \\ III / Recent Developments 16 Gravitational Collapse / 157 \\ 17 Gravitational Radiation / 162 \\ 18 The Search for Gravitational Waves / 168 \\ 19 Cosmology / 172 \\ 20 Current Observational Programs / 184 \\ 21 Particle Motion / 192 \\ 22 Quantum Theory of Gravitation / 197 \\ 23 What Is an Observable? / 201 \\ 24 Space--time Today and Tomorrow / 206 \\ Appendixes I The Equal-Areas Law of Kepler / 213 \\ II Derivation of the Inverse-Square Law of Force / 216 \\ III The Lorentz Transformation / 219 \\ IV The Schwarzschild Radius / 226 \\ V Gravitational Radiation / 229 \\ VI Powers of 10 and Units of Measurement / 233 \\ Glossary / 235 \\ Suggestions for Further Reading / 261 \\ Index / 265

entry:
@Book{Bergmann:1968:RG,
  author =       "Peter Gabriel Bergmann",
  title =        "The riddle of gravitation",
  publisher =    "Scribner",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "xvi + 270",
  year =         "1968",
  LCCN =         "QC6 .B454",
  bibdate =      "Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (Physics); Gravitation",
  tableofcontents = "Introduction: The Scope of Gravitation / 3 \\
                 I / Newtonian Physics and Special Relativity 1 Early
                 History / 9 \\
                 2 Relativity of Motion / 19 \\
                 3 The Universal Speed of Light / 25 \\
                 4 The Special Theory of Relativity / 30 \\
                 5 Minkowski's Four-dimensional World / 39 \\
                 / 6 Mass, Energy, Momentum / 54 \\
                 7 Flat Space Curved Space / 65 \\
                 II / General Relativity 8Relativity and Gravitation /
                 77 \\
                 9 The Relativity of Free Fall / 84 \\
                 10 The Principle of General Covariance / 93 \\
                 11 Curved Space--time / 98 \\
                 12 Gravitation in the Space--time Continuum / 104 \\
                 13 Schwarzschild's Solution / 114 \\
                 14 Inside the Schwarzschild Radius / 126 \\
                 15 Event Horizons / 132 \\
                 III / Recent Developments 16 Gravitational Collapse /
                 157 \\
                 17 Gravitational Radiation / 162 \\
                 18 The Search for Gravitational Waves / 168 \\
                 19 Cosmology / 172 \\
                 20 Current Observational Programs / 184 \\
                 21 Particle Motion / 192 \\
                 22 Quantum Theory of Gravitation / 197 \\
                 23 What Is an Observable? / 201 \\
                 24 Space--time Today and Tomorrow / 206 \\
                 Appendixes I The Equal-Areas Law of Kepler / 213 \\
                 II Derivation of the Inverse-Square Law of Force / 216
                 \\
                 III The Lorentz Transformation / 219 \\
                 IV The Schwarzschild Radius / 226 \\
                 V Gravitational Radiation / 229 \\
                 VI Powers of 10 and Units of Measurement / 233 \\
                 Glossary / 235 \\
                 Suggestions for Further Reading / 261 \\
                 Index / 265",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Bergmann:1969:RG
author: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
title: The riddle of gravitation
publisher: J. Murray
address: London, UK
pages: xvi + 271
year: 1969
ISBN: 0-7195-1919-5 OR 0719519195
ISBN13: 978-0-7195-1919-2 OR 9780719519192
LCCN: QC6 .B454 1969
bibdate: Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.08.08 06:59:44 MDT
subject: Relativity (Physics); Gravitation
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
rawtitle: The riddle of gravitation
entry:
@Book{Bergmann:1969:RG,
  author =       "Peter Gabriel Bergmann",
  title =        "The riddle of gravitation",
  publisher =    "J. Murray",
  address =      "London, UK",
  pages =        "xvi + 271",
  year =         "1969",
  ISBN =         "0-7195-1919-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-7195-1919-2",
  LCCN =         "QC6 .B454 1969",
  bibdate =      "Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (Physics); Gravitation",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Gardner:1976:RE
author: Martin Gardner
title: The Relativity explosion
publisher: pub-VINTAGE
address: pub-VINTAGE:adr
pages: xi + 198
year: 1976
ISBN: 0-394-72104-7 OR 0394721047
ISBN13: 978-0-394-72104-0 OR 9780394721040
LCCN: QC173.57 .G37 1976
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 06:04:55 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 06:04:55 MDT
remark: A completely revised and updated edition of em Relativity for the million cite Gardner:1962:RMC.
subject: Relativity (physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914 -- May 22, 2010)
rawauthor: Martin Gardner
rawtitle: The {Relativity} explosion
entry:
@Book{Gardner:1976:RE,
  author =       "Martin Gardner",
  title =        "The {Relativity} explosion",
  publisher =    pub-VINTAGE,
  address =      pub-VINTAGE:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 198",
  year =         "1976",
  ISBN =         "0-394-72104-7",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-394-72104-0",
  LCCN =         "QC173.57 .G37 1976",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 06:04:55 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914 -- May 22, 2010)",
  remark =       "A completely revised and updated edition of {\em
                 Relativity for the million} \cite{Gardner:1962:RMC}.",
  subject =      "Relativity (physics)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Jeans:1976:MU
author: Sir James Hopwood Jeans
title: The Mysterious Universe
publisher: AMS Press
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: xi + 192 + 1
year: 1976
ISBN: 0-404-14742-9 OR 0404147429
ISBN13: 978-0-404-14742-6 OR 9780404147426
LCCN: Q171 .J37 1976
bibdate: Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2015.01.20 06:43:47 MST
remark: Reprint of the new revised edition (1933) published by Macmillan, New York.
subject: Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1877--1946
rawauthor: {Sir} James Hopwood Jeans
rawtitle: The Mysterious Universe
entry:
@Book{Jeans:1976:MU,
  author =       "{Sir} James Hopwood Jeans",
  title =        "The Mysterious Universe",
  publisher =    "AMS Press",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "xi + 192 + 1",
  year =         "1976",
  ISBN =         "0-404-14742-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-404-14742-6",
  LCCN =         "Q171 .J37 1976",
  bibdate =      "Tue Jan 20 06:43:47 MST 2015",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1877--1946",
  remark =       "Reprint of the new revised edition (1933) published by
                 Macmillan, New York.",
  subject =      "Science",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Freedman:1978:SUL
author: Daniel Z. Freedman and Peter van Nieuwenhuizen
title: Supergravity and the Unification of the Laws of Physics
journal: j-SCI-AMER
volume: 238
number: 2
pages: 126--143
month: feb
monthnumber: 2
year: 1978
CODEN: SCAMAC
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0278-126
ISSN: 0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic) OR 00368733 (print), 19467087 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0036-8733 OR 00368733
bibdate: Wed May 22 12:01:19 MDT 2013
bibtimestamp: 2013.05.22 12:01:19 MDT
URL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v238/n2/pdf/scientificamerican0278-126.pdf
fjournal: Scientific American
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
journalURL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican
rawauthor: Daniel Z. Freedman and Peter van Nieuwenhuizen
rawtitle: {Supergravity} and the Unification of the Laws {of Physics}
bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1970.bib

entry:
@Article{Freedman:1978:SUL,
  author =       "Daniel Z. Freedman and Peter van Nieuwenhuizen",
  title =        "{Supergravity} and the Unification of the Laws {of
                 Physics}",
  journal =      j-SCI-AMER,
  volume =       "238",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "126--143",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1978",
  CODEN =        "SCAMAC",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0278-126",
  ISSN =         "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0036-8733",
  bibdate =      "Wed May 22 12:01:19 MDT 2013",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1970.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v238/n2/pdf/scientificamerican0278-126.pdf",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Scientific American",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Calder:1979:EU
author: Nigel Calder
title: Einstein's universe
publisher: pub-VIKING
address: pub-VIKING:adr
pages: 154 + 5
year: 1979
ISBN: 0-670-29076-9 OR 0670290769
ISBN13: 978-0-670-29076-5 OR 9780670290765
LCCN: QC173.55 .C34
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 05:58:25 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 05:58:25 MDT
subject: Relativity (physics); astrophysics; cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Nigel Calder
rawtitle: {Einstein}'s universe
entry:
@Book{Calder:1979:EU,
  author =       "Nigel Calder",
  title =        "{Einstein}'s universe",
  publisher =    pub-VIKING,
  address =      pub-VIKING:adr,
  pages =        "154 + 5",
  year =         "1979",
  ISBN =         "0-670-29076-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-670-29076-5",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .C34",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 05:58:25 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (physics); astrophysics; cosmology",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Calder:1980:EU
author: Nigel Calder
title: Einstein's universe
publisher: pub-PENGUIN
address: pub-PENGUIN:adr
pages: 254 + 8
year: 1980
ISBN: 0-14-005499-5 OR 0140054995
ISBN13: 978-0-14-005499-6 OR 9780140054996
LCCN: QC173.55 .C34 1980
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 05:58:44 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 05:58:44 MDT
subject: Relativity (physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Nigel Calder
rawtitle: {Einstein}'s universe
entry:
@Book{Calder:1980:EU,
  author =       "Nigel Calder",
  title =        "{Einstein}'s universe",
  publisher =    pub-PENGUIN,
  address =      pub-PENGUIN:adr,
  pages =        "254 + 8",
  year =         "1980",
  ISBN =         "0-14-005499-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-14-005499-6",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .C34 1980",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 05:58:44 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (physics)",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Chaffee:1980:DGL
author: F. H. Chaffee, Jr.
title: The discovery of a gravitational lens
journal: j-SCI-AMER
volume: 243
number: 5
pages: 60--68
month: nov
monthnumber: 11
year: 1980
CODEN: SCAMAC
ISSN: 0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic) OR 00368733 (print), 19467087 (electronic)
bibdate: Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998
bibtimestamp: 1998.05.18 08:08:24 MDT
fjournal: Scientific American
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
journalURL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican
treatment: G General Review
rawauthor: F. H. {Chaffee, Jr.}
rawtitle: The discovery of a gravitational lens
bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib

keywords:
0957+561 A, B; double quasar; elliptical galaxy; gravitational lens; gravitational lenses; quasars; single quasar multiple images

entry:
@Article{Chaffee:1980:DGL,
  author =       "F. H. {Chaffee, Jr.}",
  title =        "The discovery of a gravitational lens",
  journal =      j-SCI-AMER,
  volume =       "243",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "60--68",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "1980",
  CODEN =        "SCAMAC",
  ISSN =         "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classification = "A9530S (Relativity and gravitation in astrophysics);
                 A9870J (Quasars)",
  fjournal =     "Scientific American",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
  keywords =     "0957+561 A, B; double quasar; elliptical galaxy;
                 gravitational lens; gravitational lenses; quasars;
                 single quasar multiple images",
  treatment =    "G General Review",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Harrison:1981:CSU
author: Edward Robert Harrison
title: Cosmology, the science of the universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xi + 430
year: 1981
ISBN: 0-521-22981-2 OR 0521229812
ISBN13: 978-0-521-22981-4 OR 9780521229814
LCCN: QB981 .H32
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 06:13:34 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 06:13:34 MDT
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Edward Robert Harrison
rawtitle: Cosmology, the science of the universe
entry:
@Book{Harrison:1981:CSU,
  author =       "Edward Robert Harrison",
  title =        "Cosmology, the science of the universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 430",
  year =         "1981",
  ISBN =         "0-521-22981-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-22981-4",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .H32",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 06:13:34 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Weisberg:1981:GWO
author: J. M. Weisberg and J. H. Taylor and L. A. Fowler
title: Gravitational waves from an orbiting pulsar
journal: j-SCI-AMER
volume: 245
number: 4
pages: 66--74
month: oct
monthnumber: 10
year: 1981
CODEN: SCAMAC
ISSN: 0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic) OR 00368733 (print), 19467087 (electronic)
bibdate: Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998
bibtimestamp: 1998.05.18 08:08:24 MDT
fjournal: Scientific American
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
journalURL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican
treatment: G General Review
rawauthor: J. M. Weisberg and J. H. Taylor and L. A. Fowler
rawtitle: Gravitational waves from an orbiting pulsar
bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib

keywords:
accelerating mass; binary pulsar; gravitational waves; orbiting pulsar; PSR 1913+16; pulsars; radiate energy; stellar radiation

entry:
@Article{Weisberg:1981:GWO,
  author =       "J. M. Weisberg and J. H. Taylor and L. A. Fowler",
  title =        "Gravitational waves from an orbiting pulsar",
  journal =      j-SCI-AMER,
  volume =       "245",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "66--74",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "1981",
  CODEN =        "SCAMAC",
  ISSN =         "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classification = "A0480 (Experimental tests of general relativity and
                 observations of gravitational radiation); A9530S
                 (Relativity and gravitation in astrophysics); A9760G
                 (Pulsars); A9780F (Spectroscopic binaries)",
  fjournal =     "Scientific American",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
  keywords =     "accelerating mass; binary pulsar; gravitational waves;
                 orbiting pulsar; PSR 1913+16; pulsars; radiate energy;
                 stellar radiation",
  treatment =    "G General Review",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Calder:1982:EU
author: Nigel Calder
title: Einstein's universe
publisher: Greenwich House
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: vii + 154 + 12
year: 1982
ISBN: 0-517-38570-8 OR 0517385708
ISBN13: 978-0-517-38570-8 OR 9780517385708
LCCN: QC173.55 .C34 1982
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 05:59:03 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 05:59:03 MDT
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random0415/82009218.html
remark: Originally published: New York: Viking Press, 1979.
subject: Relativity (physics); astrophysics; cosmology; Einstein, Albert
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: Albert Einstein (1879--1955)
rawauthor: Nigel Calder
rawtitle: {Einstein}'s universe
entry:
@Book{Calder:1982:EU,
  author =       "Nigel Calder",
  title =        "{Einstein}'s universe",
  publisher =    "Greenwich House",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "vii + 154 + 12",
  year =         "1982",
  ISBN =         "0-517-38570-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-517-38570-8",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .C34 1982",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 05:59:03 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random0415/82009218.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "Originally published: New York: Viking Press, 1979.",
  subject =      "Relativity (physics); astrophysics; cosmology;
                 Einstein, Albert",
  subject-dates = "Albert Einstein (1879--1955)",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kragh:1982:CPT
author: Helge Kragh
title: Cosmo-Physics in the Thirties: Towards a History of Dirac Cosmology
journal: j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI
volume: 13
number: 1
pages: 69--108
year: 1982
CODEN: HSPSAS
ISSN: 0073-2672 OR 00732672
bibdate: Tue Sep 28 19:35:22 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.28 19:35:22 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757506
fjournal: Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Helge Kragh
rawtitle: Cosmo-Physics in the Thirties: Towards a History of {Dirac} Cosmology
entry:
@Article{Kragh:1982:CPT,
  author =       "Helge Kragh",
  title =        "Cosmo-Physics in the Thirties: Towards a History of
                 {Dirac} Cosmology",
  journal =      j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI,
  volume =       "13",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "69--108",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1982",
  CODEN =        "HSPSAS",
  ISSN =         "0073-2672",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 28 19:35:22 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757506",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Smith:1982:EUA
author: Robert W. (Robert William) Smith
title: The expanding universe: astronomy's ``Great Debate,'' 1900--1931
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xiv + 220
year: 1982
ISBN: 0-521-23212-0 OR 0521232120
ISBN13: 978-0-521-23212-8 OR 9780521232128
LCCN: QB981 .S69 1982
bibdate: Thu Dec 15 06:54:02 MST 2011
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2011.12.15 06:54:02 MST
subject: Expanding universe
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Robert W. (Robert William) Smith
rawtitle: The expanding universe: astronomy's {``Great Debate,''} 1900--1931
entry:
@Book{Smith:1982:EUA,
  author =       "Robert W. (Robert William) Smith",
  title =        "The expanding universe: astronomy's {``Great
                 Debate,''} 1900--1931",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xiv + 220",
  year =         "1982",
  ISBN =         "0-521-23212-0",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-23212-8",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .S69 1982",
  bibdate =      "Thu Dec 15 06:54:02 MST 2011",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Expanding universe",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Wise:1982:MLB
author: M. Norton Wise
title: The Maxwell Literature and British Dynamical Theory
journal: j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI
volume: 13
number: 1
pages: 175--205
year: 1982
CODEN: HSPSAS
ISSN: 0073-2672 OR 00732672
bibdate: Tue Sep 28 19:35:22 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.28 19:35:22 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757511
fjournal: Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: M. Norton Wise
rawtitle: The {Maxwell} Literature and {British} Dynamical Theory
entry:
@Article{Wise:1982:MLB,
  author =       "M. Norton Wise",
  title =        "The {Maxwell} Literature and {British} Dynamical
                 Theory",
  journal =      j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI,
  volume =       "13",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "175--205",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1982",
  CODEN =        "HSPSAS",
  ISSN =         "0073-2672",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 28 19:35:22 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757511",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Asimov:1983:MU
author: Isaac Asimov
title: The measure of the universe
publisher: pub-HARPER-ROW
address: pub-HARPER-ROW:adr
pages: 339
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-06-015129-3 OR 0060151293
ISBN13: 978-0-06-015129-4 OR 9780060151294
LCCN: QC39 .A76 1983
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 06:35:49 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 06:35:49 MDT
subject: Physical measurements; Popular works
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1920--1992
rawauthor: Isaac Asimov
rawtitle: The measure of the universe
entry:
@Book{Asimov:1983:MU,
  author =       "Isaac Asimov",
  title =        "The measure of the universe",
  publisher =    pub-HARPER-ROW,
  address =      pub-HARPER-ROW:adr,
  pages =        "339",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-06-015129-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-06-015129-4",
  LCCN =         "QC39 .A76 1983",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 06:35:49 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$15.95",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1920--1992",
  subject =      "Physical measurements; Popular works",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1983:LHC
author: John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk
title: The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of the expanding universe
publisher: pub-BASIC-BOOKS
address: pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr
pages: xi + 256
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-465-03895-6 OR 0465038956
ISBN13: 978-0-465-03895-4 OR 9780465038954
LCCN: QB991.E94 B37 1983
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
subject: Expanding universe
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk
rawtitle: The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of the expanding universe
entry:
@Book{Barrow:1983:LHC,
  author =       "John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk",
  title =        "The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of
                 the expanding universe",
  publisher =    pub-BASIC-BOOKS,
  address =      pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 256",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-465-03895-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-465-03895-4",
  LCCN =         "QB991.E94 B37 1983",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$17.95",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Expanding universe",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Chandrasekhar:1983:EMD
author: S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar
title: Eddington, the most distinguished astrophysicist of his time
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: 64
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-521-25746-8 OR 0521257468
ISBN13: 978-0-521-25746-6 OR 9780521257466
LCCN: QB36.E33 C48 1983
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 20:38:02 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 20:38:02 MDT
subject: Eddington, Arthur Stanley; Sir; Astrophysicists; Great Britain; Biography; Astrophysics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1910--1995
subjectdates: 1882--1944
rawauthor: S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar
rawtitle: {Eddington}, the most distinguished astrophysicist of his time
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0914/84123568-d.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0914/84123568-t.html

entry:
@Book{Chandrasekhar:1983:EMD,
  author =       "S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar",
  title =        "{Eddington}, the most distinguished astrophysicist of
                 his time",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "64",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-521-25746-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-25746-6",
  LCCN =         "QB36.E33 C48 1983",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 20:38:02 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0914/84123568-d.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0914/84123568-t.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1910--1995",
  subject =      "Eddington, Arthur Stanley; Sir; Astrophysicists; Great
                 Britain; Biography; Astrophysics",
  subject-dates = "1882--1944",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Friedman:1983:FST
author: Michael Friedman
title: Foundations of space--time theories: relativistic physics and philosophy of science
publisher: pub-PRINCETON
address: pub-PRINCETON:adr
pages: xvi + 385
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-691-07239-6 OR 0691072396
ISBN13: 978-0-691-07239-5 OR 9780691072395
LCCN: QC173.55 .F74 1983
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 19:21:21 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 19:21:21 MDT
subject: Relativity (physics); space and time; science; philosophy
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Michael Friedman
rawtitle: Foundations of space--time theories: relativistic physics and philosophy of science
entry:
@Book{Friedman:1983:FST,
  author =       "Michael Friedman",
  title =        "Foundations of space--time theories: relativistic
                 physics and philosophy of science",
  publisher =    pub-PRINCETON,
  address =      pub-PRINCETON:adr,
  pages =        "xvi + 385",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-691-07239-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-691-07239-5",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .F74 1983",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 19:21:21 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$35.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (physics); space and time; science;
                 philosophy",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Goldman:1983:DAS
author: Martin Goldman
title: The demon in the aether: the story of James Clerk Maxwell
publisher: P. Harris
address: Edinburgh, Scotland
pages: 224 + 12
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-86228-026-5 OR 0862280265
ISBN13: 978-0-86228-026-0 OR 9780862280260
LCCN: QC16.M4 G65 1983
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 20:27:21 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 20:27:21 MDT
subject: Maxwell, James Clerk; Physicists; Great Britain; Biography
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1831--1879
rawauthor: Martin Goldman
rawtitle: The demon in the aether: the story of {James Clerk Maxwell}
entry:
@Book{Goldman:1983:DAS,
  author =       "Martin Goldman",
  title =        "The demon in the aether: the story of {James Clerk
                 Maxwell}",
  publisher =    "P. Harris",
  address =      "Edinburgh, Scotland",
  pages =        "224 + 12",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-86228-026-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-86228-026-0",
  LCCN =         "QC16.M4 G65 1983",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 20:27:21 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$15.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Maxwell, James Clerk; Physicists; Great Britain;
                 Biography",
  subject-dates = "1831--1879",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Wilson:1983:RSG
author: David Wilson
title: Rutherford, simple genius
publisher: pub-HODDER-STOUGHTON
address: pub-HODDER-STOUGHTON:adr
pages: 638 + 8
year: 1983
ISBN: 0-340-23805-4 OR 0340238054
ISBN13: 978-0-340-23805-9 OR 9780340238059
LCCN: QC16.R8 W54 1983
bibdate: Wed Sep 29 16:57:00 MDT 2010
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.29 16:57:00 MDT
URL: http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/10560773.html
subject: Rutherford, Ernest; Nuclear physics; Biography; Kernfysica
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1927--2000
subjectdates: 1871--1937.
rawauthor: David Wilson
rawtitle: {Rutherford}, simple genius
entry:
@Book{Wilson:1983:RSG,
  author =       "David Wilson",
  title =        "{Rutherford}, simple genius",
  publisher =    pub-HODDER-STOUGHTON,
  address =      pub-HODDER-STOUGHTON:adr,
  pages =        "638 + 8",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-340-23805-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-340-23805-9",
  LCCN =         "QC16.R8 W54 1983",
  bibdate =      "Wed Sep 29 16:57:00 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  price =        "US\$14.95",
  URL =          "http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/10560773.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1927--2000",
  subject =      "Rutherford, Ernest; Nuclear physics; Biography;
                 Kernfysica",
  subject-dates = "1871--1937.",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1984:LCP
author: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler and Marie-Odile Monchicourt
publisher: Editions Imago
address: Paris, France
pages: 113
year: 1984
ISBN: 2-902702-19-1 OR 2902702191
ISBN13: 978-2-902702-19-0 OR 9782902702190
LCCN: BD512 .B37 1984
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
language: French
subject: Cosmology; Human beings; Astrophysics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler and Marie-Odile Monchicourt
title:
L'homme et le cosmos: le principe anthropique en astrophysique moderne. (French) [Man and the cosmos: The Anthropic Cosmological Principle and Modern Astrophysics]

remark:
L'essentiel de ces entretiens a ete diffuse sur les antennes de France-Culture, dans le cadre du programme ``Recherches et pensee contemporaines, le 27 novembre 1982''.

rawtitle:
{L'homme} et le cosmos: le principe anthropique en astrophysique moderne. ({French}) [{Man} and the cosmos: {The} Anthropic Cosmological Principle and Modern Astrophysics]

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1984:LCP,
  author =       "John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler and Marie-Odile
                 Monchicourt",
  title =        "{L'homme} et le cosmos: le principe anthropique en
                 astrophysique moderne. ({French}) [{Man} and the
                 cosmos: {The} Anthropic Cosmological Principle and
                 Modern Astrophysics]",
  publisher =    "Editions Imago",
  address =      "Paris, France",
  pages =        "113",
  year =         "1984",
  ISBN =         "2-902702-19-1",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-2-902702-19-0",
  LCCN =         "BD512 .B37 1984",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "FF68.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  language =     "French",
  remark =       "L'essentiel de ces entretiens a {\'e}t{\'e}
                 diffus{\'e} sur les antennes de France-Culture, dans le
                 cadre du programme ``Recherches et pens{\'e}e
                 contemporaines, le 27 novembre 1982''.",
  subject =      "Cosmology; Human beings; Astrophysics",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kuhn:1984:RP
author: Thomas S. Kuhn
title: Revisiting Planck
journal: j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI
volume: 14
number: 2
pages: 231--252
year: 1984
CODEN: HSPSAS
ISSN: 0073-2672 OR 00732672
bibdate: Tue Sep 28 19:35:32 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.28 19:35:32 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757534
fjournal: Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Thomas S. Kuhn
rawtitle: Revisiting {Planck}
entry:
@Article{Kuhn:1984:RP,
  author =       "Thomas S. Kuhn",
  title =        "Revisiting {Planck}",
  journal =      j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI,
  volume =       "14",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "231--252",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1984",
  CODEN =        "HSPSAS",
  ISSN =         "0073-2672",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 28 19:35:32 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757534",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Payne-Gaposchkin:1984:AOR
author: Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine Haramundanis
title: An autobiography and other recollections
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: vi + 269
year: 1984
ISBN: 0-521-25752-2 OR 0521257522
ISBN13: 978-0-521-25752-7 OR 9780521257527
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 10:10:47 MDT 2014
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 10:10:47 MDT
remark: See also second edition cite Payne-Gaposchkin:1996:CPG for more on the author and this book.
subject: Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Gaposchkin, Cecilia Helena Payne; Astronomers; United States; Biography
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine Haramundanis
rawtitle: An autobiography and other recollections
entry:
@Book{Payne-Gaposchkin:1984:AOR,
  author =       "Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine
                 Haramundanis",
  title =        "An autobiography and other recollections",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "vi + 269",
  year =         "1984",
  ISBN =         "0-521-25752-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-25752-7",
  LCCN =         "????",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 10:10:47 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "See also second edition
                 \cite{Payne-Gaposchkin:1996:CPG} for more on the author
                 and this book.",
  subject =      "Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Gaposchkin, Cecilia Helena
                 Payne; Astronomers; United States; Biography",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Badash:1985:KRK
author: Lawrence Badash
title: Kapitza, Rutherford, and the Kremlin
publisher: pub-YALE
address: pub-YALE:adr
pages: xi + 129
year: 1985
ISBN: 0-300-01465-1 OR 0300014651
ISBN13: 978-0-300-01465-5 OR 9780300014655
LCCN: QC16.K25 B3 1985
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 21:08:22 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 21:08:22 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1894--1984; 1871--1937
rawauthor: Lawrence Badash
rawtitle: {Kapitza}, {Rutherford}, and the {Kremlin}
subject:
Kapietisa, P. L; (Petr Leonidovich); Science and state; Soviet Union; Rutherford, Ernest; Physicists; Biography

entry:
@Book{Badash:1985:KRK,
  author =       "Lawrence Badash",
  title =        "{Kapitza}, {Rutherford}, and the {Kremlin}",
  publisher =    pub-YALE,
  address =      pub-YALE:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 129",
  year =         "1985",
  ISBN =         "0-300-01465-1",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-300-01465-5",
  LCCN =         "QC16.K25 B3 1985",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 21:08:22 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Kapi{\"e}t{\`\i}sa, P. L; (Petr Leonidovich); Science
                 and state; Soviet Union; Rutherford, Ernest;
                 Physicists; Biography",
  subject-dates = "1894--1984; 1871--1937",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Freedman:1985:HDS
author: D. Z. Freedman and P. van Nieuwenhuizen
title: The hidden dimensions of spacetime
journal: j-SCI-AMER
volume: 252
number: 3
pages: 62--69
month: mar
monthnumber: 3
year: 1985
CODEN: SCAMAC
ISSN: 0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic) OR 00368733 (print), 19467087 (electronic)
bibdate: Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998
bibtimestamp: 1998.05.18 08:08:24 MDT
fjournal: Scientific American
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
journalURL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican
treatment: G General Review
rawauthor: D. Z. Freedman and P. {van Nieuwenhuizen}
rawtitle: The hidden dimensions of spacetime
keywords:
basic forces of nature; eleven dimensional structures; general relativity; hidden dimensions; space--time configurations; spacetime; unified account; unified field theories

entry:
@Article{Freedman:1985:HDS,
  author =       "D. Z. Freedman and P. {van Nieuwenhuizen}",
  title =        "The hidden dimensions of spacetime",
  journal =      j-SCI-AMER,
  volume =       "252",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "62--69",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1985",
  CODEN =        "SCAMAC",
  ISSN =         "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Mon May 18 08:08:24 MDT 1998",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classification = "A0420 (General relativity); A0450 (Unified field
                 theories); A9530S (Relativity and gravitation in
                 astrophysics)",
  fjournal =     "Scientific American",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
  keywords =     "basic forces of nature; eleven dimensional structures;
                 general relativity; hidden dimensions; space--time
                 configurations; spacetime; unified account; unified
                 field theories",
  treatment =    "G General Review",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1986:ACP
author: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler
title: The anthropic cosmological principle
publisher: pub-OXFORD
address: pub-OXFORD:adr
pages: xx + 706
year: 1986
ISBN: 0-19-851949-4 OR 0198519494
ISBN13: 978-0-19-851949-2 OR 9780198519492
LCCN: BD511 .B34 1986
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
subject: Anthropic principle; Human beings; Intellect; Life on other planets; Science; Philosophy
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler
rawtitle: The anthropic cosmological principle
entry:
@Book{Barrow:1986:ACP,
  author =       "John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler",
  title =        "The anthropic cosmological principle",
  publisher =    pub-OXFORD,
  address =      pub-OXFORD:adr,
  pages =        "xx + 706",
  year =         "1986",
  ISBN =         "0-19-851949-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-851949-2",
  LCCN =         "BD511 .B34 1986",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$29.95",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Anthropic principle; Human beings; Intellect; Life on
                 other planets; Science; Philosophy",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hendry:1986:JCM
author: John Hendry
title: James Clerk Maxwell and the theory of the electromagnetic field
publisher: pub-ADAM-HILGER
address: pub-ADAM-HILGER:adr
pages: xix + 305
year: 1986
ISBN: 0-85274-563-X OR 085274563X
ISBN13: 978-0-85274-563-2 OR 9780852745632
LCCN: QC665.E4 H46 1986
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 21:31:15 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 21:31:15 MDT
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/86196851-d.html
subject: Electromagnetic fields; History; Electromagnetic theory; Physics; Maxwell, James Clerk
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1831--1879
rawauthor: John Hendry
rawtitle: {James Clerk Maxwell} and the theory of the electromagnetic field
entry:
@Book{Hendry:1986:JCM,
  author =       "John Hendry",
  title =        "{James Clerk Maxwell} and the theory of the
                 electromagnetic field",
  publisher =    pub-ADAM-HILGER,
  address =      pub-ADAM-HILGER:adr,
  pages =        "xix + 305",
  year =         "1986",
  ISBN =         "0-85274-563-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-85274-563-2",
  LCCN =         "QC665.E4 H46 1986",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 21:31:15 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0745/86196851-d.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Electromagnetic fields; History; Electromagnetic
                 theory; Physics; Maxwell, James Clerk",
  subject-dates = "1831--1879",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Stuewer:1986:RSM
author: Roger H. Stuewer
title: Rutherford's Satellite Model of the Nucleus
journal: j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-BIOL-SCI
volume: 16
number: 2
pages: 321--352
year: 1986
CODEN: HSPSEW
ISSN: 0890-9997 (print), 1533-8355 (electronic) OR 08909997 (print), 15338355 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0890-9997 OR 08909997
bibdate: Tue Sep 28 19:35:38 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://www.jstor.org/journals/08909997.html; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.28 19:35:38 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757568
fjournal: Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Roger H. Stuewer
rawtitle: {Rutherford}'s Satellite Model of the Nucleus
entry:
@Article{Stuewer:1986:RSM,
  author =       "Roger H. Stuewer",
  title =        "{Rutherford}'s Satellite Model of the Nucleus",
  journal =      j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-BIOL-SCI,
  volume =       "16",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "321--352",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1986",
  CODEN =        "HSPSEW",
  ISSN =         "0890-9997 (print), 1533-8355 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0890-9997",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 28 19:35:38 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://www.jstor.org/journals/08909997.html;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757568",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological
                 Sciences",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Bergmann:1987:RG
author: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
title: The riddle of gravitation
publisher: Scribner
address: New York, NY, USA
edition: Revised and updated
pages: xix + 233
year: 1987
ISBN: 0-684-18460-5 OR 0684184605
ISBN13: 978-0-684-18460-9 OR 9780684184609
LCCN: QC173.55 .B49 1987
bibdate: Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.08.08 06:59:44 MDT
subject: Relativity (Physics); Gravitation; Gravitation.; Relativity (Physics)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
rawtitle: The riddle of gravitation
abstract:
Thought-provoking nonmathematical introduction to the conceptual foundations of both Newton's and Einstein's theories of gravitation. Special relativity theory, general relativity theory, other topics. This updated edition features material on gravitational radiation detectors, current problems in cosmology, singularities of the gravitational field, and more.

TOC:
Part I. Newtonian physics and special relativity. Early history Relativity of motion The universal speed of light The special theory of relativity Minkowski's four-dimensional world Mass, energy, Momentum Flat space / Curved space Part II. General relativity. Relativity and gravitation The relativity of free fall The principle of general covariance Curved space--time Gravitation in the space--time continuum Schwarzschild's solution Inside the Schwarzschild radius Event horizons Part III. Recent developments. Gravitational collapse Gravitational radiation The search for gravitational waves Cosmology Current observational programs Particle motion Quantum theory of gravitation What is an observable? Space--time today and tomorrow Appendixes 1. The equal-areas law of Kepler 2. Derivation of the inverse-square law of force 3. The Lorentz transformation 4. The Schwarzschild radius 5. Gravitational radiation 6. Powers of 10 and units of measurement

rawabstract:
Thought-provoking nonmathematical introduction to the conceptual foundations of both Newton's and Einstein's theories of gravitation. Special relativity theory, general relativity theory, other topics. This updated edition features material on gravitational radiation detectors, current problems in cosmology, singularities of the gravitational field, and more.

rawTOC:
Part I. Newtonian physics and special relativity. Early history \\ Relativity of motion \\ The universal speed of light \\ The special theory of relativity \\ Minkowski's four-dimensional world \\ Mass, energy, Momentum \\ Flat space / Curved space \\ Part II. General relativity. Relativity and gravitation \\ The relativity of free fall \\ The principle of general covariance \\ Curved space--time \\ Gravitation in the space--time continuum \\ Schwarzschild's solution \\ Inside the Schwarzschild radius \\ Event horizons \\ Part III. Recent developments. Gravitational collapse \\ Gravitational radiation \\ The search for gravitational waves \\ Cosmology \\ Current observational programs \\ Particle motion \\ Quantum theory of gravitation \\ What is an observable? \\ Space--time today and tomorrow \\ Appendixes \\ 1. The equal-areas law of Kepler \\ 2. Derivation of the inverse-square law of force \\ 3. The Lorentz transformation \\ 4. The Schwarzschild radius \\ 5. Gravitational radiation \\ 6. Powers of 10 and units of measurement

entry:
@Book{Bergmann:1987:RG,
  author =       "Peter Gabriel Bergmann",
  title =        "The riddle of gravitation",
  publisher =    "Scribner",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  edition =      "Revised and updated",
  pages =        "xix + 233",
  year =         "1987",
  ISBN =         "0-684-18460-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-684-18460-9",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .B49 1987",
  bibdate =      "Fri Aug 8 06:59:44 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$18.95",
  abstract =     "Thought-provoking nonmathematical introduction to the
                 conceptual foundations of both Newton's and Einstein's
                 theories of gravitation. Special relativity theory,
                 general relativity theory, other topics. This updated
                 edition features material on gravitational radiation
                 detectors, current problems in cosmology, singularities
                 of the gravitational field, and more.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (Physics); Gravitation; Gravitation.;
                 Relativity (Physics)",
  tableofcontents = "Part I. Newtonian physics and special relativity.
                 Early history \\
                 Relativity of motion \\
                 The universal speed of light \\
                 The special theory of relativity \\
                 Minkowski's four-dimensional world \\
                 Mass, energy, Momentum \\
                 Flat space / Curved space \\
                 Part II. General relativity. Relativity and gravitation
                 \\
                 The relativity of free fall \\
                 The principle of general covariance \\
                 Curved space--time \\
                 Gravitation in the space--time continuum \\
                 Schwarzschild's solution \\
                 Inside the Schwarzschild radius \\
                 Event horizons \\
                 Part III. Recent developments. Gravitational collapse
                 \\
                 Gravitational radiation \\
                 The search for gravitational waves \\
                 Cosmology \\
                 Current observational programs \\
                 Particle motion \\
                 Quantum theory of gravitation \\
                 What is an observable? \\
                 Space--time today and tomorrow \\
                 Appendixes \\
                 1. The equal-areas law of Kepler \\
                 2. Derivation of the inverse-square law of force \\
                 3. The Lorentz transformation \\
                 4. The Schwarzschild radius \\
                 5. Gravitational radiation \\
                 6. Powers of 10 and units of measurement",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Chandrasekhar:1987:TBA
author: S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar
title: Truth and beauty: aesthetics and motivations in science
publisher: pub-U-CHICAGO
address: pub-U-CHICAGO:adr
pages: x + 170
year: 1987
LCCN: Q175 .C453 1987
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 13:35:47 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 13:35:47 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1910--1995
subjectdates: 1896--1950; 1882--1944; 1873--1916
rawauthor: S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar
rawtitle: Truth and beauty: aesthetics and motivations in science
ISBN:
0-226-10086-3, 0-226-10087-1 (paperback), 0-226-16277-X (e-book), 1-306-15807-9 (e-book) OR 0226100863, 0226100871 (paperback), 022616277X (ebook), 1306158079 (ebook)

ISBN13:
978-0-226-10086-9, 978-0-226-10087-6 (paperback), 978-0-226-16277-5 (e-book), 978-1-306-15807-7 (e-book) OR 9780226100869, 9780226100876 (paperback), 9780226162775 (ebook), 9781306158077 (ebook)

subject:
Science; Aesthetics; Physics; Philosophy; Motivation (Psychology); Milne, Edward Arthur; Eddington, Arthur Stanley; Sir; Schwarzschild, K; (Karl)

TOC:
Preface The Scientist [1946] The Pursuit of Science: Its Motivations [1985] The Nora and Edward Ryerson Lecture: Shakespeare, Newton, and Beethoven, or Patterns of Creativity [1975] Beauty and the Quest for Beauty in Science [1979] Milne Lecture: Edward Arthur Milne: His Part in the Development of Modern Astrophysics [1979] Arthur Stanley Eddington Centenary Lectures [1982] Eddington: The Most Distinguished Astrophysicist of His Time Eddington: The Expositor and the Exponent of General Relativity Karl Schwarzschild Lecture: The Aesthetic Base of the General Theory of Relativity [1986]

rawTOC:
Preface \\ The Scientist [1946] \\ The Pursuit of Science: Its Motivations [1985] \\ The Nora and Edward Ryerson Lecture: Shakespeare, Newton, and Beethoven, or Patterns of Creativity [1975] \\ Beauty and the Quest for Beauty in Science [1979] \\ Milne Lecture: Edward Arthur Milne: His Part in the Development of Modern Astrophysics [1979] \\ Arthur Stanley Eddington Centenary Lectures [1982] \\ Eddington: The Most Distinguished Astrophysicist of His Time \\ Eddington: The Expositor and the Exponent of General Relativity \\ Karl Schwarzschild Lecture: The Aesthetic Base of the General Theory of Relativity [1986]

entry:
@Book{Chandrasekhar:1987:TBA,
  author =       "S. (Subrahmanyan) Chandrasekhar",
  title =        "Truth and beauty: aesthetics and motivations in
                 science",
  publisher =    pub-U-CHICAGO,
  address =      pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
  pages =        "x + 170",
  year =         "1987",
  ISBN =         "0-226-10086-3, 0-226-10087-1 (paperback),
                 0-226-16277-X (e-book), 1-306-15807-9 (e-book)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-226-10086-9, 978-0-226-10087-6 (paperback),
                 978-0-226-16277-5 (e-book), 978-1-306-15807-7
                 (e-book)",
  LCCN =         "Q175 .C453 1987",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 13:35:47 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1910--1995",
  subject =      "Science; Aesthetics; Physics; Philosophy; Motivation
                 (Psychology); Milne, Edward Arthur; Eddington, Arthur
                 Stanley; Sir; Schwarzschild, K; (Karl)",
  subject-dates = "1896--1950; 1882--1944; 1873--1916",
  tableofcontents = "Preface \\
                 The Scientist [1946] \\
                 The Pursuit of Science: Its Motivations [1985] \\
                 The Nora and Edward Ryerson Lecture: Shakespeare,
                 Newton, and Beethoven, or Patterns of Creativity [1975]
                 \\
                 Beauty and the Quest for Beauty in Science [1979] \\
                 Milne Lecture: Edward Arthur Milne: His Part in the
                 Development of Modern Astrophysics [1979] \\
                 Arthur Stanley Eddington Centenary Lectures [1982] \\
                 Eddington: The Most Distinguished Astrophysicist of His
                 Time \\
                 Eddington: The Expositor and the Exponent of General
                 Relativity \\
                 Karl Schwarzschild Lecture: The Aesthetic Base of the
                 General Theory of Relativity [1986]",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hawking:1987:THY
editor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking and W. (Werner) Israel
title: Three hundred years of gravitation
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xiii + 690
year: 1987
ISBN: 0-521-34312-7, 0-521-37976-8 (paperback) OR 0521343127, 0521379768 (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-521-34312-1, 978-0-521-37976-2 (paperback) OR 9780521343121, 9780521379762 (paperback)
LCCN: QC178 .T47 1987
bibdate: Thu Oct 28 07:17:09 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE
bibtimestamp: 2010.10.28 07:17:09 MDT
subject: Gravitation; Cosmology; Astrophysics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
raweditor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking and W. (Werner) Israel
rawtitle: Three hundred years of gravitation
TOC:
Newton's Principia / S. W. Hawking Newtonianism and today's physics / Steven Weinberg Newton, quantum theory and reality / Roger Penrose Experiments on gravitation / A. H. Cook Experimental gravitation from Newton's Principia to Einstein's general relativity / Clifford M. Will The problem of motion in Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity / Thibault Damour Dark stars: the evolution of an idea / Werner Israel Astrophysical black holes / R. D. Blandford Gravitational radiation / Kip S. Thorne The emergence of structure in the universe: galazy formation and `dark matter' / Martin J. Rees Gravitational interactions of cosmic strings / Alexander Vilenkin Inflationary cosmology / Steven K. Blau and Alan H. Guth Inflation and quantum cosmology / Andrei Linde Quantum cosmology / S. W. Hawking Superstring unification / John H. Schwarz Covariant description of canonical formalism in geometrical theories / Cedomir Crnkovic and Edward Witten

rawTOC:
Newton's Principia / S. W. Hawking \\ Newtonianism and today's physics / Steven Weinberg \\ Newton, quantum theory and reality / Roger Penrose \\ Experiments on gravitation / A. H. Cook \\ Experimental gravitation from Newton's Principia to Einstein's general relativity / Clifford M. Will \\ The problem of motion in Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity / Thibault Damour \\ Dark stars: the evolution of an idea / Werner Israel \\ Astrophysical black holes / R. D. Blandford \\ Gravitational radiation / Kip S. Thorne \\ The emergence of structure in the universe: galazy formation and `dark matter' / Martin J. Rees \\ Gravitational interactions of cosmic strings / Alexander Vilenkin \\ Inflationary cosmology / Steven K. Blau and Alan H. Guth \\ Inflation and quantum cosmology / Andrei Linde \\ Quantum cosmology / S. W. Hawking \\ Superstring unification / John H. Schwarz \\ Covariant description of canonical formalism in geometrical theories / Cedomir Crnkovic and Edward Witten

entry:
@Book{Hawking:1987:THY,
  editor =       "S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking and W. (Werner) Israel",
  title =        "Three hundred years of gravitation",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xiii + 690",
  year =         "1987",
  ISBN =         "0-521-34312-7, 0-521-37976-8 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-34312-1, 978-0-521-37976-2 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QC178 .T47 1987",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 28 07:17:09 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Gravitation; Cosmology; Astrophysics",
  tableofcontents = "Newton's Principia / S. W. Hawking \\
                 Newtonianism and today's physics / Steven Weinberg \\
                 Newton, quantum theory and reality / Roger Penrose \\
                 Experiments on gravitation / A. H. Cook \\
                 Experimental gravitation from Newton's Principia to
                 Einstein's general relativity / Clifford M. Will \\
                 The problem of motion in Newtonian and Einsteinian
                 gravity / Thibault Damour \\
                 Dark stars: the evolution of an idea / Werner Israel
                 \\
                 Astrophysical black holes / R. D. Blandford \\
                 Gravitational radiation / Kip S. Thorne \\
                 The emergence of structure in the universe: galazy
                 formation and `dark matter' / Martin J. Rees \\
                 Gravitational interactions of cosmic strings /
                 Alexander Vilenkin \\
                 Inflationary cosmology / Steven K. Blau and Alan H.
                 Guth \\
                 Inflation and quantum cosmology / Andrei Linde \\
                 Quantum cosmology / S. W. Hawking \\
                 Superstring unification / John H. Schwarz \\
                 Covariant description of canonical formalism in
                 geometrical theories / Cedomir Crnkovic and Edward
                 Witten",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kursunoglu:1987:RAG
editor: Behram Kursunoglu and Eugene Paul Wigner
title: Reminiscences about a great physicist: Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xviii + 297
year: 1987
ISBN: 0-521-34013-6 OR 0521340136
ISBN13: 978-0-521-34013-7 OR 9780521340137
LCCN: QC16.D57 R46 1987
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 22:01:29 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 22:01:29 MDT
subject: Dirac, P. A. M; (Paul Adrien Maurice); Physics; History
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1902--1984
raweditor: Behram Kur{\c{s}}uno{\u{g}}lu and Eugene Paul Wigner
rawtitle: Reminiscences about a great physicist: {Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac}
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam023/86033409.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/86033409.html

entry:
@Book{Kursunoglu:1987:RAG,
  editor =       "Behram Kur{\c{s}}uno{\u{g}}lu and Eugene Paul Wigner",
  title =        "Reminiscences about a great physicist: {Paul Adrien
                 Maurice Dirac}",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xviii + 297",
  year =         "1987",
  ISBN =         "0-521-34013-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-34013-7",
  LCCN =         "QC16.D57 R46 1987",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 22:01:29 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam023/86033409.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/86033409.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Dirac, P. A. M; (Paul Adrien Maurice); Physics;
                 History",
  subject-dates = "1902--1984",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1988:ACP
author: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler
title: The anthropic cosmological principle
publisher: pub-OXFORD
address: pub-OXFORD:adr
pages: xx + 706
year: 1988
ISBN: 0-19-282147-4 OR 0192821474
ISBN13: 978-0-19-282147-8 OR 9780192821478
LCCN: BD511 .B34 1988
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
series: Oxford paperbacks
remark: First issued (with corrections) as an Oxford University Press paperback, 1988.
subject: Anthropic principle; Human beings; Intellect; Life on other planets; Science; Philosophy
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler
rawtitle: The anthropic cosmological principle
entry:
@Book{Barrow:1988:ACP,
  author =       "John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler",
  title =        "The anthropic cosmological principle",
  publisher =    pub-OXFORD,
  address =      pub-OXFORD:adr,
  pages =        "xx + 706",
  year =         "1988",
  ISBN =         "0-19-282147-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-282147-8",
  LCCN =         "BD511 .B34 1988",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$15.95",
  series =       "Oxford paperbacks",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "First issued (with corrections) as an Oxford
                 University Press paperback, 1988.",
  subject =      "Anthropic principle; Human beings; Intellect; Life on
                 other planets; Science; Philosophy",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1988:WWW
author: John D. Barrow
title: The world within the world
publisher: pub-CLARENDON
address: pub-CLARENDON:adr
pages: xiv + 398
year: 1988
ISBN: 0-19-851979-6 OR 0198519796
ISBN13: 978-0-19-851979-9 OR 9780198519799
LCCN: QC24.5 .B37 1988
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow
rawtitle: The world within the world
subject:
Physics; Popular works; Science; Popular works; Science; Philosophy; Popular works; Cosmology; Popular works

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1988:WWW,
  author =       "John D. Barrow",
  title =        "The world within the world",
  publisher =    pub-CLARENDON,
  address =      pub-CLARENDON:adr,
  pages =        "xiv + 398",
  year =         "1988",
  ISBN =         "0-19-851979-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-851979-9",
  LCCN =         "QC24.5 .B37 1988",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$24.95",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Physics; Popular works; Science; Popular works;
                 Science; Philosophy; Popular works; Cosmology; Popular
                 works",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Chaisson:1988:RSR
author: Eric Chaisson
title: Relatively speaking: Relativity, black holes, and the fate of the Universe
publisher: pub-NORTON
address: pub-NORTON:adr
pages: 254
year: 1988
ISBN: 0-393-02536-5 OR 0393025365
ISBN13: 978-0-393-02536-1 OR 9780393025361
LCCN: QC173.55 .C46 1988
bibdate: Mon Oct 9 07:09:11 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.09 07:09:11 MDT
subject: Relativity (physics); Cosmology; Black holes (Astronomy)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Eric Chaisson
rawtitle: Relatively speaking: {Relativity}, black holes, and the fate of the {Universe}
entry:
@Book{Chaisson:1988:RSR,
  author =       "Eric Chaisson",
  title =        "Relatively speaking: {Relativity}, black holes, and
                 the fate of the {Universe}",
  publisher =    pub-NORTON,
  address =      pub-NORTON:adr,
  pages =        "254",
  year =         "1988",
  ISBN =         "0-393-02536-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-393-02536-1",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .C46 1988",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 9 07:09:11 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (physics); Cosmology; Black holes
                 (Astronomy)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Field:1988:KGC
author: Judith Veronica Field
title: Kepler's geometrical cosmology
publisher: pub-U-CHICAGO
address: pub-U-CHICAGO:adr
pages: xx + 243
year: 1988
ISBN: 0-226-24823-2 OR 0226248232
ISBN13: 978-0-226-24823-3 OR 9780226248233
LCCN: QB981 .F47 1988
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 22:12:38 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 22:12:38 MDT
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0608/87010837-d.html
remark: Based on the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of London, 1981. Errata slip inserted.
subject: Cosmology; Astronomy; History; Kepler, Johannes
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1571--1630
rawauthor: Judith Veronica Field
rawtitle: {Kepler}'s geometrical cosmology
entry:
@Book{Field:1988:KGC,
  author =       "Judith Veronica Field",
  title =        "{Kepler}'s geometrical cosmology",
  publisher =    pub-U-CHICAGO,
  address =      pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
  pages =        "xx + 243",
  year =         "1988",
  ISBN =         "0-226-24823-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-226-24823-3",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .F47 1988",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 22:12:38 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0608/87010837-d.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "Based on the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of
                 London, 1981. Errata slip inserted.",
  subject =      "Cosmology; Astronomy; History; Kepler, Johannes",
  subject-dates = "1571--1630",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hawking:1988:BHT
author: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
title: A brief history of time: from the Big Bang to black holes
publisher: pub-BANTAM
address: pub-BANTAM:adr
pages: x + 198
year: 1988
ISBN: 0-553-05243-8 OR 0553052438
ISBN13: 978-0-553-05243-5 OR 9780553052435
LCCN: QB981 .H377 1988
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:24:21 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:24:21 MST
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
rawtitle: A brief history of time: from the {Big Bang} to black holes
URL:
ftp://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/gutenberg/; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random0410/87033333.html

entry:
@Book{Hawking:1988:BHT,
  author =       "S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking",
  title =        "A brief history of time: from the {Big Bang} to black
                 holes",
  publisher =    pub-BANTAM,
  address =      pub-BANTAM:adr,
  pages =        "x + 198",
  year =         "1988",
  ISBN =         "0-553-05243-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-553-05243-5",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .H377 1988",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:24:21 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "ftp://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/gutenberg/;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random0410/87033333.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Turner:1988:GL
author: Edwin L. Turner
title: Gravitational Lenses
journal: j-SCI-AMER
volume: 259
number: 1
pages: 26--32
month: jul
monthnumber: 7
year: 1988
CODEN: SCAMAC
ISSN: 0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic) OR 00368733 (print), 19467087 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0036-8733 OR 00368733
bibdate: Thu Jan 28 14:31:50 MST 1999
bibtimestamp: 1999.01.28 14:31:50 MST
fjournal: Scientific American
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
affiliation: Princeton Univ., NJ, USA
corpsource: Princeton Univ., NJ, USA
journalURL: http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican
thesaurus: Cosmology; Galaxies; Gravitational lenses; Quasars
treatment: G General Review
rawauthor: Edwin L. Turner
rawtitle: Gravitational Lenses
keywords:
Cosmology; cosmology; Einstein ring quasars; Galaxies; galaxies; Gravitational lenses; gravitational lenses; Large scale structure; large scale structure; quasars; Source images; source images; Universe

entry:
@Article{Turner:1988:GL,
  author =       "Edwin L. Turner",
  title =        "Gravitational Lenses",
  journal =      j-SCI-AMER,
  volume =       "259",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "26--32",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "1988",
  CODEN =        "SCAMAC",
  ISSN =         "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0036-8733",
  bibdate =      "Thu Jan 28 14:31:50 MST 1999",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Princeton Univ., NJ, USA",
  classification = "A9530S (Relativity and gravitation); A9850E
                 (Galactic structure); A9870J (Quasars); A9880
                 (Cosmology)",
  corpsource =   "Princeton Univ., NJ, USA",
  fjournal =     "Scientific American",
  journal-URL =  "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
  keywords =     "Cosmology; cosmology; Einstein ring quasars; Galaxies;
                 galaxies; Gravitational lenses; gravitational lenses;
                 Large scale structure; large scale structure; quasars;
                 Source images; source images; Universe",
  thesaurus =    "Cosmology; Galaxies; Gravitational lenses; Quasars",
  treatment =    "G General Review",
  xxnewdata =    "1998.01.30",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: DeMaria:1989:CRR
author: M. De Maria and A. Russo
title: Cosmic Ray Romancing: The Discovery of the Latitude Effect and the Compton--Millikan Controversy
journal: j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-BIOL-SCI
volume: 19
number: 2
pages: 211--266
year: 1989
CODEN: HSPSEW
ISSN: 0890-9997 (print), 1533-8355 (electronic) OR 08909997 (print), 15338355 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0890-9997 OR 08909997
bibdate: Tue Sep 28 19:35:51 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://www.jstor.org/journals/08909997.html; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.28 19:35:51 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757626
fjournal: Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: M. {De Maria} and A. Russo
rawtitle: Cosmic Ray Romancing: The Discovery of the Latitude Effect and the {Compton--Millikan} Controversy
entry:
@Article{DeMaria:1989:CRR,
  author =       "M. {De Maria} and A. Russo",
  title =        "Cosmic Ray Romancing: The Discovery of the Latitude
                 Effect and the {Compton--Millikan} Controversy",
  journal =      j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-BIOL-SCI,
  volume =       "19",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "211--266",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1989",
  CODEN =        "HSPSEW",
  ISSN =         "0890-9997 (print), 1533-8355 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0890-9997",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 28 19:35:51 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://www.jstor.org/journals/08909997.html;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757626",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological
                 Sciences",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1990:WWW
author: John D. Barrow
title: The world within the world
publisher: pub-OXFORD
address: pub-OXFORD:adr
edition: Revised
pages: 398
year: 1990
ISBN: 0-19-286108-5 OR 0192861085
ISBN13: 978-0-19-286108-5 OR 9780192861085
LCCN: Q175
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:46:57 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:46:57 MST
series: Oxford paperbacks
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow
rawtitle: The world within the world
subject:
Physics; Popular works; Science; Popular works; Science; Philosophy; Popular works; Cosmology; Popular works

TOC:
Prologue Time Past Unseen Worlds Inner Space and Outer Space Why are the Laws of Nature Mathematical? Are There Any Laws of Nature? Selection Effects

rawTOC:
Prologue \\ Time Past \\ Unseen Worlds \\ Inner Space and Outer Space \\ Why are the Laws of Nature Mathematical? \\ Are There Any Laws of Nature? \\ Selection Effects

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1990:WWW,
  author =       "John D. Barrow",
  title =        "The world within the world",
  publisher =    pub-OXFORD,
  address =      pub-OXFORD:adr,
  edition =      "Revised",
  pages =        "398",
  year =         "1990",
  ISBN =         "0-19-286108-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-286108-5",
  LCCN =         "Q175",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:46:57 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE",
  series =       "Oxford paperbacks",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Physics; Popular works; Science; Popular works;
                 Science; Philosophy; Popular works; Cosmology; Popular
                 works",
  tableofcontents = "Prologue \\
                 Time Past \\
                 Unseen Worlds \\
                 Inner Space and Outer Space \\
                 Why are the Laws of Nature Mathematical? \\
                 Are There Any Laws of Nature? \\
                 Selection Effects",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Lightman:1990:OLW
author: Alan Paige Lightman and Roberta Brawer
title: Origins: the lives and worlds of modern cosmologists
publisher: pub-HARVARD
address: pub-HARVARD:adr
pages: xi + 563
year: 1990
ISBN: 0-674-64470-0, 0-674-64471-9 OR 0674644700, 0674644719
ISBN13: 978-0-674-64470-0, 978-0-674-64471-7 OR 9780674644700, 9780674644717
LCCN: QB981 .L54 1990
bibdate: Tue Sep 23 14:04:21 MDT 2014
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.23 14:04:21 MDT
subject: Cosmologie; Univers; Cosmology; Miscellanea; Astronomy; Philosophy; Physics; Philosophy; Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1948--
rawauthor: Alan Paige Lightman and Roberta Brawer
rawtitle: Origins: the lives and worlds of modern cosmologists
abstract:
Reveals the human being within the scientist, in a unique study of the philosophical, personal, and social factors that enter into the scientific process. Twenty-seven cosmologists talk candidly about their childhood and early influences, their motivations, prejudices, and world views.

TOC:
Fred Hoyle Allan Sandage Gerard de Vaucouleurs Maarten Schmidt Wallace Sargent Dennis Sciama Martin Rees Robert Wagoner Joseph Silk Robert Dicke James Peebles Charles Misner James Gunn Jeremiah Ostriker Vera Rubin Edwin Turner Sandra Faber Marc Davis Margaret Geller John Huchra Stephen Hawking Don Page Roger Penrose David Schramm Steven Weinberg Alan Guth Andrei Linde

rawabstract:
Reveals the human being within the scientist, in a unique study of the philosophical, personal, and social factors that enter into the scientific process. Twenty-seven cosmologists talk candidly about their childhood and early influences, their motivations, prejudices, and world views.

rawTOC:
Fred Hoyle \\ Allan Sandage \\ Gerard de Vaucouleurs \\ Maarten Schmidt \\ Wallace Sargent \\ Dennis Sciama \\ Martin Rees \\ Robert Wagoner \\ Joseph Silk \\ Robert Dicke \\ James Peebles \\ Charles Misner \\ James Gunn \\ Jeremiah Ostriker \\ Vera Rubin \\ Edwin Turner \\ Sandra Faber \\ Marc Davis \\ Margaret Geller \\ John Huchra \\ Stephen Hawking \\ Don Page \\ Roger Penrose \\ David Schramm \\ Steven Weinberg \\ Alan Guth \\ Andrei Linde

entry:
@Book{Lightman:1990:OLW,
  author =       "Alan Paige Lightman and Roberta Brawer",
  title =        "Origins: the lives and worlds of modern cosmologists",
  publisher =    pub-HARVARD,
  address =      pub-HARVARD:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 563",
  year =         "1990",
  ISBN =         "0-674-64470-0, 0-674-64471-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-674-64470-0, 978-0-674-64471-7",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .L54 1990",
  bibdate =      "Tue Sep 23 14:04:21 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  abstract =     "Reveals the human being within the scientist, in a
                 unique study of the philosophical, personal, and social
                 factors that enter into the scientific process.
                 Twenty-seven cosmologists talk candidly about their
                 childhood and early influences, their motivations,
                 prejudices, and world views.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1948--",
  subject =      "Cosmologie; Univers; Cosmology; Miscellanea;
                 Astronomy; Philosophy; Physics; Philosophy; Cosmology",
  tableofcontents = "Fred Hoyle \\
                 Allan Sandage \\
                 Gerard de Vaucouleurs \\
                 Maarten Schmidt \\
                 Wallace Sargent \\
                 Dennis Sciama \\
                 Martin Rees \\
                 Robert Wagoner \\
                 Joseph Silk \\
                 Robert Dicke \\
                 James Peebles \\
                 Charles Misner \\
                 James Gunn \\
                 Jeremiah Ostriker \\
                 Vera Rubin \\
                 Edwin Turner \\
                 Sandra Faber \\
                 Marc Davis \\
                 Margaret Geller \\
                 John Huchra \\
                 Stephen Hawking \\
                 Don Page \\
                 Roger Penrose \\
                 David Schramm \\
                 Steven Weinberg \\
                 Alan Guth \\
                 Andrei Linde",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Wheeler:1990:JGS
author: John Archibald Wheeler
title: A journey into gravity and spacetime
volume: 31
publisher: Scientific American Library
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: xii + 257
year: 1990
ISBN: 0-7167-5016-3 OR 0716750163
ISBN13: 978-0-7167-5016-1 OR 9780716750161
LCCN: QB334 .W49 1990
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:16:27 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:16:27 MST
series: Scientific American Library series
subject: Gravity; Space and time
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John Archibald Wheeler
rawtitle: A journey into gravity and spacetime
TOC:
Great men, great ideas From fall to float Interval: revelation that all of space is ours Boomeranging through the Earth Tides: the grip of spacetime on mass The boundary of a boundary: where the action is From potter's wheel to space geometry Picturing space and spacetime around a center of mass Stones in flight and planets in orbit Gravity waves Black holes A farewell look at gravity

rawTOC:
Great men, great ideas \\ From fall to float \\ Interval: revelation that all of space is ours \\ Boomeranging through the Earth \\ Tides: the grip of spacetime on mass \\ The boundary of a boundary: where the action is \\ From potter's wheel to space geometry \\ Picturing space and spacetime around a center of mass \\ Stones in flight and planets in orbit \\ Gravity waves \\ Black holes \\ A farewell look at gravity

entry:
@Book{Wheeler:1990:JGS,
  author =       "John Archibald Wheeler",
  title =        "A journey into gravity and spacetime",
  volume =       "31",
  publisher =    "Scientific American Library",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "xii + 257",
  year =         "1990",
  ISBN =         "0-7167-5016-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-7167-5016-1",
  LCCN =         "QB334 .W49 1990",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:16:27 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$10.95",
  series =       "Scientific American Library series",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Gravity; Space and time",
  tableofcontents = "Great men, great ideas \\
                 From fall to float \\
                 Interval: revelation that all of space is ours \\
                 Boomeranging through the Earth \\
                 Tides: the grip of spacetime on mass \\
                 The boundary of a boundary: where the action is \\
                 From potter's wheel to space geometry \\
                 Picturing space and spacetime around a center of mass
                 \\
                 Stones in flight and planets in orbit \\
                 Gravity waves \\
                 Black holes \\
                 A farewell look at gravity",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1991:TEQ
author: John D. Barrow
title: Theories of everything: the quest for ultimate explanation
publisher: pub-CLARENDON
address: pub-CLARENDON:adr
pages: xi + 223
year: 1991
ISBN: 0-19-853928-2 OR 0198539282
ISBN13: 978-0-19-853928-5 OR 9780198539285
LCCN: Q175 .B225 1991
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
URL: http://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0867.00009
subject: Science; Philosophy; Cosmology; Physics; Physics; Philosophy
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow
rawtitle: Theories of everything: the quest for ultimate explanation
TOC:
Ultimate explanation Laws Initial conditions Forces and particles Constants of nature Broken symmetries Organizing principles Selection effects Is `pi' really in the sky?

rawTOC:
Ultimate explanation \\ Laws \\ Initial conditions \\ Forces and particles \\ Constants of nature \\ Broken symmetries \\ Organizing principles \\ Selection effects \\ Is `pi' really in the sky?

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1991:TEQ,
  author =       "John D. Barrow",
  title =        "Theories of everything: the quest for ultimate
                 explanation",
  publisher =    pub-CLARENDON,
  address =      pub-CLARENDON:adr,
  pages =        "xi + 223",
  year =         "1991",
  ISBN =         "0-19-853928-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-853928-5",
  LCCN =         "Q175 .B225 1991",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$22.95",
  URL =          "http://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0867.00009",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Science; Philosophy; Cosmology; Physics; Physics;
                 Philosophy",
  tableofcontents = "Ultimate explanation \\
                 Laws \\
                 Initial conditions \\
                 Forces and particles \\
                 Constants of nature \\
                 Broken symmetries \\
                 Organizing principles \\
                 Selection effects \\
                 Is `pi' really in the sky?",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Henderson:1991:DBS
author: Janice Adrienne Henderson
title: On the distances between sun, moon, and Earth according to Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Reinhold
volume: 1(30)
publisher: pub-BRILL
address: pub-BRILL:adr
pages: xiv + 220
year: 1991
ISBN: 90-04-09378-8 OR 9004093788
ISBN13: 978-90-04-09378-2 OR 9789004093782
ISSN: 0925-6806 OR 09256806
LCCN: QB991.C66 H46 1991
bibdate: Fri Sep 24 00:00:25 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.24 00:00:25 MDT
series: Studia Copernicana; Brill's series
subject: Cosmological distances; Measurement; History
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Janice Adrienne Henderson
TOC:
Chapter One: The distance of the moon 1. Parallax and its measurement The parallactic instrument The least zenith distance of the moon and lunar latitude The greatest zenith distance of the moon and lunar parallax 2. The computation of solar and lunar longitudes Ptolemaic solar longitude Copernican solar longitude Ptolemaic lunar longitude and latitude Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's lunar longitude and latitude Copernican lunar longitude and latitude Reinhold's recomputation of Copernican solar and lunar longitude The equation of time 3. The observations Ptolemy's observation Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation Copernicus' summary of Ptolemy's observation Copernicus' observations Copernicus' first observation Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first observation Copernicus' second observation Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second observation4. The true distance of the moon in terrestrial radii Ptolemy's true lunar distance Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's true lunar distance Copernicus' true lunar distance in terrestrial radii Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' true lunar distance 5. The relative distance of the moon Ptolemy's relative lunar distance Copernicus' relative lunar distance 6. The greatest and least distance of the moon in terrestrial radii Ptolemy's greatest and least lunar distances Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's greatest and least lunar distances Copernicus' greatest and least lunar distances Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' greatest and least lunar distances Chapter Two: The apparent diameters of the sun, moon and shadow 1. Ptolemy The first eclipse observation The second eclipse observation The computation of the positions of the moon in the eclipses The calculation of the diameters 2. Copernicus Chapter Three: The distance of the sun from the earth 1. Ptolemy's solar distance 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's solar distance Copernicus' solar distance Reinhold's recomputation of the solar distance Chapter Four: The relative magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth 1. Ptolemy 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth 3. Reinhold's epilogue to Ptolemy 4. Copernicus 5. Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth Chapter Five: Solar and lunar parallaxes and diameters 1. The apparent diameters of the sun and its parallaxes Reinhold's recomputation 2. The apparent diameters of the moon and its parallaxes Reinhold's recomputation 3. The shadow--moon ratio Reinhold's recomputation 4. The parallax and diameter tables Ptolemy's lunar parallax Copernicus' lunar parallax Reinhold's parallax table The diameter tables Appendix A: The computation of the lunar parallax observations of Ptolemy and Copernicus Ptolemy's parallax observation Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation Mean motions and epoch values for Copernicus and Reinhold The first parallax observation of Copernicus Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first observation The second parallax observation of Copernicus Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second observation Appendix B: The computation of two ancient eclipses The first eclipse Reinhold's recomputation of the first eclipse The second eclipse Reinhold's recomputation of the second eclipse

rawtitle:
On the distances between sun, moon, and {Earth} according to {Ptolemy}, {Copernicus}, and {Reinhold}

rawTOC:
Chapter One: The distance of the moon \\ 1. Parallax and its measurement \\ The parallactic instrument \\ The least zenith distance of the moon and lunar latitude \\ The greatest zenith distance of the moon and lunar parallax \\ 2. The computation of solar and lunar longitudes \\ Ptolemaic solar longitude \\ Copernican solar longitude \\ Ptolemaic lunar longitude and latitude \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's lunar longitude and latitude \\ Copernican lunar longitude and latitude \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernican solar and lunar longitude \\ The equation of time \\ 3. The observations \\ Ptolemy's observation \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation \\ Copernicus' summary of Ptolemy's observation \\ Copernicus' observations \\ Copernicus' first observation \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first observation \\ Copernicus' second observation \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second observation4. The true distance of the moon in terrestrial radii \\ Ptolemy's true lunar distance \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's true lunar distance \\ Copernicus' true lunar distance in terrestrial radii \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' true lunar distance \\ 5. The relative distance of the moon \\ Ptolemy's relative lunar distance \\ Copernicus' relative lunar distance \\ 6. The greatest and least distance of the moon in terrestrial radii \\ Ptolemy's greatest and least lunar distances \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's greatest and least lunar distances \\ Copernicus' greatest and least lunar distances \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' greatest and least lunar distances \\ Chapter Two: The apparent diameters of the sun, moon and shadow \\ 1. Ptolemy \\ The first eclipse observation \\ The second eclipse observation \\ The computation of the positions of the moon in the eclipses \\ The calculation of the diameters \\ 2. Copernicus \\ Chapter Three: The distance of the sun from the earth \\ 1. Ptolemy's solar distance \\ 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's solar distance \\ Copernicus' solar distance \\ Reinhold's recomputation of the solar distance \\ Chapter Four: The relative magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth \\ 1. Ptolemy \\ 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth \\ 3. Reinhold's epilogue to Ptolemy \\ 4. Copernicus \\ 5. Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' magnitudes of the sun, moon and earth \\ Chapter Five: Solar and lunar parallaxes and diameters \\ 1. The apparent diameters of the sun and its parallaxes \\ Reinhold's recomputation \\ 2. The apparent diameters of the moon and its parallaxes \\ Reinhold's recomputation \\ 3. The shadow--moon ratio \\ Reinhold's recomputation \\ 4. The parallax and diameter tables \\ Ptolemy's lunar parallax \\ Copernicus' lunar parallax \\ Reinhold's parallax table \\ The diameter tables \\ Appendix A: The computation of the lunar parallax observations of Ptolemy and Copernicus \\ Ptolemy's parallax observation \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation \\ Mean motions and epoch values for Copernicus and Reinhold \\ The first parallax observation of Copernicus \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first observation \\ The second parallax observation of Copernicus \\ Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second observation \\ Appendix B: The computation of two ancient eclipses \\ The first eclipse \\ Reinhold's recomputation of the first eclipse \\ The second eclipse \\ Reinhold's recomputation of the second eclipse

entry:
@Book{Henderson:1991:DBS,
  author =       "Janice Adrienne Henderson",
  title =        "On the distances between sun, moon, and {Earth}
                 according to {Ptolemy}, {Copernicus}, and {Reinhold}",
  volume =       "1(30)",
  publisher =    pub-BRILL,
  address =      pub-BRILL:adr,
  pages =        "xiv + 220",
  year =         "1991",
  ISBN =         "90-04-09378-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-90-04-09378-2",
  ISSN =         "0925-6806",
  LCCN =         "QB991.C66 H46 1991",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 24 00:00:25 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Studia Copernicana; Brill's series",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmological distances; Measurement; History",
  tableofcontents = "Chapter One: The distance of the moon \\
                 1. Parallax and its measurement \\
                 The parallactic instrument \\
                 The least zenith distance of the moon and lunar
                 latitude \\
                 The greatest zenith distance of the moon and lunar
                 parallax \\
                 2. The computation of solar and lunar longitudes \\
                 Ptolemaic solar longitude \\
                 Copernican solar longitude \\
                 Ptolemaic lunar longitude and latitude \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's lunar longitude
                 and latitude \\
                 Copernican lunar longitude and latitude \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernican solar and lunar
                 longitude \\
                 The equation of time \\
                 3. The observations \\
                 Ptolemy's observation \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation \\
                 Copernicus' summary of Ptolemy's observation \\
                 Copernicus' observations \\
                 Copernicus' first observation \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first
                 observation \\
                 Copernicus' second observation \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second
                 observation4. The true distance of the moon in
                 terrestrial radii \\
                 Ptolemy's true lunar distance \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's true lunar
                 distance \\
                 Copernicus' true lunar distance in terrestrial radii
                 \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' true lunar
                 distance \\
                 5. The relative distance of the moon \\
                 Ptolemy's relative lunar distance \\
                 Copernicus' relative lunar distance \\
                 6. The greatest and least distance of the moon in
                 terrestrial radii \\
                 Ptolemy's greatest and least lunar distances \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's greatest and
                 least lunar distances \\
                 Copernicus' greatest and least lunar distances \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' greatest and
                 least lunar distances \\
                 Chapter Two: The apparent diameters of the sun, moon
                 and shadow \\
                 1. Ptolemy \\
                 The first eclipse observation \\
                 The second eclipse observation \\
                 The computation of the positions of the moon in the
                 eclipses \\
                 The calculation of the diameters \\
                 2. Copernicus \\
                 Chapter Three: The distance of the sun from the earth
                 \\
                 1. Ptolemy's solar distance \\
                 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's solar distance
                 \\
                 Copernicus' solar distance \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of the solar distance \\
                 Chapter Four: The relative magnitudes of the sun, moon
                 and earth \\
                 1. Ptolemy \\
                 2. Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's magnitudes of
                 the sun, moon and earth \\
                 3. Reinhold's epilogue to Ptolemy \\
                 4. Copernicus \\
                 5. Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' magnitudes
                 of the sun, moon and earth \\
                 Chapter Five: Solar and lunar parallaxes and diameters
                 \\
                 1. The apparent diameters of the sun and its parallaxes
                 \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation \\
                 2. The apparent diameters of the moon and its
                 parallaxes \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation \\
                 3. The shadow--moon ratio \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation \\
                 4. The parallax and diameter tables \\
                 Ptolemy's lunar parallax \\
                 Copernicus' lunar parallax \\
                 Reinhold's parallax table \\
                 The diameter tables \\
                 Appendix A: The computation of the lunar parallax
                 observations of Ptolemy and Copernicus \\
                 Ptolemy's parallax observation \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Ptolemy's observation \\
                 Mean motions and epoch values for Copernicus and
                 Reinhold \\
                 The first parallax observation of Copernicus \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' first
                 observation \\
                 The second parallax observation of Copernicus \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of Copernicus' second
                 observation \\
                 Appendix B: The computation of two ancient eclipses \\
                 The first eclipse \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of the first eclipse \\
                 The second eclipse \\
                 Reinhold's recomputation of the second eclipse",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Lerner:1991:BBN
author: Eric J. Lerner
publisher: Times Books / Random House
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: xiii + 466
year: 1991
ISBN: 0-8129-1853-3 OR 0812918533
ISBN13: 978-0-8129-1853-3 OR 9780812918533
LCCN: QB991.B54 L47 1991
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 15:05:48 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 15:05:48 MST
subject: Big bang theory
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Eric J. Lerner
title:
The Big Bang never happened: a startling refutation of the dominant theory of the origin of the universe

remark:
While the author is a plasma physicist, the views in this book are probably not shared by mainstream astrophysicists.

TOC:
Part I. The cosmological debate. The big bang never happened A history of creation The rise of science The strange career of modern cosmology The spears of Odin The plasma Part II. Implications. The endless of flow of time Matter Infinite in time and space Cosmos and society

rawtitle:
The {Big Bang} never happened: a startling refutation of the dominant theory of the origin of the universe

rawTOC:
Part I. The cosmological debate. The big bang never happened \\ A history of creation \\ The rise of science \\ The strange career of modern cosmology \\ The spears of Odin \\ The plasma \\ Part II. Implications. The endless of flow of time \\ Matter \\ Infinite in time and space \\ Cosmos and society

entry:
@Book{Lerner:1991:BBN,
  author =       "Eric J. Lerner",
  title =        "The {Big Bang} never happened: a startling refutation
                 of the dominant theory of the origin of the universe",
  publisher =    "Times Books\slash Random House",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "xiii + 466",
  year =         "1991",
  ISBN =         "0-8129-1853-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-8129-1853-3",
  LCCN =         "QB991.B54 L47 1991",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 15:05:48 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "While the author is a plasma physicist, the views in
                 this book are probably not shared by mainstream
                 astrophysicists.",
  subject =      "Big bang theory",
  tableofcontents = "Part I. The cosmological debate. The big bang never
                 happened \\
                 A history of creation \\
                 The rise of science \\
                 The strange career of modern cosmology \\
                 The spears of Odin \\
                 The plasma \\
                 Part II. Implications. The endless of flow of time \\
                 Matter \\
                 Infinite in time and space \\
                 Cosmos and society",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Bergmann:1992:RG
author: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
title: The riddle of gravitation
publisher: pub-DOVER
address: pub-DOVER:adr
edition: Revised and updated
pages: xxii + 233
year: 1992
ISBN: 0-486-27378-4, 0-486-26778-4 (paperback) OR 0486273784, 0486267784 (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-486-27378-5, 978-0-486-26778-4 (paperback) OR 9780486273785, 9780486267784 (paperback)
LCCN: QC173.55 .B49 1992
bibdate: Mon Dec 29 14:49:17 MST 2008
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2008.12.29 14:49:17 MST
URL: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/dover031/92022218.html
subject: Relativity (Physics); Gravitation
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Peter Gabriel Bergmann
rawtitle: The riddle of gravitation
TOC:
Introduction: the scope of gravitation Newtonian physics and special relativity Early history Relativity of motion The universal speed of light The special theory of relativity Minkowski's four-dimensional world Mass, energy, momentum Flat space curved space General relativity Relativity and gravitation The relativity of free fall The principle of general covariance Curved space--time Gravitation in the space--time continuum Schwarzschild's solution Inside the Schwarzschild radius Event horizons Recent developments Gravitational collapse Gravitational radiation The search for gravitational waves Cosmology Current observational programs Particle motion Quantum theory of gravitation What is an observable? Space--time today and tomorrow

rawTOC:
Introduction: the scope of gravitation \\ Newtonian physics and special relativity \\ Early history \\ Relativity of motion \\ The universal speed of light \\ The special theory of relativity \\ Minkowski's four-dimensional world \\ Mass, energy, momentum \\ Flat space \\ curved space \\ General relativity \\ Relativity and gravitation \\ The relativity of free fall \\ The principle of general covariance \\ Curved space--time \\ Gravitation in the space--time continuum \\ Schwarzschild's solution \\ Inside the Schwarzschild radius \\ Event horizons \\ Recent developments \\ Gravitational collapse \\ Gravitational radiation \\ The search for gravitational waves \\ Cosmology \\ Current observational programs \\ Particle motion \\ Quantum theory of gravitation \\ What is an observable? \\ Space--time today and tomorrow

entry:
@Book{Bergmann:1992:RG,
  author =       "Peter Gabriel Bergmann",
  title =        "The riddle of gravitation",
  publisher =    pub-DOVER,
  address =      pub-DOVER:adr,
  edition =      "Revised and updated",
  pages =        "xxii + 233",
  year =         "1992",
  ISBN =         "0-486-27378-4, 0-486-26778-4 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-486-27378-5, 978-0-486-26778-4 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QC173.55 .B49 1992",
  bibdate =      "Mon Dec 29 14:49:17 MST 2008",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/dover031/92022218.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Relativity (Physics); Gravitation",
  tableofcontents = "Introduction: the scope of gravitation \\
                 Newtonian physics and special relativity \\
                 Early history \\
                 Relativity of motion \\
                 The universal speed of light \\
                 The special theory of relativity \\
                 Minkowski's four-dimensional world \\
                 Mass, energy, momentum \\
                 Flat space \\
                 curved space \\
                 General relativity \\
                 Relativity and gravitation \\
                 The relativity of free fall \\
                 The principle of general covariance \\
                 Curved space--time \\
                 Gravitation in the space--time continuum \\
                 Schwarzschild's solution \\
                 Inside the Schwarzschild radius \\
                 Event horizons \\
                 Recent developments \\
                 Gravitational collapse \\
                 Gravitational radiation \\
                 The search for gravitational waves \\
                 Cosmology \\
                 Current observational programs \\
                 Particle motion \\
                 Quantum theory of gravitation \\
                 What is an observable? \\
                 Space--time today and tomorrow",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hawking:1992:SHB
editor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
title: Stephen Hawking's em A brief history of time: a reader's companion
publisher: pub-BANTAM
address: pub-BANTAM:adr
pages: ix + 194
year: 1992
ISBN: 0-553-07772-4 OR 0553077724
ISBN13: 978-0-553-07772-8 OR 9780553077728
LCCN: QB981.H377 S74 1992
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:24:25 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:24:25 MST
subject: Cosmology; Hawking, S. W; (Stephen W.)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
raweditor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
rawtitle: {Stephen Hawking}'s {{\em A brief history of time\/}}: a reader's companion
entry:
@Book{Hawking:1992:SHB,
  editor =       "S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking",
  title =        "{Stephen Hawking}'s {{\em A brief history of time\/}}:
                 a reader's companion",
  publisher =    pub-BANTAM,
  address =      pub-BANTAM:adr,
  pages =        "ix + 194",
  year =         "1992",
  ISBN =         "0-553-07772-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-553-07772-8",
  LCCN =         "QB981.H377 S74 1992",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:24:25 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$25.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology; Hawking, S. W; (Stephen W.)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Stannard:1992:TNO
author: Russell Stannard
title: Les trous noirs et l'oncle Albert
publisher: Ecole des loisirs
address: Paris, France
pages: 252
year: 1992
ISBN: 2-211-02756-3 OR 2211027563
ISBN13: 978-2-211-02756-4 OR 9782211027564
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 12:51:14 MDT 2014
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 12:51:14 MDT
note: French translation by Raphaelle Desplechin and Fabrice Desplechin of cite Stannard:1991:BHU.
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Russell Stannard
rawnote: French translation by Rapha{\"e}lle Desplechin and Fabrice Desplechin of \cite{Stannard:1991:BHU}.
rawtitle: Les trous noirs et l'oncle {Albert}
bibsource:
fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE

entry:
@Book{Stannard:1992:TNO,
  author =       "Russell Stannard",
  title =        "Les trous noirs et l'oncle {Albert}",
  publisher =    "{\'E}cole des loisirs",
  address =      "Paris, France",
  pages =        "252",
  year =         "1992",
  ISBN =         "2-211-02756-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-2-211-02756-4",
  LCCN =         "????",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 12:51:14 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE",
  note =         "French translation by Rapha{\"e}lle Desplechin and
                 Fabrice Desplechin of \cite{Stannard:1991:BHU}.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1993:LHC
author: John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk
title: The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of the expanding universe
publisher: pub-OXFORD
address: pub-OXFORD:adr
pages: xxv + 262
year: 1993
ISBN: 0-19-508675-9, 0-19-508676-7 (paperback) OR 0195086759, 0195086767 (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-19-508675-1, 978-0-19-508676-8 (paperback) OR 9780195086751, 9780195086768 (paperback)
LCCN: QB991.E94 B37 1993
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
remark: Originally published: New York: Basic Books, c1983.
subject: Expanding universe
TOC: 1. Cosmos 2. Origins 3. Creation 4. Evolution 5. Chaos to Cosmos 6. Conclusions and Conundrums
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk
rawtitle: The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of the expanding universe
rawTOC:
1. Cosmos \\ 2. Origins \\ 3. Creation \\ 4. Evolution \\ 5. Chaos to Cosmos \\ 6. Conclusions and Conundrums

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1993:LHC,
  author =       "John D. Barrow and Joseph Silk",
  title =        "The left hand of creation: the origin and evolution of
                 the expanding universe",
  publisher =    pub-OXFORD,
  address =      pub-OXFORD:adr,
  pages =        "xxv + 262",
  year =         "1993",
  ISBN =         "0-19-508675-9, 0-19-508676-7 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-508675-1, 978-0-19-508676-8 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QB991.E94 B37 1993",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "Originally published: New York: Basic Books, c1983.",
  subject =      "Expanding universe",
  tableofcontents = "1. Cosmos \\
                 2. Origins \\
                 3. Creation \\
                 4. Evolution \\
                 5. Chaos to Cosmos \\
                 6. Conclusions and Conundrums",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Blay:1993:RID
author: Michel Blay
publisher: Gallimard
address: Paris, France
pages: 258
year: 1993
ISBN: 2-07-072992-3 OR 2070729923
ISBN13: 978-2-07-072992-0 OR 9782070729920
LCCN: BD411 .B55 1993
bibdate: Wed Sep 29 17:13:31 MDT 2010
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.29 17:13:31 MDT
series: nrf essais
URL: http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29673358.html
language: French
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: Galileo (1564--1642); Newton (1642--1727)
rawauthor: Michel Blay
title:
Les raisons de l'infini: du monde clos a l'univers mathematique. (French) [The reasons for infinity: from a closed world to a mathematical universe]

subject:
Infinite; Metaphysics; Infini.; Metaphysique.; Oneindigheid. Beweging (activiteit) Mathematische fysica; Galilei, Galileo; Newton, Isaac; Galilei, Galileo, Newton, Isaac; Physique; Philosophie; Histoire; 17e siecle; Mouvement (philosophie); Infini; Cosmologie; Mathematiques; Philosophie de la nature; 17e siecle.; Mouvement (philosophie); Infini.

rawtitle:
Les raisons de l'infini: du monde clos {\`a} l'univers math{\'e}matique. ({French}) [{The} reasons for infinity: from a closed world to a mathematical universe]

entry:
@Book{Blay:1993:RID,
  author =       "Michel Blay",
  title =        "Les raisons de l'infini: du monde clos {\`a} l'univers
                 math{\'e}matique. ({French}) [{The} reasons for
                 infinity: from a closed world to a mathematical
                 universe]",
  publisher =    "Gallimard",
  address =      "Paris, France",
  pages =        "258",
  year =         "1993",
  ISBN =         "2-07-072992-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-2-07-072992-0",
  LCCN =         "BD411 .B55 1993",
  bibdate =      "Wed Sep 29 17:13:31 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  series =       "nrf essais",
  URL =          "http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29673358.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  language =     "French",
  subject =      "Infinite; Metaphysics; Infini.; M{\'e}taphysique.;
                 Oneindigheid. Beweging (activiteit) Mathematische
                 fysica; Galilei, Galileo; Newton, Isaac; Galilei,
                 Galileo, Newton, Isaac; Physique; Philosophie;
                 Histoire; 17e si{\`e}cle; Mouvement (philosophie);
                 Infini; Cosmologie; Math{\'e}matiques; Philosophie de
                 la nature; 17e si{\`e}cle.; Mouvement (philosophie);
                 Infini.",
  subject-dates = "Galileo (1564--1642); Newton (1642--1727)",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Sharov:1993:EHD
author: A. S. (Aleksandr Sergeevich) Sharov and I. D. (Igor Dmitrievich) Novikov
title: Edwin Hubble, the discoverer of the big bang universe
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xv + 187
year: 1993
ISBN: 0-521-41617-5 OR 0521416175
ISBN13: 978-0-521-41617-7 OR 9780521416177
LCCN: QB36.H83 S5313 1993
bibdate: Fri Sep 24 01:10:22 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.24 01:10:22 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1889--1953
rawauthor: A. S. (Aleksandr Sergeevich) Sharov and I. D. (Igor Dmitrievich) Novikov
rawtitle: {Edwin Hubble}, the discoverer of the big bang universe
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92024683.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/92024683.html

subject:
Hubble, Edwin Powell; Astronomy; History; 20th century; Cosmology; Astronomers; United States; Biography

TOC:
Preface to the English edition; Preface to the Russian edition Life and Work Choosing the way On the threshold of great achievements The island universe The red-shift predecessors The law bearing his name Recognition Civil duty Hopes crushed Hubble's Work Continued Distances to galaxies and the Hubble constant Current and future research projects The discovery of the hot universe Explosion; Chronology of Edwin Hubble's life and work Bibliography of Hubble's publications References Indexes

rawTOC:
Preface to the English edition; \\ Preface to the Russian edition \\ Life and Work \\ Choosing the way \\ On the threshold of great achievements \\ The island universe \\ The red-shift predecessors \\ The law bearing his name \\ Recognition \\ Civil duty \\ Hopes crushed \\ Hubble's Work Continued \\ Distances to galaxies and the Hubble constant \\ Current and future research projects \\ The discovery of the hot universe \\ Explosion; Chronology of Edwin Hubble's life and work \\ Bibliography of Hubble's publications \\ References \\ Indexes

entry:
@Book{Sharov:1993:EHD,
  author =       "A. S. (Aleksandr Sergeevich) Sharov and I. D. (Igor
                 Dmitrievich) Novikov",
  title =        "{Edwin Hubble}, the discoverer of the big bang
                 universe",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xv + 187",
  year =         "1993",
  ISBN =         "0-521-41617-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-41617-7",
  LCCN =         "QB36.H83 S5313 1993",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 24 01:10:22 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92024683.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/92024683.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Hubble, Edwin Powell; Astronomy; History; 20th
                 century; Cosmology; Astronomers; United States;
                 Biography",
  subject-dates = "1889--1953",
  tableofcontents = "Preface to the English edition; \\
                 Preface to the Russian edition \\
                 Life and Work \\
                 Choosing the way \\
                 On the threshold of great achievements \\
                 The island universe \\
                 The red-shift predecessors \\
                 The law bearing his name \\
                 Recognition \\
                 Civil duty \\
                 Hopes crushed \\
                 Hubble's Work Continued \\
                 Distances to galaxies and the Hubble constant \\
                 Current and future research projects \\
                 The discovery of the hot universe \\
                 Explosion; Chronology of Edwin Hubble's life and work
                 \\
                 Bibliography of Hubble's publications \\
                 References \\
                 Indexes",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Smoot:1993:WT
author: George Smoot and Keay Davidson
title: Wrinkles in time
publisher: W. Morrow
address: New York, NY, USA
pages: vi + 331
year: 1993
ISBN: 0-688-12330-9 OR 0688123309
ISBN13: 978-0-688-12330-7 OR 9780688123307
LCCN: QB981 .S695 1993
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:09:34 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:09:34 MST
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: George Smoot and Keay Davidson
rawtitle: Wrinkles in time
TOC:
In the beginning The dark night sky The expanding universe Cosmological conflict In search of antiworlds Spy in the sky A different universe The heart of darkness The inflationary universe The promise of space COBE First glimpse of wrinkles An awful place to do science Toward the ultimate question

rawTOC:
In the beginning \\ The dark night sky \\ The expanding universe \\ Cosmological conflict \\ In search of antiworlds \\ Spy in the sky \\ A different universe \\ The heart of darkness \\ The inflationary universe \\ The promise of space \\ COBE \\ First glimpse of wrinkles \\ An awful place to do science \\ Toward the ultimate question

entry:
@Book{Smoot:1993:WT,
  author =       "George Smoot and Keay Davidson",
  title =        "Wrinkles in time",
  publisher =    "W. Morrow",
  address =      "New York, NY, USA",
  pages =        "vi + 331",
  year =         "1993",
  ISBN =         "0-688-12330-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-688-12330-7",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .S695 1993",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:09:34 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$25.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology",
  tableofcontents = "In the beginning \\
                 The dark night sky \\
                 The expanding universe \\
                 Cosmological conflict \\
                 In search of antiworlds \\
                 Spy in the sky \\
                 A different universe \\
                 The heart of darkness \\
                 The inflationary universe \\
                 The promise of space \\
                 COBE \\
                 First glimpse of wrinkles \\
                 An awful place to do science \\
                 Toward the ultimate question",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Tropp:1993:AFM
author: E. A. (Eduard Abramovich) Tropp and Viktor Iakovlevich Frenkel and A. D. (Artur Davidovich) Chernin
title: Alexander A. Friedmann: the man who made the universe expand
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: x + 267
year: 1993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511608131
ISBN: 0-521-38470-2 OR 0521384702
ISBN13: 978-0-521-38470-4 OR 9780521384704
LCCN: QC16.F73 T7613 1993
bibdate: Fri Sep 24 01:07:50 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.24 01:07:50 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
subjectdates: 1888--1925
rawauthor: E. A. (Eduard Abramovich) Tropp and Viktor Iakovlevich Frenkel and A. D. (Artur Davidovich) Chernin
rawtitle: {Alexander A. Friedmann}: the man who made the universe expand
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92028315.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/92028315.html

subject:
Fridman, A. A; (Aleksandr Aleksandrovich); Cosmology; Physicists; Soviet Union; Biography; Astrophysicists

TOC:
Preface The Friedmanns and the Vojaceks At the 2nd St Petersburg Gymnasium University years, 1906--1914 In search of a way War years Moscow --- Perm --- Petrograd Theoretical department of the Main Geophysical Observatory Space and time Geometry and dynamics of the Universe Petrograd, 1920--1924 The final year Friedmann's world Conclusion Main dates in Friedmann's life and work Bibliography Name Index

rawTOC:
Preface \\ The Friedmanns and the Vojaceks \\ At the 2nd St Petersburg Gymnasium \\ University years, 1906--1914 \\ In search of a way \\ War years \\ Moscow --- Perm --- Petrograd \\ Theoretical department of the Main Geophysical Observatory \\ Space and time \\ Geometry and dynamics of the Universe \\ Petrograd, 1920--1924 \\ The final year \\ Friedmann's world \\ Conclusion \\ Main dates in Friedmann's life and work \\ Bibliography \\ Name Index

entry:
@Book{Tropp:1993:AFM,
  author =       "E. A. (Eduard Abramovich) Tropp and Viktor Iakovlevich
                 Frenkel and A. D. (Artur Davidovich) Chernin",
  title =        "{Alexander A. Friedmann}: the man who made the
                 universe expand",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "x + 267",
  year =         "1993",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511608131",
  ISBN =         "0-521-38470-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-38470-4",
  LCCN =         "QC16.F73 T7613 1993",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 24 01:07:50 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92028315.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam028/92028315.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Fridman, A. A; (Aleksandr Aleksandrovich); Cosmology;
                 Physicists; Soviet Union; Biography; Astrophysicists",
  subject-dates = "1888--1925",
  tableofcontents = "Preface \\
                 The Friedmanns and the Vojaceks \\
                 At the 2nd St Petersburg Gymnasium \\
                 University years, 1906--1914 \\
                 In search of a way \\
                 War years \\
                 Moscow --- Perm --- Petrograd \\
                 Theoretical department of the Main Geophysical
                 Observatory \\
                 Space and time \\
                 Geometry and dynamics of the Universe \\
                 Petrograd, 1920--1924 \\
                 The final year \\
                 Friedmann's world \\
                 Conclusion \\
                 Main dates in Friedmann's life and work \\
                 Bibliography \\
                 Name Index",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Welsh:1993:NSS
author: Ian Welsh
title: The NIMBY syndrome: its significance in the history of the nuclear debate in Britain
journal: j-BRITISH-J-HIST-SCI
volume: 26
number: 1
pages: 15--32
month: mar
monthnumber: 3
year: 1993
CODEN: BJHSAT
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400030119
ISSN: 0007-0874 (print), 1474-001X (electronic) OR 00070874 (print), 1474001X (electronic)
ISSNL: 0007-0874 OR 00070874
bibdate: Thu Sep 23 07:34:43 MDT 2010
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.23 07:34:43 MDT
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4027338
fjournal: British Journal for the History of Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Ian Welsh
rawtitle: The {NIMBY} syndrome: its significance in the history of the nuclear debate in {Britain}
entry:
@Article{Welsh:1993:NSS,
  author =       "Ian Welsh",
  title =        "The {NIMBY} syndrome: its significance in the history
                 of the nuclear debate in {Britain}",
  journal =      j-BRITISH-J-HIST-SCI,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--32",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "BJHSAT",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400030119",
  ISSN =         "0007-0874 (print), 1474-001X (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0007-0874",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 23 07:34:43 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=BJH;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bjhs1990.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4027338",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "British Journal for the History of Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1994:OU
author: John D. Barrow
title: The origin of the universe
publisher: pub-BASIC-BOOKS
address: pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr
pages: xv + 150
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-465-05354-8 OR 0465053548
ISBN13: 978-0-465-05354-4 OR 9780465053544
LCCN: QB981 .B2798 1994
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
series: Science masters series
subject: Cosmology; Astrophysics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow
rawtitle: The origin of the universe
TOC:
1. The Universe in a Nutshell 2. The Great Universal Catalog 3. The Singularity and Other Problems 4. Inflation and the Particle Physicists 5. Inflation and the COBE Search 6. Time --- an Even Briefer History 7. Into the Labyrinth 8. New Dimensions

rawTOC:
1. The Universe in a Nutshell \\ 2. The Great Universal Catalog \\ 3. The Singularity and Other Problems \\ 4. Inflation and the Particle Physicists \\ 5. Inflation and the COBE Search \\ 6. Time --- an Even Briefer History \\ 7. Into the Labyrinth \\ 8. New Dimensions

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1994:OU,
  author =       "John D. Barrow",
  title =        "The origin of the universe",
  publisher =    pub-BASIC-BOOKS,
  address =      pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr,
  pages =        "xv + 150",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-465-05354-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-465-05354-4",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .B2798 1994",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  price =        "US\$20.00, CAN\$26.75",
  series =       "Science masters series",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology; Astrophysics",
  tableofcontents = "1. The Universe in a Nutshell \\
                 2. The Great Universal Catalog \\
                 3. The Singularity and Other Problems \\
                 4. Inflation and the Particle Physicists \\
                 5. Inflation and the COBE Search \\
                 6. Time --- an Even Briefer History \\
                 7. Into the Labyrinth \\
                 8. New Dimensions",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Grant:1994:PSO
author: Edward Grant
title: Planets, stars, and orbs: the medieval cosmos, 1200--1687
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xxiii + 816
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-521-43344-4 (hardcover) OR 0521433444 (hardcover)
ISBN13: 978-0-521-43344-0 (hardcover) OR 9780521433440 (hardcover)
LCCN: QB981 .G664 1994
bibdate: Fri Sep 24 01:53:16 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.24 01:53:16 MDT
subject: Cosmology, Medieval; Astronomy, Medieval
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Edward Grant
rawtitle: Planets, stars, and orbs: the medieval cosmos, 1200--1687
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/93025899.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam025/93025899.html; http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0862.01006

TOC:
Illustrations / xv Preface / xvii Acknowledgments / xx Abbreviations / xxii Introduction: Scope, Sources, and Social Context I. Pierre Duhem, medieval cosmology and the scope of the present study / 3 I. Duhem and Le Systeme du monde / 3 II. The scope of the present study / 5 i. The three parts / 5 2. Terminology / 7 III. Temporal limits / 9 2. The sources of cosmology in the late Middle Ages / 11 I. The twofold significance of the term ``sources'' / 11 II. The cosmological inheritance / 11 i. Latin cosmological literature from the early Middle Ages / 11 2. Greco-Arabic sources translated in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries / 12 3. The advent of printing and Greco-Latin additions to the medieval heritage in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries / 17 III. The medieval Latin literature of scholastic cosmology, 1200--1687 / 19 1. The medieval university, Aristotle, and the use of the terms ``natural philosophy,'' ``scholastic,'' and ``Aristotelian'' / 19 2. The basic form of cosmological literature: the questiones / 23 3. Questions and commentaries on Aristotle's booktitle De caelo (On the Heavens) / 27 4. Questions and commentaries on cosmological themes in Aristotle's other physical treatises / 31 5. Questions on the Sentences of Peter Lombard / 31 6. Other relevant literature / 33 7. Technical astronomical literature as a source for scholastic cosmology / 36 IV. Idiosyncratic cosmologies / 39 3. The social and institutional matrix of scholastic cosmology / 46 I. Social factors / 46 II. General societal influences / 47 III. The influence of university and church / 50 1. The 1260s and 1270s prior to the Condemnation of 1277 / 50 2. The Condemnation of 1277 / 53 IV. The intellectual tradition as social context / 56 V. The impact of medieval cosmology on society / 59 Part I The Cosmos As A Whole and What, If anything, Lies Beyond 4. Is the world eternal, without beginning or end? / 63 I. Did the world begin by creation, or has it existed without a beginning through an eternal past? / 63 II. Bonaventure's defense of temporal creation and rejection of creation from eternity / 67 III. On the philosophical and theological reconciliation of creation and eternity / 70 IV. Is the world incorruptible, or will it cease to be? / 77 V. Medieval ambivalence / 82 5. The creation of the world / 83 I. Was creation simultaneous, in six days, or both? / 83 II. Was creation from nothing? / 89 III. Scriptural exegesis: Augustine and Thomas Aquinas / 90 IV. On the first four days of creation / 91 V. What is the heaven created on the first day? / 94 VI. On the firmament of the second day / 95 1. The firmament as air / 96 2. The firmament as a single heaven embracing all the planets and the fixed stars / 97 3. The firmament as the sphere of the fixed stars / 100 VII. On the waters above the firmament: the crystalline heaven / 103 VIII. The celestial luminaries created in the firmament on the fourth day / 104 6. The finitude, shape, and place of the world / 106 I. On the finitude of the world / 106 II. On the shape of the world / 113 III. Are the outermost sphere, and the world itself, in a place? / 122 i. Aristotle on the place of a body / 122 2. Responses to the problem / 124 7. The perfection of the world / 136 I. Is the world perfect? / 136 II. Could God make our world more perfect? / 140 1. Increasing the perfection of the world through its parts / 141 2. Increasing the perfection of the world through the order of its parts / 146 3. Increasing the perfection of the world by the improvement of its goal or purpose / 146 4. Does the world's perfection reside in its diversity or uniformity? / 148 8. The possibility of other worlds / 150 I. Plurality of worlds before 1277 / 150 II. Plurality of worlds after 1277 / 155 1. A plurality of simultaneous concentric and eccentric worlds / 156 2. A plurality of simultaneous worlds, each separate and distinct from the others / 157 9. Extracosmic void Space / 169 I. Independent extracosmic void space / 170 II. God-filled extracosmic void Space / 173 III. The meaning of ``imaginary'' in the expression ``imaginary infinite space'' / 177 Part II The Celestial Region 10. The incorruptibility of the celestial region / 189 I. Aristotle on celestial incorruptibility / 191 II. The medieval defense of celestial incorruptibility / 193 1. Theory / 193 2. Experience / 203 III. Scholastic interpretations of celestial incorruptibility in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / 205 1. The traditional scholastic defense of celestial incorruptibility / 206 2. Celestial incorruptibility and the discoveries of Tycho and Galileo / 210 3. The scholastic reaction to the discoveries of Tycho and Galileo / 211 11. Celestial perfection / 220 I. Intracelestial perfection / 220 1. Are all celestial bodies in the same irreducible species? / 220 2. Aristotle on intracelestial degrees of perfection / 223 3. Medieval interpretations: Aquinas, Buridan, and Oresme / 225 4. Continuation and extension of medieval interpretations in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / 231 5. Challenge to the idea of intracelestial, hierarchical perfection / 234 II. Celestial bodies compared to animate and inanimate sublunar bodies / 235 1. Two major opinions comparing the celestial region to living things / 236 2. A big departure: The earth, with the life on it, is more perfect than the Sun / 239 12. On celestial matter: Can it exist in a changeless State? / 244 I. That matter does not exist in the heavens / 245 II. Two rival theories in support of the existence of celestial matter / 250 1. Aquinas and Galileo: Celestial and terrestrial matter differ / 250 2. Aegidius and Ockham: Celestial and terrestrial matter are identical / 254 III. Celestial matter in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century / 259 1. The focus of the debate: Thomas or Aegidius? / 259 2. Scholastic repudiation of incorruptibility: the corruptibility of celestial matter / 262 IV. Some concluding observations about celestial matter and incorruptibility / 268 13. The mobile celestial orbs: concentrics, eccentrics, and epicycles / 271 I. One heaven (or sphere) or many? / 271 II. Concentric versus eccentric orbs / 275 1. Aristotle's System of concentric spheres / 275 2. Ptolemy's System of eccentric spheres / 277 3. The System of eccentrics: Roger Bacon / 279 4. The System of eccentrics: Pierre d'Ailly / 281 5. Epicycles / 283 6. The great compromise: the three-orb System / 284 III. Cosmological problems with eccentrics and epicycles / 286 1. Vacua and condensation and rarefaction in the heavens / 288 2. Are the celestial spheres continuous or contiguous? / 289 3. The rejection of continuity and contiguity: the assumption of matter between two orbs / 293 4. If eccentrics exist, can the earth lie at the center of the world? / 296 5. Eccentrics and the problem of a plurality of centers / 297 6. Would planets move with rectilinear motion if eccentrics and epicycles existed? / 298 7. The problem with epicycles / 299 8. Summary of differences with Aristotle / 302 9. On the physical nature of eccentrics / 303 10. On the assumed physical reality of eccentrics and epicycles / 307 IV. On the number and order of the mobile heavenly orbs / 308 1. On the order of the heavens / 308 2. The number of orbs / 315 14. Are the heavens composed of hard orbs or a fluid substance? / 324 I. Modern interpretations of medieval orbs / 324 II. The meaning of the term solidum in the Middle Ages / 328 III. The three major positions / 331 IV. The crystalline orb / 332 V. The firmament and the planetary orbs / 334 VI. On the difficulties of determining whether natural philosophers assumed hard or fluid orbs in the late Middle Ages / 342 VII. When did ``solid orb'' become synonymous with ``hard orb''? / 345 VIII. The scholastic reaction to Tycho Brahe: hard orbs or fluid heavens, or both, in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century? / 348 1. Scholastic arguments for fluid heavens / 351 2. Scholastic arguments for hard spheres / 361 IX. The diversity of opinion / 368 15. The immobile orb of the cosmos: the empyrean heaven / 371 I. Features and properties of the empyrean heaven / 371 II. Arguments for and against an immobile sphere / 374 1. The arguments against / 374 2. In defense of an empyrean sphere / 376 III. Can the empyrean heaven influence the terrestrial region? / 378 IV. Concepts of the empyrean orb in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century / 382 1. Does the empyrean heaven cause terrestrial effects? / 384 2. The Status of the empyrean heaven / 387 16. Celestial light / 390 I. The sources / 390 II. Lux and lumen / 392 III. Are the stars and planets self-luminous, or do they receive their light from the Sun? / 393 1. The Sun as sole source of celestial light / 395 2. That the celestial bodies have some or all of their light from themselves / 400 3. Seventeenth-century scholastic interpretations and the new discoveries / 402 IV. Is the light of the stars and planets of the same species? / 419 V. Celestial light as a mix of old and new / 420 17. The properties and qualities of celestial bodies, and the dimensions of the world / 422 I. The celestial ether / 422 II. Whether all celestial orbs and bodies belong to the same species / 428 III. The dimensions of the world and its celestial bodies / 433 IV. The properties and qualities of the stars and planets / 443 1. The fixed stars / 443 2. The Sun / 451 3. The Moon / 459 4. The other planets / 466 V. Are the heavens alive? / 469 1. Two senses of life / 471 2. The theological reaction to the idea of living celestial bodies: the Condemnation of 1277 / 472 3. The intellective, or rational, soul / 474 4. Heavens not really animated / 486 18. On celestial motions and their causes / 488 I. The kinematics of celestial motion / 488 1. Uniformity and regularity / 488 2. Contrary motions / 497 3. On the commensurability or incommensurability of the celestial motions and the Great Year / 498 II. The dynamics of celestial motion / 514 1. Aristotle on internal and external celestial movers / 514 2. Medieval concepts of the prime mover / 517 3. Medieval concepts of the other celestial movers / 523 4. External movers: intelligences (or angels) / 526 5. Internal movers / 545 6. External and internal motive forces that act simultaneously / 553 7. Al-Bitruji and the desire to avoid contrary motions / 563 8. Did angels and intelligences function as mechanical forces? / 567 19. The influence of the celestial region on the terrestrial / 569 I. Celestial actions and human free will / 569 II. The general claim for celestial influence / 570 III. The basis of belief in celestial causes of terrestrial change / 571 1. The theory of celestial causation / 571 2. The empirical basis for celestial causation / 575 IV. Can celestial bodies generate living things? / 579 V. The instrumentalities of celestial action / 586 1. Motion / 588 2. Light / 603 3. Influence / 611 VI. Universal nature and the preservation of the world / 615 20. The earth and its cosmic relations: size, centrality, shape, and immobility / 618 I. The size of the earth / 620 II. The earth's centrality / 622 1. The three centers / 622 2. Does the earth move with small rectilinear motions? / 624 III. The shape of the earth / 626 IV. The terraqueous globe / 630 1. The curious and minimal role of water in the determination of the earth's center of gravity / 630 2. One center of gravity for the two separate spheres of water and earth / 634 3. The terraqueous globe: Earth and water form one sphere, with one center of gravity / 635 V. The earth's immobility: rejection of a daily axial rotation / 637 1. The medieval scholastic case for and against the earth's axial rotation / 639 2. The debate over the earth's immobility after Copernicus / 647 3. Scholastic attitudes toward the heliocentric system / 672 Conclusion: Five centuries of scholastic cosmology / 675 I. Tradition / 675 II. Innovation / 676 Appendix I: Catalog of Questions on Medieval Cosmology, 1200--1687 / 681 Part I. The world as a whole / 682 Part II. The celestial region / 694 Part III. Questions relevant to the celestial and terrestrial regions / 719 Part IV. The terrestrial [or sublunar] region / 731 Appendix II: The anatomy of medieval cosmology the significance of the ``Catalog of Questions'' in Appendix I / 742 I. Chronological list of authors and works on which the ``Catalog of Questions'' is based / 742 II. Authors / 747 III. Works / 751 IV. The questions / 754 1. Organization of questions / 755 2. On similarities and differences among questions / 756 3. Criteria for inclusion and exclusion of questions / 757 4. On the adequacy of the sample of authors, works, and questions / 761 5. What the ``Catalog of Questions'' reveals / 762 6. Within the compass of a single treatise, were some questions judged more important than others? / 766 Bibliography / 776 Index / 798

rawTOC:
Illustrations / xv \\ Preface / xvii \\ Acknowledgments / xx \\ Abbreviations / xxii \\ Introduction: Scope, Sources, and Social Context \\ I. Pierre Duhem, medieval cosmology and the scope of the present study / 3 \\ I. Duhem and Le Systeme du monde / 3 \\ II. The scope of the present study / 5 \\ i. The three parts / 5 \\ 2. Terminology / 7 \\ III. Temporal limits / 9 \\ 2. The sources of cosmology in the late Middle Ages / 11 \\ I. The twofold significance of the term ``sources'' / 11 \\ II. The cosmological inheritance / 11 \\ i. Latin cosmological literature from the early Middle Ages / 11 \\ 2. Greco-Arabic sources translated in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries / 12 \\ 3. The advent of printing and Greco-Latin additions to the medieval heritage in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries / 17 \\ III. The medieval Latin literature of scholastic cosmology, 1200--1687 / 19 \\ 1. The medieval university, Aristotle, and the use of the terms ``natural philosophy,'' ``scholastic,'' and ``Aristotelian'' / 19 \\ 2. The basic form of cosmological literature: the questiones / 23 \\ 3. Questions and commentaries on Aristotle's \booktitle{De caelo} (On the Heavens) / 27 \\ 4. Questions and commentaries on cosmological themes in Aristotle's other physical treatises / 31 \\ 5. Questions on the Sentences of Peter Lombard / 31 \\ 6. Other relevant literature / 33 \\ 7. Technical astronomical literature as a source for scholastic cosmology / 36 \\ IV. Idiosyncratic cosmologies / 39 \\ 3. The social and institutional matrix of scholastic cosmology / 46 \\ I. Social factors / 46 \\ II. General societal influences / 47 \\ III. The influence of university and church / 50 \\ 1. The 1260s and 1270s prior to the Condemnation of 1277 / 50 \\ 2. The Condemnation of 1277 / 53 \\ IV. The intellectual tradition as social context / 56 \\ V. The impact of medieval cosmology on society / 59 \\ Part I The Cosmos As A Whole and What, If anything, Lies Beyond \\ 4. Is the world eternal, without beginning or end? / 63 \\ I. Did the world begin by creation, or has it existed without a beginning through an eternal past? / 63 \\ II. Bonaventure's defense of temporal creation and rejection of creation from eternity / 67 \\ III. On the philosophical and theological reconciliation of creation and eternity / 70 \\ IV. Is the world incorruptible, or will it cease to be? / 77 \\ V. Medieval ambivalence / 82 \\ 5. The creation of the world / 83 \\ I. Was creation simultaneous, in six days, or both? / 83 \\ II. Was creation from nothing? / 89 \\ III. Scriptural exegesis: Augustine and Thomas Aquinas / 90 \\ IV. On the first four days of creation / 91 \\ V. What is the heaven created on the first day? / 94 \\ VI. On the firmament of the second day / 95 \\ 1. The firmament as air / 96 \\ 2. The firmament as a single heaven embracing all the planets and the fixed stars / 97 \\ 3. The firmament as the sphere of the fixed stars / 100 \\ VII. On the waters above the firmament: the crystalline heaven / 103 \\ VIII. The celestial luminaries created in the firmament on the fourth day / 104 \\ 6. The finitude, shape, and place of the world / 106 \\ I. On the finitude of the world / 106 \\ II. On the shape of the world / 113 \\ III. Are the outermost sphere, and the world itself, in a place? / 122 \\ i. Aristotle on the place of a body / 122 \\ 2. Responses to the problem / 124 \\ 7. The perfection of the world / 136 \\ I. Is the world perfect? / 136 \\ II. Could God make our world more perfect? / 140 \\ 1. Increasing the perfection of the world through its parts / 141 \\ 2. Increasing the perfection of the world through the order of its parts / 146 \\ 3. Increasing the perfection of the world by the improvement of its goal or purpose / 146 \\ 4. Does the world's perfection reside in its diversity or uniformity? / 148 \\ 8. The possibility of other worlds / 150 \\ I. Plurality of worlds before 1277 / 150 \\ II. Plurality of worlds after 1277 / 155 \\ 1. A plurality of simultaneous concentric and eccentric worlds / 156 \\ 2. A plurality of simultaneous worlds, each separate and distinct from the others / 157 \\ 9. Extracosmic void Space / 169 \\ I. Independent extracosmic void space / 170 \\ II. God-filled extracosmic void Space / 173 \\ III. The meaning of ``imaginary'' in the expression ``imaginary infinite space'' / 177 \\ Part II The Celestial Region \\ 10. The incorruptibility of the celestial region / 189 \\ I. Aristotle on celestial incorruptibility / 191 \\ II. The medieval defense of celestial incorruptibility / 193 \\ 1. Theory / 193 \\ 2. Experience / 203 \\ III. Scholastic interpretations of celestial incorruptibility in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / 205 \\ 1. The traditional scholastic defense of celestial incorruptibility / 206 \\ 2. Celestial incorruptibility and the discoveries of Tycho and Galileo / 210 \\ 3. The scholastic reaction to the discoveries of Tycho and Galileo / 211 \\ 11. Celestial perfection / 220 \\ I. Intracelestial perfection / 220 \\ 1. Are all celestial bodies in the same irreducible species? / 220 \\ 2. Aristotle on intracelestial degrees of perfection / 223 \\ 3. Medieval interpretations: Aquinas, Buridan, and Oresme / 225 \\ 4. Continuation and extension of medieval interpretations in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / 231 \\ 5. Challenge to the idea of intracelestial, hierarchical perfection / 234 \\ II. Celestial bodies compared to animate and inanimate sublunar bodies / 235 \\ 1. Two major opinions comparing the celestial region to living things / 236 \\ 2. A big departure: The earth, with the life on it, is more perfect than the Sun / 239 \\ 12. On celestial matter: Can it exist in a changeless State? / 244 \\ I. That matter does not exist in the heavens / 245 \\ II. Two rival theories in support of the existence of celestial matter / 250 \\ 1. Aquinas and Galileo: Celestial and terrestrial matter differ / 250 \\ 2. Aegidius and Ockham: Celestial and terrestrial matter are identical / 254 \\ III. Celestial matter in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century / 259 \\ 1. The focus of the debate: Thomas or Aegidius? / 259 \\ 2. Scholastic repudiation of incorruptibility: the corruptibility of celestial matter / 262 \\ IV. Some concluding observations about celestial matter and incorruptibility / 268 \\ 13. The mobile celestial orbs: concentrics, eccentrics, and epicycles / 271 \\ I. One heaven (or sphere) or many? / 271 \\ II. Concentric versus eccentric orbs / 275 \\ 1. Aristotle's System of concentric spheres / 275 \\ 2. Ptolemy's System of eccentric spheres / 277 \\ 3. The System of eccentrics: Roger Bacon / 279 \\ 4. The System of eccentrics: Pierre d'Ailly / 281 \\ 5. Epicycles / 283 \\ 6. The great compromise: the three-orb System / 284 \\ III. Cosmological problems with eccentrics and epicycles / 286 \\ 1. Vacua and condensation and rarefaction in the heavens / 288 \\ 2. Are the celestial spheres continuous or contiguous? / 289 \\ 3. The rejection of continuity and contiguity: the assumption of matter between two orbs / 293 \\ 4. If eccentrics exist, can the earth lie at the center of the world? / 296 \\ 5. Eccentrics and the problem of a plurality of centers / 297 \\ 6. Would planets move with rectilinear motion if eccentrics and epicycles existed? / 298 \\ 7. The problem with epicycles / 299 \\ 8. Summary of differences with Aristotle / 302 \\ 9. On the physical nature of eccentrics / 303 \\ 10. On the assumed physical reality of eccentrics and epicycles / 307 \\ IV. On the number and order of the mobile heavenly orbs / 308 \\ 1. On the order of the heavens / 308 \\ 2. The number of orbs / 315 \\ 14. Are the heavens composed of hard orbs or a fluid substance? / 324 \\ I. Modern interpretations of medieval orbs / 324 \\ II. The meaning of the term solidum in the Middle Ages / 328 \\ III. The three major positions / 331 \\ IV. The crystalline orb / 332 \\ V. The firmament and the planetary orbs / 334 \\ VI. On the difficulties of determining whether natural philosophers assumed hard or fluid orbs in the late Middle Ages / 342 \\ VII. When did ``solid orb'' become synonymous with ``hard orb''? / 345 \\ VIII. The scholastic reaction to Tycho Brahe: hard orbs or fluid heavens, or both, in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century? / 348 \\ 1. Scholastic arguments for fluid heavens / 351 \\ 2. Scholastic arguments for hard spheres / 361 \\ IX. The diversity of opinion / 368 \\ 15. The immobile orb of the cosmos: the empyrean heaven / 371 \\ I. Features and properties of the empyrean heaven / 371 \\ II. Arguments for and against an immobile sphere / 374 \\ 1. The arguments against / 374 \\ 2. In defense of an empyrean sphere / 376 \\ III. Can the empyrean heaven influence the terrestrial region? / 378 \\ IV. Concepts of the empyrean orb in the late sixteenth and the seventeenth Century / 382 \\ 1. Does the empyrean heaven cause terrestrial effects? / 384 \\ 2. The Status of the empyrean heaven / 387 \\ 16. Celestial light / 390 \\ I. The sources / 390 \\ II. Lux and lumen / 392 \\ III. Are the stars and planets self-luminous, or do they receive their light from the Sun? / 393 \\ 1. The Sun as sole source of celestial light / 395 \\ 2. That the celestial bodies have some or all of their light from themselves / 400 \\ 3. Seventeenth-century scholastic interpretations and the new discoveries / 402 \\ IV. Is the light of the stars and planets of the same species? / 419 \\ V. Celestial light as a mix of old and new / 420 \\ 17. The properties and qualities of celestial bodies, and the dimensions of the world / 422 \\ I. The celestial ether / 422 \\ II. Whether all celestial orbs and bodies belong to the same species / 428 \\ III. The dimensions of the world and its celestial bodies / 433 \\ IV. The properties and qualities of the stars and planets / 443 \\ 1. The fixed stars / 443 \\ 2. The Sun / 451 \\ 3. The Moon / 459 \\ 4. The other planets / 466 \\ V. Are the heavens alive? / 469 \\ 1. Two senses of life / 471 \\ 2. The theological reaction to the idea of living celestial bodies: the Condemnation of 1277 / 472 \\ 3. The intellective, or rational, soul / 474 \\ 4. Heavens not really animated / 486 \\ 18. On celestial motions and their causes / 488 \\ I. The kinematics of celestial motion / 488 \\ 1. Uniformity and regularity / 488 \\ 2. Contrary motions / 497 \\ 3. On the commensurability or incommensurability of the celestial motions and the Great Year / 498 \\ II. The dynamics of celestial motion / 514 \\ 1. Aristotle on internal and external celestial movers / 514 \\ 2. Medieval concepts of the prime mover / 517 \\ 3. Medieval concepts of the other celestial movers / 523 \\ 4. External movers: intelligences (or angels) / 526 \\ 5. Internal movers / 545 \\ 6. External and internal motive forces that act simultaneously / 553 \\ 7. Al-Bitr{\=u}j{\=\i} and the desire to avoid contrary motions / 563 \\ 8. Did angels and intelligences function as mechanical forces? / 567 \\ 19. The influence of the celestial region on the terrestrial / 569 \\ I. Celestial actions and human free will / 569 \\ II. The general claim for celestial influence / 570 \\ III. The basis of belief in celestial causes of terrestrial change / 571 \\ 1. The theory of celestial causation / 571 \\ 2. The empirical basis for celestial causation / 575 \\ IV. Can celestial bodies generate living things? / 579 \\ V. The instrumentalities of celestial action / 586 \\ 1. Motion / 588 \\ 2. Light / 603 \\ 3. Influence / 611 \\ VI. Universal nature and the preservation of the world / 615 \\ 20. The earth and its cosmic relations: size, centrality, shape, and immobility / 618 \\ I. The size of the earth / 620 \\ II. The earth's centrality / 622 \\ 1. The three centers / 622 \\ 2. Does the earth move with small rectilinear motions? / 624 \\ III. The shape of the earth / 626 \\ IV. The terraqueous globe / 630 \\ 1. The curious and minimal role of water in the determination of the earth's center of gravity / 630 \\ 2. One center of gravity for the two separate spheres of water and earth / 634 \\ 3. The terraqueous globe: Earth and water form one sphere, with one center of gravity / 635 \\ V. The earth's immobility: rejection of a daily axial rotation / 637 \\ 1. The medieval scholastic case for and against the earth's axial rotation / 639 \\ 2. The debate over the earth's immobility after Copernicus / 647 \\ 3. Scholastic attitudes toward the heliocentric system / 672 \\ Conclusion: Five centuries of scholastic cosmology / 675 \\ I. Tradition / 675 \\ II. Innovation / 676 \\ Appendix I: Catalog of Questions on Medieval Cosmology, 1200--1687 / 681 \\ Part I. The world as a whole / 682 \\ Part II. The celestial region / 694 \\ Part III. Questions relevant to the celestial and terrestrial regions / 719 \\ Part IV. The terrestrial [or sublunar] region / 731 \\ Appendix II: The anatomy of medieval cosmology \\ the significance of the ``Catalog of Questions'' in Appendix I / 742 \\ I. Chronological list of authors and works on which the ``Catalog of Questions'' is based / 742 \\ II. Authors / 747 \\ III. Works / 751 \\ IV. The questions / 754 \\ 1. Organization of questions / 755 \\ 2. On similarities and differences among questions / 756 \\ 3. Criteria for inclusion and exclusion of questions / 757 \\ 4. On the adequacy of the sample of authors, works, and questions / 761 \\ 5. What the ``Catalog of Questions'' reveals / 762 \\ 6. Within the compass of a single treatise, were some questions judged more important than others? / 766 \\ Bibliography / 776 \\ Index / 798

entry:
@Book{Grant:1994:PSO,
  author =       "Edward Grant",
  title =        "Planets, stars, and orbs: the medieval cosmos,
                 1200--1687",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xxiii + 816",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-521-43344-4 (hardcover)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-43344-0 (hardcover)",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .G664 1994",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 24 01:53:16 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/93025899.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam025/93025899.html;
                 http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0862.01006",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology, Medieval; Astronomy, Medieval",
  tableofcontents = "Illustrations / xv \\
                 Preface / xvii \\
                 Acknowledgments / xx \\
                 Abbreviations / xxii \\
                 Introduction: Scope, Sources, and Social Context \\
                 I. Pierre Duhem, medieval cosmology and the scope of
                 the present study / 3 \\
                 I. Duhem and Le Systeme du monde / 3 \\
                 II. The scope of the present study / 5 \\
                 i. The three parts / 5 \\
                 2. Terminology / 7 \\
                 III. Temporal limits / 9 \\
                 2. The sources of cosmology in the late Middle Ages /
                 11 \\
                 I. The twofold significance of the term ``sources'' /
                 11 \\
                 II. The cosmological inheritance / 11 \\
                 i. Latin cosmological literature from the early Middle
                 Ages / 11 \\
                 2. Greco-Arabic sources translated in the twelfth and
                 thirteenth centuries / 12 \\
                 3. The advent of printing and Greco-Latin additions to
                 the medieval heritage in the fifteenth and sixteenth
                 centuries / 17 \\
                 III. The medieval Latin literature of scholastic
                 cosmology, 1200--1687 / 19 \\
                 1. The medieval university, Aristotle, and the use of
                 the terms ``natural philosophy,'' ``scholastic,'' and
                 ``Aristotelian'' / 19 \\
                 2. The basic form of cosmological literature: the
                 questiones / 23 \\
                 3. Questions and commentaries on Aristotle's
                 \booktitle{De caelo} (On the Heavens) / 27 \\
                 4. Questions and commentaries on cosmological themes in
                 Aristotle's other physical treatises / 31 \\
                 5. Questions on the Sentences of Peter Lombard / 31 \\
                 6. Other relevant literature / 33 \\
                 7. Technical astronomical literature as a source for
                 scholastic cosmology / 36 \\
                 IV. Idiosyncratic cosmologies / 39 \\
                 3. The social and institutional matrix of scholastic
                 cosmology / 46 \\
                 I. Social factors / 46 \\
                 II. General societal influences / 47 \\
                 III. The influence of university and church / 50 \\
                 1. The 1260s and 1270s prior to the Condemnation of
                 1277 / 50 \\
                 2. The Condemnation of 1277 / 53 \\
                 IV. The intellectual tradition as social context / 56
                 \\
                 V. The impact of medieval cosmology on society / 59 \\
                 Part I The Cosmos As A Whole and What, If anything,
                 Lies Beyond \\
                 4. Is the world eternal, without beginning or end? / 63
                 \\
                 I. Did the world begin by creation, or has it existed
                 without a beginning through an eternal past? / 63 \\
                 II. Bonaventure's defense of temporal creation and
                 rejection of creation from eternity / 67 \\
                 III. On the philosophical and theological
                 reconciliation of creation and eternity / 70 \\
                 IV. Is the world incorruptible, or will it cease to be?
                 / 77 \\
                 V. Medieval ambivalence / 82 \\
                 5. The creation of the world / 83 \\
                 I. Was creation simultaneous, in six days, or both? /
                 83 \\
                 II. Was creation from nothing? / 89 \\
                 III. Scriptural exegesis: Augustine and Thomas Aquinas
                 / 90 \\
                 IV. On the first four days of creation / 91 \\
                 V. What is the heaven created on the first day? / 94
                 \\
                 VI. On the firmament of the second day / 95 \\
                 1. The firmament as air / 96 \\
                 2. The firmament as a single heaven embracing all the
                 planets and the fixed stars / 97 \\
                 3. The firmament as the sphere of the fixed stars / 100
                 \\
                 VII. On the waters above the firmament: the crystalline
                 heaven / 103 \\
                 VIII. The celestial luminaries created in the firmament
                 on the fourth day / 104 \\
                 6. The finitude, shape, and place of the world / 106
                 \\
                 I. On the finitude of the world / 106 \\
                 II. On the shape of the world / 113 \\
                 III. Are the outermost sphere, and the world itself, in
                 a place? / 122 \\
                 i. Aristotle on the place of a body / 122 \\
                 2. Responses to the problem / 124 \\
                 7. The perfection of the world / 136 \\
                 I. Is the world perfect? / 136 \\
                 II. Could God make our world more perfect? / 140 \\
                 1. Increasing the perfection of the world through its
                 parts / 141 \\
                 2. Increasing the perfection of the world through the
                 order of its parts / 146 \\
                 3. Increasing the perfection of the world by the
                 improvement of its goal or purpose / 146 \\
                 4. Does the world's perfection reside in its diversity
                 or uniformity? / 148 \\
                 8. The possibility of other worlds / 150 \\
                 I. Plurality of worlds before 1277 / 150 \\
                 II. Plurality of worlds after 1277 / 155 \\
                 1. A plurality of simultaneous concentric and eccentric
                 worlds / 156 \\
                 2. A plurality of simultaneous worlds, each separate
                 and distinct from the others / 157 \\
                 9. Extracosmic void Space / 169 \\
                 I. Independent extracosmic void space / 170 \\
                 II. God-filled extracosmic void Space / 173 \\
                 III. The meaning of ``imaginary'' in the expression
                 ``imaginary infinite space'' / 177 \\
                 Part II The Celestial Region \\
                 10. The incorruptibility of the celestial region / 189
                 \\
                 I. Aristotle on celestial incorruptibility / 191 \\
                 II. The medieval defense of celestial incorruptibility
                 / 193 \\
                 1. Theory / 193 \\
                 2. Experience / 203 \\
                 III. Scholastic interpretations of celestial
                 incorruptibility in the sixteenth and seventeenth
                 centuries / 205 \\
                 1. The traditional scholastic defense of celestial
                 incorruptibility / 206 \\
                 2. Celestial incorruptibility and the discoveries of
                 Tycho and Galileo / 210 \\
                 3. The scholastic reaction to the discoveries of Tycho
                 and Galileo / 211 \\
                 11. Celestial perfection / 220 \\
                 I. Intracelestial perfection / 220 \\
                 1. Are all celestial bodies in the same irreducible
                 species? / 220 \\
                 2. Aristotle on intracelestial degrees of perfection /
                 223 \\
                 3. Medieval interpretations: Aquinas, Buridan, and
                 Oresme / 225 \\
                 4. Continuation and extension of medieval
                 interpretations in the sixteenth and seventeenth
                 centuries / 231 \\
                 5. Challenge to the idea of intracelestial,
                 hierarchical perfection / 234 \\
                 II. Celestial bodies compared to animate and inanimate
                 sublunar bodies / 235 \\
                 1. Two major opinions comparing the celestial region to
                 living things / 236 \\
                 2. A big departure: The earth, with the life on it, is
                 more perfect than the Sun / 239 \\
                 12. On celestial matter: Can it exist in a changeless
                 State? / 244 \\
                 I. That matter does not exist in the heavens / 245 \\
                 II. Two rival theories in support of the existence of
                 celestial matter / 250 \\
                 1. Aquinas and Galileo: Celestial and terrestrial
                 matter differ / 250 \\
                 2. Aegidius and Ockham: Celestial and terrestrial
                 matter are identical / 254 \\
                 III. Celestial matter in the late sixteenth and the
                 seventeenth Century / 259 \\
                 1. The focus of the debate: Thomas or Aegidius? / 259
                 \\
                 2. Scholastic repudiation of incorruptibility: the
                 corruptibility of celestial matter / 262 \\
                 IV. Some concluding observations about celestial matter
                 and incorruptibility / 268 \\
                 13. The mobile celestial orbs: concentrics, eccentrics,
                 and epicycles / 271 \\
                 I. One heaven (or sphere) or many? / 271 \\
                 II. Concentric versus eccentric orbs / 275 \\
                 1. Aristotle's System of concentric spheres / 275 \\
                 2. Ptolemy's System of eccentric spheres / 277 \\
                 3. The System of eccentrics: Roger Bacon / 279 \\
                 4. The System of eccentrics: Pierre d'Ailly / 281 \\
                 5. Epicycles / 283 \\
                 6. The great compromise: the three-orb System / 284 \\
                 III. Cosmological problems with eccentrics and
                 epicycles / 286 \\
                 1. Vacua and condensation and rarefaction in the
                 heavens / 288 \\
                 2. Are the celestial spheres continuous or contiguous?
                 / 289 \\
                 3. The rejection of continuity and contiguity: the
                 assumption of matter between two orbs / 293 \\
                 4. If eccentrics exist, can the earth lie at the center
                 of the world? / 296 \\
                 5. Eccentrics and the problem of a plurality of centers
                 / 297 \\
                 6. Would planets move with rectilinear motion if
                 eccentrics and epicycles existed? / 298 \\
                 7. The problem with epicycles / 299 \\
                 8. Summary of differences with Aristotle / 302 \\
                 9. On the physical nature of eccentrics / 303 \\
                 10. On the assumed physical reality of eccentrics and
                 epicycles / 307 \\
                 IV. On the number and order of the mobile heavenly orbs
                 / 308 \\
                 1. On the order of the heavens / 308 \\
                 2. The number of orbs / 315 \\
                 14. Are the heavens composed of hard orbs or a fluid
                 substance? / 324 \\
                 I. Modern interpretations of medieval orbs / 324 \\
                 II. The meaning of the term solidum in the Middle Ages
                 / 328 \\
                 III. The three major positions / 331 \\
                 IV. The crystalline orb / 332 \\
                 V. The firmament and the planetary orbs / 334 \\
                 VI. On the difficulties of determining whether natural
                 philosophers assumed hard or fluid orbs in the late
                 Middle Ages / 342 \\
                 VII. When did ``solid orb'' become synonymous with
                 ``hard orb''? / 345 \\
                 VIII. The scholastic reaction to Tycho Brahe: hard orbs
                 or fluid heavens, or both, in the late sixteenth and
                 the seventeenth Century? / 348 \\
                 1. Scholastic arguments for fluid heavens / 351 \\
                 2. Scholastic arguments for hard spheres / 361 \\
                 IX. The diversity of opinion / 368 \\
                 15. The immobile orb of the cosmos: the empyrean heaven
                 / 371 \\
                 I. Features and properties of the empyrean heaven / 371
                 \\
                 II. Arguments for and against an immobile sphere / 374
                 \\
                 1. The arguments against / 374 \\
                 2. In defense of an empyrean sphere / 376 \\
                 III. Can the empyrean heaven influence the terrestrial
                 region? / 378 \\
                 IV. Concepts of the empyrean orb in the late sixteenth
                 and the seventeenth Century / 382 \\
                 1. Does the empyrean heaven cause terrestrial effects?
                 / 384 \\
                 2. The Status of the empyrean heaven / 387 \\
                 16. Celestial light / 390 \\
                 I. The sources / 390 \\
                 II. Lux and lumen / 392 \\
                 III. Are the stars and planets self-luminous, or do
                 they receive their light from the Sun? / 393 \\
                 1. The Sun as sole source of celestial light / 395 \\
                 2. That the celestial bodies have some or all of their
                 light from themselves / 400 \\
                 3. Seventeenth-century scholastic interpretations and
                 the new discoveries / 402 \\
                 IV. Is the light of the stars and planets of the same
                 species? / 419 \\
                 V. Celestial light as a mix of old and new / 420 \\
                 17. The properties and qualities of celestial bodies,
                 and the dimensions of the world / 422 \\
                 I. The celestial ether / 422 \\
                 II. Whether all celestial orbs and bodies belong to the
                 same species / 428 \\
                 III. The dimensions of the world and its celestial
                 bodies / 433 \\
                 IV. The properties and qualities of the stars and
                 planets / 443 \\
                 1. The fixed stars / 443 \\
                 2. The Sun / 451 \\
                 3. The Moon / 459 \\
                 4. The other planets / 466 \\
                 V. Are the heavens alive? / 469 \\
                 1. Two senses of life / 471 \\
                 2. The theological reaction to the idea of living
                 celestial bodies: the Condemnation of 1277 / 472 \\
                 3. The intellective, or rational, soul / 474 \\
                 4. Heavens not really animated / 486 \\
                 18. On celestial motions and their causes / 488 \\
                 I. The kinematics of celestial motion / 488 \\
                 1. Uniformity and regularity / 488 \\
                 2. Contrary motions / 497 \\
                 3. On the commensurability or incommensurability of the
                 celestial motions and the Great Year / 498 \\
                 II. The dynamics of celestial motion / 514 \\
                 1. Aristotle on internal and external celestial movers
                 / 514 \\
                 2. Medieval concepts of the prime mover / 517 \\
                 3. Medieval concepts of the other celestial movers /
                 523 \\
                 4. External movers: intelligences (or angels) / 526 \\
                 5. Internal movers / 545 \\
                 6. External and internal motive forces that act
                 simultaneously / 553 \\
                 7. Al-Bitr{\=u}j{\=\i} and the desire to avoid contrary
                 motions / 563 \\
                 8. Did angels and intelligences function as mechanical
                 forces? / 567 \\
                 19. The influence of the celestial region on the
                 terrestrial / 569 \\
                 I. Celestial actions and human free will / 569 \\
                 II. The general claim for celestial influence / 570 \\
                 III. The basis of belief in celestial causes of
                 terrestrial change / 571 \\
                 1. The theory of celestial causation / 571 \\
                 2. The empirical basis for celestial causation / 575
                 \\
                 IV. Can celestial bodies generate living things? / 579
                 \\
                 V. The instrumentalities of celestial action / 586 \\
                 1. Motion / 588 \\
                 2. Light / 603 \\
                 3. Influence / 611 \\
                 VI. Universal nature and the preservation of the world
                 / 615 \\
                 20. The earth and its cosmic relations: size,
                 centrality, shape, and immobility / 618 \\
                 I. The size of the earth / 620 \\
                 II. The earth's centrality / 622 \\
                 1. The three centers / 622 \\
                 2. Does the earth move with small rectilinear motions?
                 / 624 \\
                 III. The shape of the earth / 626 \\
                 IV. The terraqueous globe / 630 \\
                 1. The curious and minimal role of water in the
                 determination of the earth's center of gravity / 630
                 \\
                 2. One center of gravity for the two separate spheres
                 of water and earth / 634 \\
                 3. The terraqueous globe: Earth and water form one
                 sphere, with one center of gravity / 635 \\
                 V. The earth's immobility: rejection of a daily axial
                 rotation / 637 \\
                 1. The medieval scholastic case for and against the
                 earth's axial rotation / 639 \\
                 2. The debate over the earth's immobility after
                 Copernicus / 647 \\
                 3. Scholastic attitudes toward the heliocentric system
                 / 672 \\
                 Conclusion: Five centuries of scholastic cosmology /
                 675 \\
                 I. Tradition / 675 \\
                 II. Innovation / 676 \\
                 Appendix I: Catalog of Questions on Medieval Cosmology,
                 1200--1687 / 681 \\
                 Part I. The world as a whole / 682 \\
                 Part II. The celestial region / 694 \\
                 Part III. Questions relevant to the celestial and
                 terrestrial regions / 719 \\
                 Part IV. The terrestrial [or sublunar] region / 731 \\
                 Appendix II: The anatomy of medieval cosmology \\
                 the significance of the ``Catalog of Questions'' in
                 Appendix I / 742 \\
                 I. Chronological list of authors and works on which the
                 ``Catalog of Questions'' is based / 742 \\
                 II. Authors / 747 \\
                 III. Works / 751 \\
                 IV. The questions / 754 \\
                 1. Organization of questions / 755 \\
                 2. On similarities and differences among questions /
                 756 \\
                 3. Criteria for inclusion and exclusion of questions /
                 757 \\
                 4. On the adequacy of the sample of authors, works, and
                 questions / 761 \\
                 5. What the ``Catalog of Questions'' reveals / 762 \\
                 6. Within the compass of a single treatise, were some
                 questions judged more important than others? / 766 \\
                 Bibliography / 776 \\
                 Index / 798",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hoyle:1994:HWW
author: Fred Hoyle
title: Home is where the wind blows: chapters from a cosmologist's life
publisher: University Science Books
address: Mill Valley, CA, USA
pages: xi + 443 + 24
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-935702-27-X (hardcover) OR 093570227X (hardcover)
ISBN13: 978-0-935702-27-9 (hardcover) OR 9780935702279 (hardcover)
LCCN: QB460.72.H69 A3 1994
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 10:24:35 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 10:24:35 MDT
subject: Hoyle, Fred; Astrophysics; History; Astrophysicists; Great Britain; Biography
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1915--2001
subjectdates: 1915--2001
rawauthor: Fred Hoyle
rawtitle: Home is where the wind blows: chapters from a cosmologist's life
abstract:
In booktitle Home Is Where the Wind Blows, Sir Fred Hoyle, one of this century's most eminent scientists and author of dozens of successful books, both fiction and nonfiction, offers a revealing and charming account of his life and work. Mathematician, physicist, astronomer, cosmologist --- Sir Fred is perhaps best known, in scientific circles, for his brilliant explanation of the origin of the elements from hydrogen nuclei in stars (a process known as nucleosynthesis) and for developing (with Sir Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold) the elegant but controversial steady-state theory of the Universe (which assumes the continuous creation of matter). In 1950, in the last of a series of radio lectures on astronomy that he delivered on the air for the BBC, Sir Fred coined the term ``Big Bang'' to characterize the competing expanding-Universe theory, which has since become the dominant paradigm. Ironically, the term has become a permanent addition to the language of cosmology. Sir Fred's name has become well known to the general public because of his unusual ability to describe the ideas of science in a simple and accessible way. In addition to his scientific work, he has written more than a dozen works of popular science (many of them widely translated) and more than a dozen works of science fiction (most of them in collaboration with his son, Geoffrey). In all his work, Sir Fred has shown himself to be ready and able to challenge established thinking. In the author's amusing and memorable account of his childhood in Home Is Where the Wind Blows, the reader will see how this came to be true. Possessed since infancy with a strong streak of independence, he was encouraged by his parents, throughout his school years, to trust his own judgment and to think for himself.

TOC:
Part I. 34, Primrose Lane: 1915--1939 1. The first World War 2. Forgotten times 3. Coming to grips with who you are 4. Creeping like snail more slowly than Shakespeare 5. A scholarship won from the grip of fate 6. Education at last, and a scholarship lost to the grip of fate 7. First journeys to Cambridge 8. Then the undergraduate seeking a bubble reputation in the cannon's mouth 9. Dark clouds across the sun 10. The last of the old world Part II. The larger world of science: 1939--1958 11. Sir Arthur Eddington 12. At war with Germany 13. The Nutbourne saga a 14. The saga continues 15. The aftermath 16. The origin of the chemical elements 17. Brave new world 18. An unknown level in carbon-12 19. Steps to the watershed 20. The watershed Part III. Home is where the wind blows: 1959-- 21. A vintage year 22. Droll stories 23. The Munros of Scotland 24. The Institute of Astronomy, but still in slow stages 25. The thirty-ninth step 26. The Bay of the Birds 27. Climbing the last Munro 28. A lucky ending

rawabstract:
In \booktitle{Home Is Where the Wind Blows}, Sir Fred Hoyle, one of this century's most eminent scientists and author of dozens of successful books, both fiction and nonfiction, offers a revealing and charming account of his life and work. Mathematician, physicist, astronomer, cosmologist --- Sir Fred is perhaps best known, in scientific circles, for his brilliant explanation of the origin of the elements from hydrogen nuclei in stars (a process known as nucleosynthesis) and for developing (with Sir Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold) the elegant but controversial steady-state theory of the Universe (which assumes the continuous creation of matter). In 1950, in the last of a series of radio lectures on astronomy that he delivered on the air for the BBC, Sir Fred coined the term ``Big Bang'' to characterize the competing expanding-Universe theory, which has since become the dominant paradigm. Ironically, the term has become a permanent addition to the language of cosmology. Sir Fred's name has become well known to the general public because of his unusual ability to describe the ideas of science in a simple and accessible way. In addition to his scientific work, he has written more than a dozen works of popular science (many of them widely translated) and more than a dozen works of science fiction (most of them in collaboration with his son, Geoffrey). In all his work, Sir Fred has shown himself to be ready and able to challenge established thinking. In the author's amusing and memorable account of his childhood in Home Is Where the Wind Blows, the reader will see how this came to be true. Possessed since infancy with a strong streak of independence, he was encouraged by his parents, throughout his school years, to trust his own judgment and to think for himself.

rawTOC:
Part I. 34, Primrose Lane: 1915--1939 \\ 1. The first World War \\ 2. Forgotten times \\ 3. Coming to grips with who you are \\ 4. Creeping like snail more slowly than Shakespeare \\ 5. A scholarship won from the grip of fate \\ 6. Education at last, and a scholarship lost to the grip of fate \\ 7. First journeys to Cambridge \\ 8. Then the undergraduate seeking a bubble reputation in the cannon's mouth \\ 9. Dark clouds across the sun \\ 10. The last of the old world \\ Part II. The larger world of science: 1939--1958 \\ 11. Sir Arthur Eddington \\ 12. At war with Germany \\ 13. The Nutbourne saga \\ a 14. The saga continues \\ 15. The aftermath \\ 16. The origin of the chemical elements \\ 17. Brave new world \\ 18. An unknown level in carbon-12 \\ 19. Steps to the watershed \\ 20. The watershed \\ Part III. Home is where the wind blows: 1959-- \\ 21. A vintage year \\ 22. Droll stories \\ 23. The Munros of Scotland \\ 24. The Institute of Astronomy, but still in slow stages \\ 25. The thirty-ninth step \\ 26. The Bay of the Birds \\ 27. Climbing the last Munro \\ 28. A lucky ending

entry:
@Book{Hoyle:1994:HWW,
  author =       "Fred Hoyle",
  title =        "Home is where the wind blows: chapters from a
                 cosmologist's life",
  publisher =    "University Science Books",
  address =      "Mill Valley, CA, USA",
  pages =        "xi + 443 + 24",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-935702-27-X (hardcover)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-935702-27-9 (hardcover)",
  LCCN =         "QB460.72.H69 A3 1994",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 10:24:35 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  abstract =     "In \booktitle{Home Is Where the Wind Blows}, Sir Fred
                 Hoyle, one of this century's most eminent scientists
                 and author of dozens of successful books, both fiction
                 and nonfiction, offers a revealing and charming account
                 of his life and work. Mathematician, physicist,
                 astronomer, cosmologist --- Sir Fred is perhaps best
                 known, in scientific circles, for his brilliant
                 explanation of the origin of the elements from hydrogen
                 nuclei in stars (a process known as nucleosynthesis)
                 and for developing (with Sir Hermann Bondi and Thomas
                 Gold) the elegant but controversial steady-state theory
                 of the Universe (which assumes the continuous creation
                 of matter). In 1950, in the last of a series of radio
                 lectures on astronomy that he delivered on the air for
                 the BBC, Sir Fred coined the term ``Big Bang'' to
                 characterize the competing expanding-Universe theory,
                 which has since become the dominant paradigm.
                 Ironically, the term has become a permanent addition to
                 the language of cosmology. Sir Fred's name has become
                 well known to the general public because of his unusual
                 ability to describe the ideas of science in a simple
                 and accessible way. In addition to his scientific work,
                 he has written more than a dozen works of popular
                 science (many of them widely translated) and more than
                 a dozen works of science fiction (most of them in
                 collaboration with his son, Geoffrey). In all his work,
                 Sir Fred has shown himself to be ready and able to
                 challenge established thinking. In the author's amusing
                 and memorable account of his childhood in Home Is Where
                 the Wind Blows, the reader will see how this came to be
                 true. Possessed since infancy with a strong streak of
                 independence, he was encouraged by his parents,
                 throughout his school years, to trust his own judgment
                 and to think for himself.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1915--2001",
  subject =      "Hoyle, Fred; Astrophysics; History; Astrophysicists;
                 Great Britain; Biography",
  subject-dates = "1915--2001",
  tableofcontents = "Part I. 34, Primrose Lane: 1915--1939 \\
                 1. The first World War \\
                 2. Forgotten times \\
                 3. Coming to grips with who you are \\
                 4. Creeping like snail more slowly than Shakespeare \\
                 5. A scholarship won from the grip of fate \\
                 6. Education at last, and a scholarship lost to the
                 grip of fate \\
                 7. First journeys to Cambridge \\
                 8. Then the undergraduate seeking a bubble reputation
                 in the cannon's mouth \\
                 9. Dark clouds across the sun \\
                 10. The last of the old world \\
                 Part II. The larger world of science: 1939--1958 \\
                 11. Sir Arthur Eddington \\
                 12. At war with Germany \\
                 13. The Nutbourne saga \\
                 a 14. The saga continues \\
                 15. The aftermath \\
                 16. The origin of the chemical elements \\
                 17. Brave new world \\
                 18. An unknown level in carbon-12 \\
                 19. Steps to the watershed \\
                 20. The watershed \\
                 Part III. Home is where the wind blows: 1959-- \\
                 21. A vintage year \\
                 22. Droll stories \\
                 23. The Munros of Scotland \\
                 24. The Institute of Astronomy, but still in slow
                 stages \\
                 25. The thirty-ninth step \\
                 26. The Bay of the Birds \\
                 27. Climbing the last Munro \\
                 28. A lucky ending",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Mills:1994:STQ
author: Robert Mills
title: Space, time, and quanta: an introduction to contemporary physics
publisher: pub-W-H-FREEMAN
address: pub-W-H-FREEMAN:adr
pages: xiv + 482
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-7167-2436-7 OR 0716724367
ISBN13: 978-0-7167-2436-0 OR 9780716724360
LCCN: QC21.2 .M57 1994
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 12:39:02 MDT 2014
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 12:39:02 MDT
subject: Physics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1927--
rawauthor: Robert Mills
rawtitle: Space, time, and quanta: an introduction to contemporary physics
entry:
@Book{Mills:1994:STQ,
  author =       "Robert Mills",
  title =        "Space, time, and quanta: an introduction to
                 contemporary physics",
  publisher =    pub-W-H-FREEMAN,
  address =      pub-W-H-FREEMAN:adr,
  pages =        "xiv + 482",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-7167-2436-7",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-7167-2436-0",
  LCCN =         "QC21.2 .M57 1994",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 12:39:02 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1927--",
  subject =      "Physics",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: North:1994:FHA
author: John David North
title: The Fontana history of astronomy and cosmology
publisher: pub-FONTANA
address: pub-FONTANA:adr
pages: xxvii + 697 + 8
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-00-686177-6 (paperback) OR 0006861776 (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-00-686177-5 (paperback) OR 9780006861775 (paperback)
bibdate: Wed Sep 29 17:13:19 MDT 2010
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.29 17:13:19 MDT
series: Fontana history of science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1934-- North, John David
rawauthor: John David North
rawtitle: The {Fontana} history of astronomy and cosmology
subject:
Astronomie; Geschichte; 0 Gesamtdarstellung.; Kosmologie; Geschichte.; Astronomie. ; Geschichte. Kosmologie.

entry:
@Book{North:1994:FHA,
  author =       "John David North",
  title =        "The {Fontana} history of astronomy and cosmology",
  publisher =    pub-FONTANA,
  address =      pub-FONTANA:adr,
  pages =        "xxvii + 697 + 8",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-00-686177-6 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-00-686177-5 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "????",
  bibdate =      "Wed Sep 29 17:13:19 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  series =       "Fontana history of science",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1934-- North, John David",
  subject =      "Astronomie; Geschichte; 0 Gesamtdarstellung.;
                 Kosmologie; Geschichte.; Astronomie. ; Geschichte.
                 Kosmologie.",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Thorne:1994:BHT
author: Kip S. Thorne
title: Black holes and time warps: Einstein's outrageous legacy
publisher: pub-NORTON
address: pub-NORTON:adr
pages: 619
year: 1994
ISBN: 0-393-03505-0, 0-393-31276-3 OR 0393035050, 0393312763
ISBN13: 978-0-393-03505-6, 978-0-393-31276-8 OR 9780393035056, 9780393312768
LCCN: QC6 .T526 1994
bibdate: Tue Oct 29 07:16:43 MDT 2013
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2013.10.29 07:16:43 MDT
series: The Commonwealth Fund Book Program
URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780393035056.pdf
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Kip S. Thorne
rawtitle: Black holes and time warps: {Einstein}'s outrageous legacy
abstract:
Ever since Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity burst upon the world in 1915 some of the most brilliant minds of our century have sought to decipher the mysteries bequeathed by that theory, a legacy so unthinkable in some respects that even Einstein himself rejected them.par Which of these bizarre phenomena, if any, can really exist in our universe? Black holes, down which anything can fall but from which nothing can return; wormholes, short spacewarps connecting regions of the cosmos; singularities, where space and time are so violently warped that time ceases to exist and space becomes a kind of foam; gravitational waves, which carry symphonic accounts of collisions of black holes billions of years ago; and time machines, for traveling backward and forward in time.par Kip Thorne, along with fellow theorists Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose, a cadre of Russians, and earlier scientists such as Oppenheimer, Wheeler and Chandrasekhar, has been in the thick of the quest to secure answers. In this masterfully written and brilliantly informed work of scientific history and explanation, Dr. Thorne, the Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at Caltech, leads his readers through an elegant, always human, tapestry of interlocking themes, coming finally to a uniquely informed answer to the great question: what principles control our universe and why do physicists think they know the things they think they know?par Stephen Hawking's booktitle A Brief History of Time has been one of the greatest best-sellers in publishing history. Anyone who struggled with that book will find here a more slowly paced but equally mind-stretching experience, with the added fascination of a rich historical and human component.

subject:
Physics; Philosophy; Relativity (Physics); Astrophysics; Black holes (Astronomy); Astrofysica; Zwarte gaten; Relativiteitstheorie; Physique; Philosophie; Relativite (physique); Trous noirs (astronomie); Physics

TOC:
Prologue: a voyage among the holes, in which the reader, in a science fiction tale, encounters black holes and all their strange properties as best we understand them in the 1990s The relativity of space and time, in which Einstein destroys Newton's conceptions of space and time as absolute The warping of space and time, in which Hermann Minkowski unifies space and time, and Einstein warps them Black holes discovered and rejected, in which Einstein's laws of warped spacetime predict black holes, and Einstein rejects the prediction The mystery of the white dwarfs, in which Eddington and Chandrasekhar do battle over the death of massive stars; must they shrink when they die, creating black holes? or will quantum mechanics save them? Implosion is compulsory, in which even the muclear force, supposedly the strongest of all forces, cannot resist the crush of gravity Implosion to what? in which all the armaments of theoretical physics cannot ward off the conclusion: implosion produces black holes The golden age, in which black holes are found to spin and pulsate, store energy and release it, and have no hair The search, in which a method to search for black holes in the sky is proposed and pursued and succeeds (probably) Serendipity, in which astronomers are forced to conclude, without any prior predictions, that black holes a millionfold heavier than the Sun, inhabit the cores of galaxies (probably) Ripples of curvature, in which gravitational waves carry to Earth encoded symphonies of black holes colliding and physicists devise instruments to moniter the waves and decipher their symphonies What is reality? in which spacetime is viewed as curved on Sundays and flat on Mondays and horizons are made from vacuum on Sundays and charge on Monday, but Sunday's experiments and Monday's experiments agree in all details Black holes evaporate, in which a black hole horizon is clothed in an atmosphere of radiation and hot particles that slowly evaporate, and the hole shrinks and then explodes Inside black holes, in which physicists, wrestling with Einstein's equation, seek the secret of what is inside a black hole: a route into another universe? a singularity with infinite tidal gravity? the end of time and gravity, and birth of quantum foam? Wormholes and time machines, in which the author seeks insight into physical laws by asking can highly advanced civilizations build wormholes through hyperspace for rapid interstellar travel and machines for traveling backward in time? Epilogue: an overview of Einstein's legacy, past and future, and an update on several central characters

rawabstract:
Ever since Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity burst upon the world in 1915 some of the most brilliant minds of our century have sought to decipher the mysteries bequeathed by that theory, a legacy so unthinkable in some respects that even Einstein himself rejected them.\par Which of these bizarre phenomena, if any, can really exist in our universe? Black holes, down which anything can fall but from which nothing can return; wormholes, short spacewarps connecting regions of the cosmos; singularities, where space and time are so violently warped that time ceases to exist and space becomes a kind of foam; gravitational waves, which carry symphonic accounts of collisions of black holes billions of years ago; and time machines, for traveling backward and forward in time.\par Kip Thorne, along with fellow theorists Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose, a cadre of Russians, and earlier scientists such as Oppenheimer, Wheeler and Chandrasekhar, has been in the thick of the quest to secure answers. In this masterfully written and brilliantly informed work of scientific history and explanation, Dr. Thorne, the Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at Caltech, leads his readers through an elegant, always human, tapestry of interlocking themes, coming finally to a uniquely informed answer to the great question: what principles control our universe and why do physicists think they know the things they think they know?\par Stephen Hawking's \booktitle{A Brief History of Time} has been one of the greatest best-sellers in publishing history. Anyone who struggled with that book will find here a more slowly paced but equally mind-stretching experience, with the added fascination of a rich historical and human component.

rawTOC:
Prologue: a voyage among the holes, in which the reader, in a science fiction tale, encounters black holes and all their strange properties as best we understand them in the 1990s \\ The relativity of space and time, in which Einstein destroys Newton's conceptions of space and time as absolute \\ The warping of space and time, in which Hermann Minkowski unifies space and time, and Einstein warps them \\ Black holes discovered and rejected, in which Einstein's laws of warped spacetime predict black holes, and Einstein rejects the prediction \\ The mystery of the white dwarfs, in which Eddington and Chandrasekhar do battle over the death of massive stars; must they shrink when they die, creating black holes? or will quantum mechanics save them? \\ Implosion is compulsory, in which even the muclear force, supposedly the strongest of all forces, cannot resist the crush of gravity \\ Implosion to what? in which all the armaments of theoretical physics cannot ward off the conclusion: implosion produces black holes \\ The golden age, in which black holes are found to spin and pulsate, store energy and release it, and have no hair \\ The search, in which a method to search for black holes in the sky is proposed and pursued and succeeds (probably) \\ Serendipity, in which astronomers are forced to conclude, without any prior predictions, that black holes a millionfold heavier than the Sun, inhabit the cores of galaxies (probably) \\ Ripples of curvature, in which gravitational waves carry to Earth encoded symphonies of black holes colliding and physicists devise instruments to moniter the waves and decipher their symphonies \\ What is reality? in which spacetime is viewed as curved on Sundays and flat on Mondays and horizons are made from vacuum on Sundays and charge on Monday, but Sunday's experiments and Monday's experiments agree in all details \\ Black holes evaporate, in which a black hole horizon is clothed in an atmosphere of radiation and hot particles that slowly evaporate, and the hole shrinks and then explodes \\ Inside black holes, in which physicists, wrestling with Einstein's equation, seek the secret of what is inside a black hole: a route into another universe? a singularity with infinite tidal gravity? the end of time and gravity, and birth of quantum foam? \\ Wormholes and time machines, in which the author seeks insight into physical laws by asking can highly advanced civilizations build wormholes through hyperspace for rapid interstellar travel and machines for traveling backward in time? \\ Epilogue: an overview of Einstein's legacy, past and future, and an update on several central characters

entry:
@Book{Thorne:1994:BHT,
  author =       "Kip S. Thorne",
  title =        "Black holes and time warps: {Einstein}'s outrageous
                 legacy",
  publisher =    pub-NORTON,
  address =      pub-NORTON:adr,
  pages =        "619",
  year =         "1994",
  ISBN =         "0-393-03505-0, 0-393-31276-3",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-393-03505-6, 978-0-393-31276-8",
  LCCN =         "QC6 .T526 1994",
  bibdate =      "Tue Oct 29 07:16:43 MDT 2013",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  series =       "The Commonwealth Fund Book Program",
  URL =          "http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780393035056.pdf",
  abstract =     "Ever since Albert Einstein's general theory of
                 relativity burst upon the world in 1915 some of the
                 most brilliant minds of our century have sought to
                 decipher the mysteries bequeathed by that theory, a
                 legacy so unthinkable in some respects that even
                 Einstein himself rejected them.\par

                 Which of these bizarre phenomena, if any, can really
                 exist in our universe? Black holes, down which anything
                 can fall but from which nothing can return; wormholes,
                 short spacewarps connecting regions of the cosmos;
                 singularities, where space and time are so violently
                 warped that time ceases to exist and space becomes a
                 kind of foam; gravitational waves, which carry
                 symphonic accounts of collisions of black holes
                 billions of years ago; and time machines, for traveling
                 backward and forward in time.\par

                 Kip Thorne, along with fellow theorists Stephen Hawking
                 and Roger Penrose, a cadre of Russians, and earlier
                 scientists such as Oppenheimer, Wheeler and
                 Chandrasekhar, has been in the thick of the quest to
                 secure answers. In this masterfully written and
                 brilliantly informed work of scientific history and
                 explanation, Dr. Thorne, the Feynman Professor of
                 Theoretical Physics at Caltech, leads his readers
                 through an elegant, always human, tapestry of
                 interlocking themes, coming finally to a uniquely
                 informed answer to the great question: what principles
                 control our universe and why do physicists think they
                 know the things they think they know?\par

                 Stephen Hawking's \booktitle{A Brief History of Time}
                 has been one of the greatest best-sellers in publishing
                 history. Anyone who struggled with that book will find
                 here a more slowly paced but equally mind-stretching
                 experience, with the added fascination of a rich
                 historical and human component.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Physics; Philosophy; Relativity (Physics);
                 Astrophysics; Black holes (Astronomy); Astrofysica;
                 Zwarte gaten; Relativiteitstheorie; Physique;
                 Philosophie; Relativit{\'e} (physique); Trous noirs
                 (astronomie); Physics",
  tableofcontents = "Prologue: a voyage among the holes, in which the
                 reader, in a science fiction tale, encounters black
                 holes and all their strange properties as best we
                 understand them in the 1990s \\
                 The relativity of space and time, in which Einstein
                 destroys Newton's conceptions of space and time as
                 absolute \\
                 The warping of space and time, in which Hermann
                 Minkowski unifies space and time, and Einstein warps
                 them \\
                 Black holes discovered and rejected, in which
                 Einstein's laws of warped spacetime predict black
                 holes, and Einstein rejects the prediction \\
                 The mystery of the white dwarfs, in which Eddington and
                 Chandrasekhar do battle over the death of massive
                 stars; must they shrink when they die, creating black
                 holes? or will quantum mechanics save them? \\
                 Implosion is compulsory, in which even the muclear
                 force, supposedly the strongest of all forces, cannot
                 resist the crush of gravity \\
                 Implosion to what? in which all the armaments of
                 theoretical physics cannot ward off the conclusion:
                 implosion produces black holes \\
                 The golden age, in which black holes are found to spin
                 and pulsate, store energy and release it, and have no
                 hair \\
                 The search, in which a method to search for black holes
                 in the sky is proposed and pursued and succeeds
                 (probably) \\
                 Serendipity, in which astronomers are forced to
                 conclude, without any prior predictions, that black
                 holes a millionfold heavier than the Sun, inhabit the
                 cores of galaxies (probably) \\
                 Ripples of curvature, in which gravitational waves
                 carry to Earth encoded symphonies of black holes
                 colliding and physicists devise instruments to moniter
                 the waves and decipher their symphonies \\
                 What is reality? in which spacetime is viewed as curved
                 on Sundays and flat on Mondays and horizons are made
                 from vacuum on Sundays and charge on Monday, but
                 Sunday's experiments and Monday's experiments agree in
                 all details \\
                 Black holes evaporate, in which a black hole horizon is
                 clothed in an atmosphere of radiation and hot particles
                 that slowly evaporate, and the hole shrinks and then
                 explodes \\
                 Inside black holes, in which physicists, wrestling with
                 Einstein's equation, seek the secret of what is inside
                 a black hole: a route into another universe? a
                 singularity with infinite tidal gravity? the end of
                 time and gravity, and birth of quantum foam? \\
                 Wormholes and time machines, in which the author seeks
                 insight into physical laws by asking can highly
                 advanced civilizations build wormholes through
                 hyperspace for rapid interstellar travel and machines
                 for traveling backward in time? \\
                 Epilogue: an overview of Einstein's legacy, past and
                 future, and an update on several central characters",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Barrow:1995:AU
author: John D. Barrow
title: The artful universe
publisher: pub-CLARENDON
address: pub-CLARENDON:adr
pages: x + 274
year: 1995
ISBN: 0-19-853996-7 OR 0198539967
ISBN13: 978-0-19-853996-4 OR 9780198539964
LCCN: BH301.N3 B37 1995
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 14:44:47 MST
URL: http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0867.00008
subject: Nature (Aesthetics); Philosophy of nature
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: John D. Barrow
rawtitle: The artful universe
TOC:
1 Tales of the unexpected / 1 2 The impact of evolution / 5 A room with a view: matters of perspective / 5 The mind-benders: distortions of thought and space / 11 The inheritors: adaptation and evolution / 19 After Babel: a linguistic digression / 24 A sense of reality: the evolution of mental pictures / 27 The care and maintenance of a small planet: cosmic environmentalism / 31 Gravity's rainbow: the fabric of the world / 34 Chronicle of a death foretold: of death and immortality / 39 The human factor: light in the darkness / 45 3 Size, life, and landscape / 48 A delicate balance: equilibria in the Universe / 48 Of mice and men: life on Earth / 53 The jagged edge: living fractals / 59 War and peace: size and culture / 63 Far from the madding crowd: the size of populations / 68 Les liaisons dangereuses: complexity, mobility, and cultural evolution / 77 The rivals: the evolution of cooperation / 87 The secret garden: the art of landscape / 91 Figures in a landscape: the dilemma of computer art / 102 Midnight's children: a first glimpse of the stars / 112 4 The heavens and the Earth / 114 The remains of the day: rhythms of life / 114 Empire of the Sun: the reasons for the seasons / 117 A handful of dust: the Earth below / 122 Pebble in the sky: the Moon above / 126 Darkness at noon: eclipses / 129 Hamlet's mill: the wandering Pole Star / 139 Paper moon: controlling chaotic planets / 145 The man who was Thursday: the origins of the week / 149 Long day's journey into night: the origin of the constellations / 161 Study in scarlet: the sources of colour vision / 174 5 The natural history of noise / 186 The club of queer trades: soundscapes / 186 Sense and sensibility: a matter of timing / 192 Incidental music: a harmless by-product? / 194 The glass bead game: the music of the spheres / 199 Player piano: hearing by numbers / 205 The sound of silence: decomposing music / 214 The imitation game: listlessness / 218 The sound of music: hearing and listening / 220 Adventures of Roderick Random: white noise, pink noise, and black noise / 230 6 All's well that ends well / 243 Bibliography / 247 Illustration acknowledgements / 263 Index / 269

rawTOC:
1 Tales of the unexpected / 1 \\ 2 The impact of evolution / 5 \\ A room with a view: matters of perspective / 5 \\ The mind-benders: distortions of thought and space / 11 \\ The inheritors: adaptation and evolution / 19 \\ After Babel: a linguistic digression / 24 \\ A sense of reality: the evolution of mental pictures / 27 \\ The care and maintenance of a small planet: cosmic environmentalism / 31 \\ Gravity's rainbow: the fabric of the world / 34 \\ Chronicle of a death foretold: of death and immortality / 39 \\ The human factor: light in the darkness / 45 \\ 3 Size, life, and landscape / 48 \\ A delicate balance: equilibria in the Universe / 48 \\ Of mice and men: life on Earth / 53 \\ The jagged edge: living fractals / 59 \\ War and peace: size and culture / 63 \\ Far from the madding crowd: the size of populations / 68 \\ Les liaisons dangereuses: complexity, mobility, and cultural evolution / 77 \\ The rivals: the evolution of cooperation / 87 \\ The secret garden: the art of landscape / 91 \\ Figures in a landscape: the dilemma of computer art / 102 \\ Midnight's children: a first glimpse of the stars / 112 \\ 4 The heavens and the Earth / 114 \\ The remains of the day: rhythms of life / 114 \\ Empire of the Sun: the reasons for the seasons / 117 \\ A handful of dust: the Earth below / 122 \\ Pebble in the sky: the Moon above / 126 \\ Darkness at noon: eclipses / 129 \\ Hamlet's mill: the wandering Pole Star / 139 \\ Paper moon: controlling chaotic planets / 145 \\ The man who was Thursday: the origins of the week / 149 \\ Long day's journey into night: the origin of the constellations / 161 \\ Study in scarlet: the sources of colour vision / 174 \\ 5 The natural history of noise / 186 \\ The club of queer trades: soundscapes / 186 \\ Sense and sensibility: a matter of timing / 192 \\ Incidental music: a harmless by-product? / 194 \\ The glass bead game: the music of the spheres / 199 \\ Player piano: hearing by numbers / 205 \\ The sound of silence: decomposing music / 214 \\ The imitation game: listlessness / 218 \\ The sound of music: hearing and listening / 220 \\ Adventures of Roderick Random: white noise, pink noise, and black noise / 230 \\ 6 All's well that ends well / 243 \\ Bibliography / 247 \\ Illustration acknowledgements / 263 \\ Index / 269

entry:
@Book{Barrow:1995:AU,
  author =       "John D. Barrow",
  title =        "The artful universe",
  publisher =    pub-CLARENDON,
  address =      pub-CLARENDON:adr,
  pages =        "x + 274",
  year =         "1995",
  ISBN =         "0-19-853996-7",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-19-853996-4",
  LCCN =         "BH301.N3 B37 1995",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 14:44:47 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0867.00008",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Nature (Aesthetics); Philosophy of nature",
  tableofcontents = "1 Tales of the unexpected / 1 \\
                 2 The impact of evolution / 5 \\
                 A room with a view: matters of perspective / 5 \\
                 The mind-benders: distortions of thought and space / 11
                 \\
                 The inheritors: adaptation and evolution / 19 \\
                 After Babel: a linguistic digression / 24 \\
                 A sense of reality: the evolution of mental pictures /
                 27 \\
                 The care and maintenance of a small planet: cosmic
                 environmentalism / 31 \\
                 Gravity's rainbow: the fabric of the world / 34 \\
                 Chronicle of a death foretold: of death and immortality
                 / 39 \\
                 The human factor: light in the darkness / 45 \\
                 3 Size, life, and landscape / 48 \\
                 A delicate balance: equilibria in the Universe / 48 \\
                 Of mice and men: life on Earth / 53 \\
                 The jagged edge: living fractals / 59 \\
                 War and peace: size and culture / 63 \\
                 Far from the madding crowd: the size of populations /
                 68 \\
                 Les liaisons dangereuses: complexity, mobility, and
                 cultural evolution / 77 \\
                 The rivals: the evolution of cooperation / 87 \\
                 The secret garden: the art of landscape / 91 \\
                 Figures in a landscape: the dilemma of computer art /
                 102 \\
                 Midnight's children: a first glimpse of the stars / 112
                 \\
                 4 The heavens and the Earth / 114 \\
                 The remains of the day: rhythms of life / 114 \\
                 Empire of the Sun: the reasons for the seasons / 117
                 \\
                 A handful of dust: the Earth below / 122 \\
                 Pebble in the sky: the Moon above / 126 \\
                 Darkness at noon: eclipses / 129 \\
                 Hamlet's mill: the wandering Pole Star / 139 \\
                 Paper moon: controlling chaotic planets / 145 \\
                 The man who was Thursday: the origins of the week / 149
                 \\
                 Long day's journey into night: the origin of the
                 constellations / 161 \\
                 Study in scarlet: the sources of colour vision / 174
                 \\
                 5 The natural history of noise / 186 \\
                 The club of queer trades: soundscapes / 186 \\
                 Sense and sensibility: a matter of timing / 192 \\
                 Incidental music: a harmless by-product? / 194 \\
                 The glass bead game: the music of the spheres / 199 \\
                 Player piano: hearing by numbers / 205 \\
                 The sound of silence: decomposing music / 214 \\
                 The imitation game: listlessness / 218 \\
                 The sound of music: hearing and listening / 220 \\
                 Adventures of Roderick Random: white noise, pink noise,
                 and black noise / 230 \\
                 6 All's well that ends well / 243 \\
                 Bibliography / 247 \\
                 Illustration acknowledgements / 263 \\
                 Index / 269",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Feynman:1995:SEP
author: Richard Phillips Feynman
title: Six easy pieces: essentials of physics, explained by its most brilliant teacher
publisher: pub-AW
address: pub-AW:adr
pages: xxix + 145
year: 1995
LCCN: QC21.2 .F52 1995
bibdate: Tue Apr 18 10:41:21 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90
bibtimestamp: 2006.04.18 10:41:21 MDT
series: Helix books
subject: Physics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: Richard Phillips Feynman (1918--1988)
rawauthor: Richard Phillips Feynman
rawtitle: Six easy pieces: essentials of physics, explained by its most brilliant teacher
ISBN:
0-201-40955-0, 0-201-40956-9 (set), 0-201-48308-4 (cassettes), 0-201-40825-2 (paperback) OR 0201409550, 0201409569 (set), 0201483084 (cassettes), 0201408252 (paperback)

ISBN13:
978-0-201-40955-0, 978-0-201-40956-7 (set), 978-0-201-48308-6 (cassettes), 978-0-201-40825-6 (paperback) OR 9780201409550, 9780201409567 (set), 9780201483086 (cassettes), 9780201408256 (paperback)

note:
Originally prepared for publication by Robert B. Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New introduction by Paul Davies. See also cite Feynman:1997:SEP

TOC:
Introduction / Paul Davies 1. Atoms in Motion 2. Basic Physics 3. The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences 4. Conservation of Energy 5. The Theory of Gravitation 6. Quantum Behavior

rawnote:
Originally prepared for publication by Robert B. Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New introduction by Paul Davies. See also \cite{Feynman:1997:SEP}

rawTOC:
Introduction / Paul Davies \\ 1. Atoms in Motion \\ 2. Basic Physics \\ 3. The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences \\ 4. Conservation of Energy \\ 5. The Theory of Gravitation \\ 6. Quantum Behavior

entry:
@Book{Feynman:1995:SEP,
  author =       "Richard Phillips Feynman",
  title =        "Six easy pieces: essentials of physics, explained by
                 its most brilliant teacher",
  publisher =    pub-AW,
  address =      pub-AW:adr,
  pages =        "xxix + 145",
  year =         "1995",
  ISBN =         "0-201-40955-0, 0-201-40956-9 (set), 0-201-48308-4
                 (cassettes), 0-201-40825-2 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-201-40955-0, 978-0-201-40956-7 (set),
                 978-0-201-48308-6 (cassettes), 978-0-201-40825-6
                 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QC21.2 .F52 1995",
  bibdate =      "Tue Apr 18 10:41:21 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90",
  note =         "Originally prepared for publication by Robert B.
                 Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New
                 introduction by Paul Davies. See also
                 \cite{Feynman:1997:SEP}",
  price =        "US\$22.00",
  series =       "Helix books",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "Richard Phillips Feynman (1918--1988)",
  subject =      "Physics",
  tableofcontents = "Introduction / Paul Davies \\
                 1. Atoms in Motion \\
                 2. Basic Physics \\
                 3. The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences \\
                 4. Conservation of Energy \\
                 5. The Theory of Gravitation \\
                 6. Quantum Behavior",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Josephson:1995:BRB
author: Paul R. Josephson
journal: j-J-INTERDISCIP-HIST
volume: 26
number: 2
pages: 318--320
year: 1995
ISSN: 0022-1953 (print), 1530-9169 (electronic) OR 00221953 (print), 15309169 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0022-1953 OR 00221953
bibdate: Sat Jan 12 11:56:22 MST 2013
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; JSTOR database
bibtimestamp: 2013.01.12 11:56:22 MST
URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/206645
fjournal: Journal of Interdisciplinary History
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Paul R. Josephson
title:
Book Review: booktitle Alexander A. Friedmann: The Man Who Made the Universe Expand, by Eduard A. Tropp, Artur D. Chernin, Alexander Dron, Michael Burov, and Victor Ya. Frenkel

rawtitle:
Book Review: {{\booktitle{Alexander A. Friedmann: The Man Who Made the Universe Expand}}, by Eduard A. Tropp, Artur D. Chernin, Alexander Dron, Michael Burov, and Victor Ya. Frenkel}

entry:
@Article{Josephson:1995:BRB,
  author =       "Paul R. Josephson",
  title =        "Book Review: {{\booktitle{Alexander A. Friedmann: The
                 Man Who Made the Universe Expand}}, by Eduard A. Tropp,
                 Artur D. Chernin, Alexander Dron, Michael Burov, and
                 Victor Ya. Frenkel}",
  journal =      j-J-INTERDISCIP-HIST,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "318--320",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1995",
  ISSN =         "0022-1953 (print), 1530-9169 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0022-1953",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 12 11:56:22 MST 2013",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 JSTOR database",
  URL =          "http://www.jstor.org/stable/206645",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Journal of Interdisciplinary History",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kane:1995:PGO
author: G. L. Kane
title: The particle garden: our universe as understood by particle physicists
publisher: pub-AW
address: pub-AW:adr
pages: xvi + 224
year: 1995
LCCN: QC793.2 K365 1995; 539.72; 97.E04260; 528
bibdate: Wed Jul 28 08:35:04 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE
bibtimestamp: 2010.07.28 08:35:04 MDT
series: Helix books
subject: particles (nuclear physics); Standard Model (nuclear physics); nuclear structure
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: G. L. Kane
rawtitle: The particle garden: our universe as understood by particle physicists
ISBN:
0-201-40780-9 (hardcover), 0-201-40826-0 (paperback) OR 0201407809 (hardcover), 0201408260 (paperback)

ISBN13:
978-0-201-40780-8 (hardcover), 978-0-201-40826-3 (paperback) OR 9780201407808 (hardcover), 9780201408263 (paperback)

TOC:
Preface Prologue What Are We Made of? / 1 Are Quarks and Electrons Nature's ``Seeds''? ``There Are More Things in Heaven and Earth ldots '' What Are Quarks and Leptons? Unification The Role of the Theory A Brief History of Particle Physics / 23 The Beginnings of Science The Beginnings of Modern Science: Measurement and Experimentation Three Paths to Today's Theory Doing Particle Physics / 41 Education International Community Funding Au Revoir, SSC The Standard Theory / 53 Matter Particles Forces and the Particles That Transmit Them --- the Bosons Renormalizability Experimental Facilities / 70 Colliders Detectors Laboratories and Their Colliders and Detectors Low-Energy and Nonaccelerator Experiments The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory / 91 What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' / 104 Levels of Understanding Level I: Descriptive Understanding Level II: Input and Mechanism Understanding Level III: Why Understanding? Higgs Physics / 115 Why? Discovering a Higgs Boson Attitudes about Higgs Bosons The Standard Theory Will Be Extended / 122 Phenomena Not Predicted by the Standard Theory An Input and Mechanism Understanding of the Standard Theory? A Why Understanding of the Laws of Nature? Supersymmetry --- the Next Breakthrough? / 132 What Do We Gain if the Theory is Supersymmetric? What Makes a Theory Supersymmetric? Detecting Supersymmetry How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to Understanding? / 142 Grand Unification Can Grand Unified Theories Be Tested? The Primary Theory Can the Primary Theory Be Tested? Are There Limits to Understanding? Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology / 153 The Big Bang Dark Matter The ``Baryon Asymmetry'' Inflation and the Origins of Large-Scale Structure Cosmoastroparticle Physics Understanding a Flower / 162 All Scientific Understanding So Far Is Descriptive Understanding Complexity and Chaos Particle Physics and Flowers App. A Feynman Diagrams and Rules / 168 The Vertices Examples of Processes When the Standard Theory Is Extended App. B Internal Symmetries and the Standard Theory / 174 App. C CP Violation / 179 List of Symbols / 182 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms / 184 Glossary / 186 Index / 213

shortTOC:
What Are We Made of? A Brief History of Particle Physics Doing Particle Physics The Standard Theory Experimental Facilities The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' Higgs Physics The Standard Theory Will Be Extended Supersymmetry-The Next Breakthrough? How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to Understanding? Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Understanding a Flower

rawshortTOC:
What Are We Made of? \\ A Brief History of Particle Physics \\ Doing Particle Physics \\ The Standard Theory \\ Experimental Facilities \\ The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory \\ What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' \\ Higgs Physics \\ The Standard Theory Will Be Extended \\ Supersymmetry-The Next Breakthrough? \\ How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to Understanding? \\ Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Understanding a Flower

rawTOC:
Preface \\ Prologue \\ What Are We Made of? / 1 \\ Are Quarks and Electrons Nature's ``Seeds''? \\ ``There Are More Things in Heaven and Earth \ldots{} '' \\ What Are Quarks and Leptons? \\ Unification \\ The Role of the Theory \\ A Brief History of Particle Physics / 23 \\ The Beginnings of Science \\ The Beginnings of Modern Science: Measurement and Experimentation \\ Three Paths to Today's Theory \\ Doing Particle Physics / 41 \\ Education \\ International Community \\ Funding \\ Au Revoir, SSC \\ The Standard Theory / 53 \\ Matter Particles \\ Forces and the Particles That Transmit Them --- the Bosons \\ Renormalizability \\ Experimental Facilities / 70 \\ Colliders \\ Detectors \\ Laboratories and Their Colliders and Detectors \\ Low-Energy and Nonaccelerator Experiments \\ The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory / 91 \\ What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' / 104 \\ Levels of Understanding \\ Level I: Descriptive Understanding \\ Level II: Input and Mechanism Understanding \\ Level III: Why Understanding? \\ Higgs Physics / 115 \\ Why? \\ Discovering a Higgs Boson \\ Attitudes about Higgs Bosons \\ The Standard Theory Will Be Extended / 122 \\ Phenomena Not Predicted by the Standard Theory \\ An Input and Mechanism Understanding of the Standard Theory? \\ A Why Understanding of the Laws of Nature? \\ Supersymmetry --- the Next Breakthrough? / 132 \\ What Do We Gain if the Theory is Supersymmetric? \\ What Makes a Theory Supersymmetric? \\ Detecting Supersymmetry \\ How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to Understanding? / 142 \\ Grand Unification \\ Can Grand Unified Theories Be Tested? \\ The Primary Theory \\ Can the Primary Theory Be Tested? \\ Are There Limits to Understanding? \\ Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology / 153 \\ The Big Bang \\ Dark Matter \\ The ``Baryon Asymmetry'' \\ Inflation and the Origins of Large-Scale Structure \\ Cosmoastroparticle Physics \\ Understanding a Flower / 162 \\ All Scientific Understanding So Far Is Descriptive Understanding \\ Complexity and Chaos \\ Particle Physics and Flowers \\ App. A Feynman Diagrams and Rules / 168 \\ The Vertices \\ Examples of Processes \\ When the Standard Theory Is Extended \\ App. B Internal Symmetries and the Standard Theory / 174 \\ App. C CP Violation / 179 \\ List of Symbols / 182 \\ List of Abbreviations and Acronyms / 184 \\ Glossary / 186 \\ Index / 213

entry:
@Book{Kane:1995:PGO,
  author =       "G. L. Kane",
  title =        "The particle garden: our universe as understood by
                 particle physicists",
  publisher =    pub-AW,
  address =      pub-AW:adr,
  pages =        "xvi + 224",
  year =         "1995",
  ISBN =         "0-201-40780-9 (hardcover), 0-201-40826-0 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-201-40780-8 (hardcover), 978-0-201-40826-3
                 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QC793.2 K365 1995; 539.72; 97.E04260; 528",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 28 08:35:04 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE",
  series =       "Helix books",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  shorttableofcontents = "What Are We Made of? \\
                 A Brief History of Particle Physics \\
                 Doing Particle Physics \\
                 The Standard Theory \\
                 Experimental Facilities \\
                 The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory \\
                 What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' \\
                 Higgs Physics \\
                 The Standard Theory Will Be Extended \\
                 Supersymmetry-The Next Breakthrough? \\
                 How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to
                 Understanding? \\
                 Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology
                 Understanding a Flower",
  subject =      "particles (nuclear physics); Standard Model (nuclear
                 physics); nuclear structure",
  tableofcontents = "Preface \\
                 Prologue \\
                 What Are We Made of? / 1 \\
                 Are Quarks and Electrons Nature's ``Seeds''? \\
                 ``There Are More Things in Heaven and Earth \ldots{} ''
                 \\
                 What Are Quarks and Leptons? \\
                 Unification \\
                 The Role of the Theory \\
                 A Brief History of Particle Physics / 23 \\
                 The Beginnings of Science \\
                 The Beginnings of Modern Science: Measurement and
                 Experimentation \\
                 Three Paths to Today's Theory \\
                 Doing Particle Physics / 41 \\
                 Education \\
                 International Community \\
                 Funding \\
                 Au Revoir, SSC \\
                 The Standard Theory / 53 \\
                 Matter Particles \\
                 Forces and the Particles That Transmit Them --- the
                 Bosons \\
                 Renormalizability \\
                 Experimental Facilities / 70 \\
                 Colliders \\
                 Detectors \\
                 Laboratories and Their Colliders and Detectors \\
                 Low-Energy and Nonaccelerator Experiments \\
                 The Experimental Foundations of the Standard Theory /
                 91 \\
                 What Do Physicists Mean by ``We Understand'' / 104 \\
                 Levels of Understanding \\
                 Level I: Descriptive Understanding \\
                 Level II: Input and Mechanism Understanding \\
                 Level III: Why Understanding? \\
                 Higgs Physics / 115 \\
                 Why? \\
                 Discovering a Higgs Boson \\
                 Attitudes about Higgs Bosons \\
                 The Standard Theory Will Be Extended / 122 \\
                 Phenomena Not Predicted by the Standard Theory \\
                 An Input and Mechanism Understanding of the Standard
                 Theory? \\
                 A Why Understanding of the Laws of Nature? \\
                 Supersymmetry --- the Next Breakthrough? / 132 \\
                 What Do We Gain if the Theory is Supersymmetric? \\
                 What Makes a Theory Supersymmetric? \\
                 Detecting Supersymmetry \\
                 How Much Unification? Is There A Limit to
                 Understanding? / 142 \\
                 Grand Unification \\
                 Can Grand Unified Theories Be Tested? \\
                 The Primary Theory \\
                 Can the Primary Theory Be Tested? \\
                 Are There Limits to Understanding? \\
                 Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology / 153 \\
                 The Big Bang \\
                 Dark Matter \\
                 The ``Baryon Asymmetry'' \\
                 Inflation and the Origins of Large-Scale Structure \\
                 Cosmoastroparticle Physics \\
                 Understanding a Flower / 162 \\
                 All Scientific Understanding So Far Is Descriptive
                 Understanding \\
                 Complexity and Chaos \\
                 Particle Physics and Flowers \\
                 App. A Feynman Diagrams and Rules / 168 \\
                 The Vertices \\
                 Examples of Processes \\
                 When the Standard Theory Is Extended \\
                 App. B Internal Symmetries and the Standard Theory /
                 174 \\
                 App. C CP Violation / 179 \\
                 List of Symbols / 182 \\
                 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms / 184 \\
                 Glossary / 186 \\
                 Index / 213",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Dauber:1996:TBB
author: Philip M. Dauber and Richard A. Muller
title: The Three Big Bangs: Comet Crashes, Exploding Stars, and the Creation of the Universe
publisher: pub-AW
address: pub-AW:adr
pages: viii + 207 + 16
year: 1996
LCCN: QB991.B54.D38
bibdate: Fri Oct 27 12:49:55 MDT 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.bibsys.no:2100/BIBSYS
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.27 12:49:55 MDT
series: Helix books
subject: Supernovae; Big bang theory; Catastrophes (Geology)
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Philip M. Dauber and Richard A. Muller
rawtitle: The Three Big Bangs: Comet Crashes, Exploding Stars, and the Creation of the Universe
ISBN:
0-201-15495-1 (paperback), 0-201-40752-3 (hardcover) OR 0201154951 (paperback), 0201407523 (hardcover)

ISBN13:
978-0-201-15495-5 (paperback), 978-0-201-40752-5 (hardcover) OR 9780201154955 (paperback), 9780201407525 (hardcover)

TOC:
Three big bangs Comet crashes: Jupiter crash Target earth Controversy Smoking gun Asteroids Comets Nemesis and mass extinctions Spaceguard Impacts and evolution Exploding stars: New star Stars are us Secret lives and violent deaths of stars Peculiar progeny of a supernova Supernova hunters Creation of the universe: Creation Fleeing galaxies Microwaves in the sky Snapshot of creation Of matter and antimatter Universes finite and infinite Cosmological candles Three big bangs revisited. Three big bangs Comet crashes: Jupiter crash Target earth Controversy Smoking gun Asteroids Comets Nemesis and mass extinctions Spaceguard Impacts and evolution Exploding stars: New star Stars are us Secret lives and violent deaths of stars Peculiar progeny of a supernova Supernova hunters Creation of the universe: Creation Fleeing galaxies Microwaves in the sky Snapshot of creation Of matter and antimatter Universes finite and infinite Cosmological candles Three big bangs revisited

rawTOC:
Three big bangs \\ Comet crashes: Jupiter crash \\ Target earth \\ Controversy \\ Smoking gun \\ Asteroids \\ Comets \\ Nemesis and mass extinctions \\ Spaceguard \\ Impacts and evolution \\ Exploding stars: New star \\ Stars are us \\ Secret lives and violent deaths of stars \\ Peculiar progeny of a supernova \\ Supernova hunters \\ Creation of the universe: Creation \\ Fleeing galaxies \\ Microwaves in the sky \\ Snapshot of creation \\ Of matter and antimatter \\ Universes finite and infinite \\ Cosmological candles \\ Three big bangs revisited. Three big bangs \\ Comet crashes: Jupiter crash \\ Target earth \\ Controversy \\ Smoking gun \\ Asteroids \\ Comets \\ Nemesis and mass extinctions \\ Spaceguard \\ Impacts and evolution \\ Exploding stars: New star \\ Stars are us \\ Secret lives and violent deaths of stars \\ Peculiar progeny of a supernova \\ Supernova hunters \\ Creation of the universe: Creation \\ Fleeing galaxies \\ Microwaves in the sky \\ Snapshot of creation \\ Of matter and antimatter \\ Universes finite and infinite \\ Cosmological candles \\ Three big bangs revisited

entry:
@Book{Dauber:1996:TBB,
  author =       "Philip M. Dauber and Richard A. Muller",
  title =        "The Three Big Bangs: Comet Crashes, Exploding Stars,
                 and the Creation of the Universe",
  publisher =    pub-AW,
  address =      pub-AW:adr,
  pages =        "viii + 207 + 16",
  year =         "1996",
  ISBN =         "0-201-15495-1 (paperback), 0-201-40752-3 (hardcover)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-201-15495-5 (paperback), 978-0-201-40752-5
                 (hardcover)",
  LCCN =         "QB991.B54.D38",
  bibdate =      "Fri Oct 27 12:49:55 MDT 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.bibsys.no:2100/BIBSYS",
  series =       "Helix books",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Supernovae; Big bang theory; Catastrophes (Geology)",
  tableofcontents = "Three big bangs \\
                 Comet crashes: Jupiter crash \\
                 Target earth \\
                 Controversy \\
                 Smoking gun \\
                 Asteroids \\
                 Comets \\
                 Nemesis and mass extinctions \\
                 Spaceguard \\
                 Impacts and evolution \\
                 Exploding stars: New star \\
                 Stars are us \\
                 Secret lives and violent deaths of stars \\
                 Peculiar progeny of a supernova \\
                 Supernova hunters \\
                 Creation of the universe: Creation \\
                 Fleeing galaxies \\
                 Microwaves in the sky \\
                 Snapshot of creation \\
                 Of matter and antimatter \\
                 Universes finite and infinite \\
                 Cosmological candles \\
                 Three big bangs revisited. Three big bangs \\
                 Comet crashes: Jupiter crash \\
                 Target earth \\
                 Controversy \\
                 Smoking gun \\
                 Asteroids \\
                 Comets \\
                 Nemesis and mass extinctions \\
                 Spaceguard \\
                 Impacts and evolution \\
                 Exploding stars: New star \\
                 Stars are us \\
                 Secret lives and violent deaths of stars \\
                 Peculiar progeny of a supernova \\
                 Supernova hunters \\
                 Creation of the universe: Creation \\
                 Fleeing galaxies \\
                 Microwaves in the sky \\
                 Snapshot of creation \\
                 Of matter and antimatter \\
                 Universes finite and infinite \\
                 Cosmological candles \\
                 Three big bangs revisited",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kragh:1996:CCH
author: Helge Kragh
booktitle: Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development of Two Theories of the Universe
title: Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development of Two Theories of the Universe
publisher: pub-PRINCETON
address: pub-PRINCETON:adr
pages: xiii + 500
year: 1996
ISBN: 0-691-02623-8 (hardcover) OR 0691026238 (hardcover)
ISBN13: 978-0-691-02623-7 (hardcover) OR 9780691026237 (hardcover)
LCCN: QB981 .K73 1996
bibdate: Fri Jul 5 13:02:10 MDT 2013
bibtimestamp: 2013.07.05 13:02:10 MDT
subject: Cosmology; History
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Helge Kragh
rawbooktitle: Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development of Two Theories of the Universe
rawtitle: Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development of Two Theories of the Universe
bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/physperspect.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/shps-b.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager

URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/prin031/96005612.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/prin031/96005612.html

abstract:
For over three millennia, most people could understand the universe only in terms of myth, religion, and philosophy. Between 1920 and 1970, cosmology transformed into a branch of physics. With this remarkably rapid change came a theory that would finally lend empirical support to many long-held beliefs about the origins and development of the entire universe: the theory of the big bang. In this book, Helge Kragh presents the development of scientific cosmology for the first time as a historical event, one that embroiled many famous scientists in a controversy over the very notion of an evolving universe with a beginning in time. In rich detail he examines how the big-bang theory drew inspiration from and eventually triumphed over rival views, mainly the steady-state theory and its concept of a stationary universe of infinite age. In the 1920s, Alexander Friedmann and Georges Lemaitre showed that Einstein's general relativity equations possessed solutions for a universe expanding in time. Kragh follows the story from here, showing how the big-bang theory evolved, from Edwin Hubble's observation that most galaxies are receding from us, to the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Sir Fred Hoyle proposed instead the steady-state theory, a model of dynamic equilibrium involving the continuous creation of matter throughout the universe. Although today it is generally accepted that the universe started some ten billion years ago in a big bang, many readers may not fully realize that this standard view owed much of its formation to the steady-state theory. By exploring the similarities and tensions between the theories, Kragh provides the reader with indispensable background for understanding much of today's commentary about our universe.

TOC:
1. Background: From Einstein to Hubble / 3 2. Lemaitre's Fireworks Universe / 22 2.1. The Discovery of the Expanding Universe / 22 2.2. The Primeval Atom / 39 2.3. Cosmythologies / 61 2.4. The Time Scale Difficulty / 73 3. Gamow's Big Bang / 80 3.1. Nuclear Physics and Stellar Energy / 81 3.2. The Ultimate Nuclear Oven / 101 3.2. Cosmology as a Branch of Physics / 123 4. The Steady-State Alternative / 142 4.1. Stationary Universes and Creation of Matter / 143 4.2. A Cambridge Trio / 162 4.3. Emergence of the Steady-State Theory / 173 4.4. Two Steady-State Papers / 179 4.5. Elaboration and Initial Response / 186 5. Creation and Controversy / 202 5.1. Developments and Modifications of Steady-State Theory / 202 5.2. Is Cosmology a Science? / 219 5.3. Religion, Politics, and the Universe / 251 6. The Universe Observed / 269 6.1. Observational Challenges / 271 6.2. Galaxies and Atomic Nuclei / 288 6.3. Implications of Radio Astronomy / 305 7. From Controversy to Marginalization / 318 7.1. New Observations, New Debates / 319 7.2. Relics from the Birth of the Universe / 338 7.3. Hoyle's Many Alternatives / 358 7.4. The Termination of the Controversy / 373 8. Epilogue: Dynamics of a Controversy / 389 Appendix I. A Cosmological Chronology, 1917--1971 / 397 Appendix II. Technical Glossary / 400 Notes / 403 Bibliography / 447 Index / 487

rawabstract:
For over three millennia, most people could understand the universe only in terms of myth, religion, and philosophy. Between 1920 and 1970, cosmology transformed into a branch of physics. With this remarkably rapid change came a theory that would finally lend empirical support to many long-held beliefs about the origins and development of the entire universe: the theory of the big bang. In this book, Helge Kragh presents the development of scientific cosmology for the first time as a historical event, one that embroiled many famous scientists in a controversy over the very notion of an evolving universe with a beginning in time. In rich detail he examines how the big-bang theory drew inspiration from and eventually triumphed over rival views, mainly the steady-state theory and its concept of a stationary universe of infinite age. In the 1920s, Alexander Friedmann and Georges Lemaitre showed that Einstein's general relativity equations possessed solutions for a universe expanding in time. Kragh follows the story from here, showing how the big-bang theory evolved, from Edwin Hubble's observation that most galaxies are receding from us, to the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Sir Fred Hoyle proposed instead the steady-state theory, a model of dynamic equilibrium involving the continuous creation of matter throughout the universe. Although today it is generally accepted that the universe started some ten billion years ago in a big bang, many readers may not fully realize that this standard view owed much of its formation to the steady-state theory. By exploring the similarities and tensions between the theories, Kragh provides the reader with indispensable background for understanding much of today's commentary about our universe.

rawTOC:
1. Background: From Einstein to Hubble / 3 \\ 2. Lema{\^\i}tre's Fireworks Universe / 22 \\ 2.1. The Discovery of the Expanding Universe / 22 \\ 2.2. The Primeval Atom / 39 \\ 2.3. Cosmythologies / 61 \\ 2.4. The Time Scale Difficulty / 73 \\ 3. Gamow's Big Bang / 80 \\ 3.1. Nuclear Physics and Stellar Energy / 81 \\ 3.2. The Ultimate Nuclear Oven / 101 \\ 3.2. Cosmology as a Branch of Physics / 123 \\ 4. The Steady-State Alternative / 142 \\ 4.1. Stationary Universes and Creation of Matter / 143 \\ 4.2. A Cambridge Trio / 162 \\ 4.3. Emergence of the Steady-State Theory / 173 \\ 4.4. Two Steady-State Papers / 179 \\ 4.5. Elaboration and Initial Response / 186 \\ 5. Creation and Controversy / 202 \\ 5.1. Developments and Modifications of Steady-State Theory / 202 \\ 5.2. Is Cosmology a Science? / 219 \\ 5.3. Religion, Politics, and the Universe / 251 \\ 6. The Universe Observed / 269 \\ 6.1. Observational Challenges / 271 \\ 6.2. Galaxies and Atomic Nuclei / 288 \\ 6.3. Implications of Radio Astronomy / 305 \\ 7. From Controversy to Marginalization / 318 \\ 7.1. New Observations, New Debates / 319 \\ 7.2. Relics from the Birth of the Universe / 338 \\ 7.3. Hoyle's Many Alternatives / 358 \\ 7.4. The Termination of the Controversy / 373 \\ 8. Epilogue: Dynamics of a Controversy / 389 \\ Appendix I. A Cosmological Chronology, 1917--1971 / 397 \\ Appendix II. Technical Glossary / 400 \\ Notes / 403 \\ Bibliography / 447 \\ Index / 487

entry:
@Book{Kragh:1996:CCH,
  author =       "Helge Kragh",
  booktitle =    "Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development
                 of Two Theories of the Universe",
  title =        "Cosmology and Controversy: the Historical Development
                 of Two Theories of the Universe",
  publisher =    pub-PRINCETON,
  address =      pub-PRINCETON:adr,
  pages =        "xiii + 500",
  year =         "1996",
  ISBN =         "0-691-02623-8 (hardcover)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-691-02623-7 (hardcover)",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .K73 1996",
  bibdate =      "Fri Jul 5 13:02:10 MDT 2013",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/physperspect.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/shps-b.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/prin031/96005612.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/prin031/96005612.html",
  abstract =     "For over three millennia, most people could understand
                 the universe only in terms of myth, religion, and
                 philosophy. Between 1920 and 1970, cosmology
                 transformed into a branch of physics. With this
                 remarkably rapid change came a theory that would
                 finally lend empirical support to many long-held
                 beliefs about the origins and development of the entire
                 universe: the theory of the big bang. In this book,
                 Helge Kragh presents the development of scientific
                 cosmology for the first time as a historical event, one
                 that embroiled many famous scientists in a controversy
                 over the very notion of an evolving universe with a
                 beginning in time. In rich detail he examines how the
                 big-bang theory drew inspiration from and eventually
                 triumphed over rival views, mainly the steady-state
                 theory and its concept of a stationary universe of
                 infinite age. In the 1920s, Alexander Friedmann and
                 Georges Lemaitre showed that Einstein's general
                 relativity equations possessed solutions for a universe
                 expanding in time. Kragh follows the story from here,
                 showing how the big-bang theory evolved, from Edwin
                 Hubble's observation that most galaxies are receding
                 from us, to the discovery of the cosmic microwave
                 background radiation. Sir Fred Hoyle proposed instead
                 the steady-state theory, a model of dynamic equilibrium
                 involving the continuous creation of matter throughout
                 the universe. Although today it is generally accepted
                 that the universe started some ten billion years ago in
                 a big bang, many readers may not fully realize that
                 this standard view owed much of its formation to the
                 steady-state theory. By exploring the similarities and
                 tensions between the theories, Kragh provides the
                 reader with indispensable background for understanding
                 much of today's commentary about our universe.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology; History",
  tableofcontents = "1. Background: From Einstein to Hubble / 3 \\
                 2. Lema{\^\i}tre's Fireworks Universe / 22 \\
                 2.1. The Discovery of the Expanding Universe / 22 \\
                 2.2. The Primeval Atom / 39 \\
                 2.3. Cosmythologies / 61 \\
                 2.4. The Time Scale Difficulty / 73 \\
                 3. Gamow's Big Bang / 80 \\
                 3.1. Nuclear Physics and Stellar Energy / 81 \\
                 3.2. The Ultimate Nuclear Oven / 101 \\
                 3.2. Cosmology as a Branch of Physics / 123 \\
                 4. The Steady-State Alternative / 142 \\
                 4.1. Stationary Universes and Creation of Matter / 143
                 \\
                 4.2. A Cambridge Trio / 162 \\
                 4.3. Emergence of the Steady-State Theory / 173 \\
                 4.4. Two Steady-State Papers / 179 \\
                 4.5. Elaboration and Initial Response / 186 \\
                 5. Creation and Controversy / 202 \\
                 5.1. Developments and Modifications of Steady-State
                 Theory / 202 \\
                 5.2. Is Cosmology a Science? / 219 \\
                 5.3. Religion, Politics, and the Universe / 251 \\
                 6. The Universe Observed / 269 \\
                 6.1. Observational Challenges / 271 \\
                 6.2. Galaxies and Atomic Nuclei / 288 \\
                 6.3. Implications of Radio Astronomy / 305 \\
                 7. From Controversy to Marginalization / 318 \\
                 7.1. New Observations, New Debates / 319 \\
                 7.2. Relics from the Birth of the Universe / 338 \\
                 7.3. Hoyle's Many Alternatives / 358 \\
                 7.4. The Termination of the Controversy / 373 \\
                 8. Epilogue: Dynamics of a Controversy / 389 \\
                 Appendix I. A Cosmological Chronology, 1917--1971 / 397
                 \\
                 Appendix II. Technical Glossary / 400 \\
                 Notes / 403 \\
                 Bibliography / 447 \\
                 Index / 487",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Kragh:1996:GGR
author: Helge Kragh
title: Gamow's Game: The Road to the Hot Big Bang
journal: j-CENTAURUS
volume: 38
number: 4
pages: 335--361
month: dec
monthnumber: 12
year: 1996
CODEN: CENTA4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1996.tb00020.x
ISSN: 0008-8994 (print), 1600-0498 (electronic) OR 00088994 (print), 16000498 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0008-8994 OR 00088994
bibdate: Sat Jul 27 18:44:16 MDT 2013
bibtimestamp: 2013.07.27 18:44:16 MDT
fjournal: Centaurus: An International Journal of the History of Science and its Cultural Aspects
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
onlinedate: 26 Jul 2007
rawauthor: Helge Kragh
rawtitle: {Gamow}'s Game: The Road to the {Hot Big Bang}
bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/centaurus.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib

URL:
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996Cent...38..335K; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1996.tb00020.x/abstract

entry:
@Article{Kragh:1996:GGR,
  author =       "Helge Kragh",
  title =        "{Gamow}'s Game: The Road to the {Hot Big Bang}",
  journal =      j-CENTAURUS,
  volume =       "38",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "335--361",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "CENTA4",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1996.tb00020.x",
  ISSN =         "0008-8994 (print), 1600-0498 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0008-8994",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jul 27 18:44:16 MDT 2013",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/centaurus.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996Cent...38..335K;
                 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1996.tb00020.x/abstract",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "Centaurus: An International Journal of the History of
                 Science and its Cultural Aspects",
  onlinedate =   "26 Jul 2007",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Payne-Gaposchkin:1996:CPG
editor: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine Haramundanis
title: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an autobiography and other recollections
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
edition: Second
pages: xxii + 277
year: 1996
LCCN: QB36.G37 A33 1996
bibdate: Mon Sep 29 10:06:01 MDT 2014
bibsource: fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2014.09.29 10:06:01 MDT
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1900--1979
subjectdates: 1900--1979
raweditor: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine Haramundanis
rawtitle: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an autobiography and other recollections
ISBN:
0-521-48251-8 (hardcover), 0-521-48390-5 (paperback) OR 0521482518 (hardcover), 0521483905 (paperback)

ISBN13:
978-0-521-48251-6 (hardcover), 978-0-521-48390-2 (paperback) OR 9780521482516 (hardcover), 9780521483902 (paperback)

URL:
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam027/95044001.html; http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam021/95044001.html

abstract:
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became acclaimed in her lifetime as the greatest woman astronomer of all time. Her own story of her professional life, work and scientific achievements is augmented by the personal recollections of her daughter, Katherine Haramundanis, as well as a scientific appreciation by Jesse Greenstein, a historical essay by Peggy Kidwell, and in this new edition, an introduction by Virginia Trimble. Payne-Gaposchkin's overwhelming love for astronomy was her personal guiding light, and her attitude and approach have lessons for all. She received many prestigious awards for her outstanding contributions to science and in 1956 became the first woman to be advanced to the rank of Professor at Harvard University, as well as being the first woman head of department. This book will interest both astronomers and those studying the advancement of the position and status of women in society.

subject:
Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Gaposchkin, Cecilia Helena Payne; Astronomers; United States; Biography; Astronomes; Etats-Unis; Biographies.

TOC:
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an Introduction / Virginia Trimble An introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Jesse L. Greenstein A historical introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Peggy A. Kidwell A personal recollection / Katherine Haramundanis The Dyer's Hand: an autobiography / Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin Dedication Foreword Part I. The Vision Splendid 1. Backgrounds 2. Beginnings 3. Prelude to education 4. Birth of a dream 5. Dramatic interlude 6. The dream fulfilled 7. Pathway to the stars Part II. The Light of Common Day 8. England and the United States 9. Harvard College Observatory 10. The cradle of astrophysics 11. Harlow Shapley 12. Stellar atmospheres 13. Spectra and luminosities 14. Editorial experiences 15. Visiting astronomers 16. At the cross roads Part III. The Dyer's Hand Subdued 17. Turning point 18. Prolegomena to various stars 19. International problems 20. End of an era 21. Retrospect Part IV. Reflections 22. On being a woman 23. Science and myth 24. Worlds not realized Bibliography of works by Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin Postlude Index

rawabstract:
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became acclaimed in her lifetime as the greatest woman astronomer of all time. Her own story of her professional life, work and scientific achievements is augmented by the personal recollections of her daughter, Katherine Haramundanis, as well as a scientific appreciation by Jesse Greenstein, a historical essay by Peggy Kidwell, and in this new edition, an introduction by Virginia Trimble. Payne-Gaposchkin's overwhelming love for astronomy was her personal guiding light, and her attitude and approach have lessons for all. She received many prestigious awards for her outstanding contributions to science and in 1956 became the first woman to be advanced to the rank of Professor at Harvard University, as well as being the first woman head of department. This book will interest both astronomers and those studying the advancement of the position and status of women in society.

rawTOC:
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an Introduction / Virginia Trimble \\ An introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Jesse L. Greenstein \\ A historical introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Peggy A. Kidwell \\ A personal recollection / Katherine Haramundanis \\ The Dyer's Hand: an autobiography / Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin \\ Dedication \\ Foreword \\ Part I. The Vision Splendid \\ 1. Backgrounds \\ 2. Beginnings \\ 3. Prelude to education \\ 4. Birth of a dream \\ 5. Dramatic interlude \\ 6. The dream fulfilled \\ 7. Pathway to the stars \\ Part II. The Light of Common Day \\ 8. England and the United States \\ 9. Harvard College Observatory \\ 10. The cradle of astrophysics \\ 11. Harlow Shapley \\ 12. Stellar atmospheres \\ 13. Spectra and luminosities \\ 14. Editorial experiences \\ 15. Visiting astronomers \\ 16. At the cross roads \\ Part III. The Dyer's Hand Subdued \\ 17. Turning point \\ 18. Prolegomena to various stars \\ 19. International problems \\ 20. End of an era \\ 21. Retrospect \\ Part IV. Reflections \\ 22. On being a woman \\ 23. Science and myth \\ 24. Worlds not realized \\ Bibliography of works by Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin \\ Postlude \\ Index

entry:
@Book{Payne-Gaposchkin:1996:CPG,
  editor =       "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Katherine Haramundanis",
  title =        "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an autobiography and other
                 recollections",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  edition =      "Second",
  pages =        "xxii + 277",
  year =         "1996",
  ISBN =         "0-521-48251-8 (hardcover), 0-521-48390-5 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-48251-6 (hardcover), 978-0-521-48390-2
                 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QB36.G37 A33 1996",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 29 10:06:01 MDT 2014",
  bibsource =    "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam027/95044001.html;
                 http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam021/95044001.html",
  abstract =     "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became acclaimed in her
                 lifetime as the greatest woman astronomer of all time.
                 Her own story of her professional life, work and
                 scientific achievements is augmented by the personal
                 recollections of her daughter, Katherine Haramundanis,
                 as well as a scientific appreciation by Jesse
                 Greenstein, a historical essay by Peggy Kidwell, and in
                 this new edition, an introduction by Virginia Trimble.
                 Payne-Gaposchkin's overwhelming love for astronomy was
                 her personal guiding light, and her attitude and
                 approach have lessons for all. She received many
                 prestigious awards for her outstanding contributions to
                 science and in 1956 became the first woman to be
                 advanced to the rank of Professor at Harvard
                 University, as well as being the first woman head of
                 department. This book will interest both astronomers
                 and those studying the advancement of the position and
                 status of women in society.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1900--1979",
  subject =      "Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Gaposchkin, Cecilia Helena
                 Payne; Astronomers; United States; Biography;
                 Astronomes; {\'E}tats-Unis; Biographies.",
  subject-dates = "1900--1979",
  tableofcontents = "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an Introduction /
                 Virginia Trimble \\
                 An introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Jesse L.
                 Greenstein \\
                 A historical introduction to The Dyer's Hand / Peggy A.
                 Kidwell \\
                 A personal recollection / Katherine Haramundanis \\
                 The Dyer's Hand: an autobiography / Cecilia
                 Payne-Gaposchkin \\
                 Dedication \\
                 Foreword \\
                 Part I. The Vision Splendid \\
                 1. Backgrounds \\
                 2. Beginnings \\
                 3. Prelude to education \\
                 4. Birth of a dream \\
                 5. Dramatic interlude \\
                 6. The dream fulfilled \\
                 7. Pathway to the stars \\
                 Part II. The Light of Common Day \\
                 8. England and the United States \\
                 9. Harvard College Observatory \\
                 10. The cradle of astrophysics \\
                 11. Harlow Shapley \\
                 12. Stellar atmospheres \\
                 13. Spectra and luminosities \\
                 14. Editorial experiences \\
                 15. Visiting astronomers \\
                 16. At the cross roads \\
                 Part III. The Dyer's Hand Subdued \\
                 17. Turning point \\
                 18. Prolegomena to various stars \\
                 19. International problems \\
                 20. End of an era \\
                 21. Retrospect \\
                 Part IV. Reflections \\
                 22. On being a woman \\
                 23. Science and myth \\
                 24. Worlds not realized \\
                 Bibliography of works by Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin \\
                 Postlude \\
                 Index",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Donkin:1997:CPS
author: Andrew Donkin
title: The cosmic professor: the story of Albert Einstein
publisher: Macdonald Young
address: Hove, UK
pages: 48
year: 1997
ISBN: 0-7500-2300-7, 0-7500-2304-X (paperback) OR 0750023007, 075002304X (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-7500-2300-9, 978-0-7500-2304-7 (paperback) OR 9780750023009, 9780750023047 (paperback)
bibdate: Sat Oct 28 15:20:28 2006
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2006.10.28 15:20:28 ???
keywords: juvenile literature
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Andrew Donkin
rawtitle: The cosmic professor: the story of {Albert Einstein}
entry:
@Book{Donkin:1997:CPS,
  author =       "Andrew Donkin",
  title =        "The cosmic professor: the story of {Albert Einstein}",
  publisher =    "Macdonald Young",
  address =      "Hove, UK",
  pages =        "48",
  year =         "1997",
  ISBN =         "0-7500-2300-7, 0-7500-2304-X (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-7500-2300-9, 978-0-7500-2304-7 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "????",
  bibdate =      "Sat Oct 28 15:20:28 2006",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  keywords =     "juvenile literature",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Feynman:1997:SEP
author: Richard Phillips Feynman
title: Six not-so-easy pieces: Einstein's Relativity, symmetry, and space--time
publisher: pub-AW
address: pub-AW:adr
pages: xxvii + 152
year: 1997
LCCN: QC793.3.S9 F49 199
bibdate: Mon Oct 26 18:17:15 MDT 2009
bibtimestamp: 2009.10.26 18:17:15 MDT
series: Helix books
subject: Symmetry (Physics); Special Relativity (physics); Space and time
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: Richard Phillips Feynman (1918--1988)
rawauthor: Richard Phillips Feynman
rawtitle: Six not-so-easy pieces: {Einstein}'s {Relativity}, symmetry, and space--time
ISBN:
0-201-32841-0 (set), 0-201-15025-5 (hardcover), 0-201-32842-9 (paperback), 0-201-31151-8 (disc 1), 0-201-31152-6 (disc 2), 0-201-31153-4 (disc 3), 0-201-31154-2 (disc 4), 0-201-31155-0 (disc 5), 0-201-31156-9 (disc 6) OR 0201328410 (set), 0201150255 (hardcover), 0201328429 (paperback), 0201311518 (disc 1), 0201311526 (disc 2), 0201311534 (disc 3), 0201311542 (disc 4), 0201311550 (disc 5), 0201311569 (disc 6)

ISBN13:
978-0-201-32841-7 (set), 978-0-201-15025-4 (hardcover), 978-0-201-32842-4 (paperback), 978-0-201-31151-8 (disc 1), 978-0-201-31152-5 (disc 2), 978-0-201-31153-2 (disc 3), 978-0-201-31154-9 (disc 4), 978-0-201-31155-6 (disc 5), 978-0-201-31156-3 (disc 6) OR 9780201328417 (set), 9780201150254 (hardcover), 9780201328424 (paperback), 9780201311518 (disc 1), 9780201311525 (disc 2), 9780201311532 (disc 3), 9780201311549 (disc 4), 9780201311556 (disc 5), 9780201311563 (disc 6)

bibsource:
https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/feynman-richard-p.bib; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk

note:
Originally prepared for publication by Robert B. Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New introduction by Roger Penrose. See also cite Feynman:1995:SEP

TOC:
1. Vectors 2. Symmetry in Physical Laws 3. The Special Theory of Relativity 4. Relativistic Energy and Momentum 5. Space--time 6. Curved Space

rawnote:
Originally prepared for publication by Robert B. Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New introduction by Roger Penrose. See also \cite{Feynman:1995:SEP}

rawTOC:
1. Vectors \\ 2. Symmetry in Physical Laws \\ 3. The Special Theory of Relativity \\ 4. Relativistic Energy and Momentum \\ 5. Space--time \\ 6. Curved Space

entry:
@Book{Feynman:1997:SEP,
  author =       "Richard Phillips Feynman",
  title =        "Six not-so-easy pieces: {Einstein}'s {Relativity},
                 symmetry, and space--time",
  publisher =    pub-AW,
  address =      pub-AW:adr,
  pages =        "xxvii + 152",
  year =         "1997",
  ISBN =         "0-201-32841-0 (set), 0-201-15025-5 (hardcover),
                 0-201-32842-9 (paperback), 0-201-31151-8 (disc 1),
                 0-201-31152-6 (disc 2), 0-201-31153-4 (disc 3),
                 0-201-31154-2 (disc 4), 0-201-31155-0 (disc 5),
                 0-201-31156-9 (disc 6)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-201-32841-7 (set), 978-0-201-15025-4
                 (hardcover), 978-0-201-32842-4 (paperback),
                 978-0-201-31151-8 (disc 1), 978-0-201-31152-5 (disc 2),
                 978-0-201-31153-2 (disc 3), 978-0-201-31154-9 (disc 4),
                 978-0-201-31155-6 (disc 5), 978-0-201-31156-3 (disc
                 6)",
  LCCN =         "QC793.3.S9 F49 199",
  bibdate =      "Mon Oct 26 18:17:15 MDT 2009",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/feynman-richard-p.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk",
  note =         "Originally prepared for publication by Robert B.
                 Leighton and Matthew L. (Matthew Linzee) Sands. New
                 introduction by Roger Penrose. See also
                 \cite{Feynman:1995:SEP}",
  series =       "Helix books",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "Richard Phillips Feynman (1918--1988)",
  subject =      "Symmetry (Physics); Special Relativity (physics);
                 Space and time",
  tableofcontents = "1. Vectors \\
                 2. Symmetry in Physical Laws \\
                 3. The Special Theory of Relativity \\
                 4. Relativistic Energy and Momentum \\
                 5. Space--time \\
                 6. Curved Space",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Guth:1997:IUQ
author: Alan H. Guth
title: The inflationary universe: the quest for a new theory of cosmic origins
publisher: pub-PERSEUS
address: pub-PERSEUS:adr
pages: xv + 358
year: 1997
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:11:42 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:11:42 MST
subject: Inflationary universe
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Alan H. Guth
rawtitle: The inflationary universe: the quest for a new theory of cosmic origins
ISBN:
0-201-32840-2 (paperback), 0-201-14942-7 (hardcover) OR 0201328402 (paperback), 0201149427 (hardcover)

ISBN13:
978-0-201-32840-0 (paperback), 978-0-201-14942-5 (hardcover) OR 9780201328400 (paperback), 9780201149425 (hardcover)

TOC:
The ultimate free lunch Ths cosmic vista from Ithaca, New York The birth of modern cosmology Echoes of a scorching past Condensation of the primordial soup Matters of matter and antimatter The particle physics revolution of the 1970s Grand unified theories Compatting the magnetic monopole menace The inflationary universe The aftermath of discovery The new inflationary universe Wrinkles on a smooth background Observational clues from deep below and far beyond The eternally existing, self-reproducing inflationary universe Wormholes and the creation of universes in the laboratory A universe ex nihilo Appendix A: Gravitational energy Appendix B: Newton and the infinite static universe Appendix C: Blackbody radiation Appendix D: Units and measures

rawTOC:
The ultimate free lunch \\ Ths cosmic vista from Ithaca, New York \\ The birth of modern cosmology \\ Echoes of a scorching past \\ Condensation of the primordial soup \\ Matters of matter and antimatter \\ The particle physics revolution of the 1970s \\ Grand unified theories \\ Compatting the magnetic monopole menace \\ The inflationary universe \\ The aftermath of discovery \\ The new inflationary universe \\ Wrinkles on a smooth background \\ Observational clues from deep below and far beyond \\ The eternally existing, self-reproducing inflationary universe \\ Wormholes and the creation of universes in the laboratory \\ A universe ex nihilo \\ Appendix A: Gravitational energy \\ Appendix B: Newton and the infinite static universe \\ Appendix C: Blackbody radiation \\ Appendix D: Units and measures

entry:
@Book{Guth:1997:IUQ,
  author =       "Alan H. Guth",
  title =        "The inflationary universe: the quest for a new theory
                 of cosmic origins",
  publisher =    pub-PERSEUS,
  address =      pub-PERSEUS:adr,
  pages =        "xv + 358",
  year =         "1997",
  ISBN =         "0-201-32840-2 (paperback), 0-201-14942-7 (hardcover)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-201-32840-0 (paperback), 978-0-201-14942-5
                 (hardcover)",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:11:42 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Inflationary universe",
  tableofcontents = "The ultimate free lunch \\
                 Ths cosmic vista from Ithaca, New York \\
                 The birth of modern cosmology \\
                 Echoes of a scorching past \\
                 Condensation of the primordial soup \\
                 Matters of matter and antimatter \\
                 The particle physics revolution of the 1970s \\
                 Grand unified theories \\
                 Compatting the magnetic monopole menace \\
                 The inflationary universe \\
                 The aftermath of discovery \\
                 The new inflationary universe \\
                 Wrinkles on a smooth background \\
                 Observational clues from deep below and far beyond \\
                 The eternally existing, self-reproducing inflationary
                 universe \\
                 Wormholes and the creation of universes in the
                 laboratory \\
                 A universe ex nihilo \\
                 Appendix A: Gravitational energy \\
                 Appendix B: Newton and the infinite static universe \\
                 Appendix C: Blackbody radiation \\
                 Appendix D: Units and measures",
}


bibtype: article
filename: einstein.bib
label: Smith:1997:BET
author: Nicholas J. J. Smith
title: Bananas Enough for Time Travel?
journal: j-BRITISH-J-PHILOS-SCI
volume: 48
number: 3
pages: 363--389
month: sep
monthnumber: 9
year: 1997
CODEN: BJPIA5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/48.3.363
ISSN: 0007-0882 (print), 1464-3537 (electronic) OR 00070882 (print), 14643537 (electronic)
ISSNL: 0007-0882 OR 00070882
bibdate: Thu Oct 7 14:03:33 MDT 2010
bibsource: http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/48/3.toc; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2010.10.07 14:03:33 MDT
URL: http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/48/3/363.full.pdf+html
fjournal: British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Nicholas J. J. Smith
rawtitle: Bananas Enough for Time Travel?
entry:
@Article{Smith:1997:BET,
  author =       "Nicholas J. J. Smith",
  title =        "Bananas Enough for Time Travel?",
  journal =      j-BRITISH-J-PHILOS-SCI,
  volume =       "48",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "363--389",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "BJPIA5",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/48.3.363",
  ISSN =         "0007-0882 (print), 1464-3537 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0007-0882",
  bibdate =      "Thu Oct 7 14:03:33 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/48/3.toc;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  URL =          "http://bjps.oxfordjournals.org/content/48/3/363.full.pdf+html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "British Journal for the Philosophy of Science",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: vonHumboldt:1997:CSP
author: Alexander von Humboldt
title: Cosmos: a sketch of a physical description of the universe
publisher: pub-JOHNS-HOPKINS
address: pub-JOHNS-HOPKINS:adr
pages: 375 (vol. 1), 367 (vol. 2)
year: 1997
LCCN: QB981 .H8613 1997
bibdate: Fri Sep 24 02:42:56 MDT 2010
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2010.09.24 02:42:56 MDT
series: Foundations of natural history
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
authordates: 1769--1859
rawauthor: Alexander von Humboldt
rawtitle: Cosmos: a sketch of a physical description of the universe
ISBN:
0-8018-5502-0 (vol. 1: paperback), 0-8018-5503-9 (vol. 2: paperback) OR 0801855020 (vol. 1: paperback), 0801855039 (vol. 2: paperback)

ISBN13:
978-0-8018-5502-3 (vol. 1: paperback), 978-0-8018-5503-0 (vol. 2: paperback) OR 9780801855023 (vol. 1: paperback), 9780801855030 (vol. 2: paperback)

URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/bios/jhu051/96036421.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/jhu052/96036421.html

remark:
Translated from the German by E. C. Otte; introduction by Michael Dettelbach. Previously published: New York: Harper and Brothers, 1858.

entry:
@Book{vonHumboldt:1997:CSP,
  author =       "Alexander von Humboldt",
  title =        "Cosmos: a sketch of a physical description of the
                 universe",
  publisher =    pub-JOHNS-HOPKINS,
  address =      pub-JOHNS-HOPKINS:adr,
  pages =        "375 (vol. 1), 367 (vol. 2)",
  year =         "1997",
  ISBN =         "0-8018-5502-0 (vol. 1: paperback), 0-8018-5503-9 (vol.
                 2: paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-8018-5502-3 (vol. 1: paperback),
                 978-0-8018-5503-0 (vol. 2: paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .H8613 1997",
  bibdate =      "Fri Sep 24 02:42:56 MDT 2010",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       "Foundations of natural history",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/bios/jhu051/96036421.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/jhu052/96036421.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  author-dates = "1769--1859",
  remark =       "Translated from the German by E. C. Ott{\'e};
                 introduction by Michael Dettelbach. Previously
                 published: New York: Harper and Brothers, 1858.",
  subject =      "Cosmology",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Arp:1998:SRR
author: Halton C. Arp
title: Seeing red: redshifts, cosmology and academic science
publisher: Apeiron
address: Montreal, Canada
pages: iv + 306 + 8
year: 1998
ISBN: 0-9683689-0-5 OR 0968368905
ISBN13: 978-0-9683689-0-9 OR 9780968368909
LCCN: QB857 .A764 1998
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 15:15:28 MST 2005
bibsource: clavis.ucalgary.ca:2200/UNICORN; https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 15:15:28 MST
remark: The views in this book are not shared by mainstream astrophysicists.
subject: Red shift; Quasars; Galaxies
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Halton C. Arp
rawtitle: Seeing red: redshifts, cosmology and academic science
entry:
@Book{Arp:1998:SRR,
  author =       "Halton C. Arp",
  title =        "Seeing red: redshifts, cosmology and academic
                 science",
  publisher =    "Apeiron",
  address =      "Montr{\'e}al, Canada",
  pages =        "iv + 306 + 8",
  year =         "1998",
  ISBN =         "0-9683689-0-5",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-9683689-0-9",
  LCCN =         "QB857 .A764 1998",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 15:15:28 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "clavis.ucalgary.ca:2200/UNICORN;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "The views in this book are not shared by mainstream
                 astrophysicists.",
  subject =      "Red shift; Quasars; Galaxies",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Hawking:1998:BHT
author: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
title: A brief history of time
publisher: pub-BANTAM
address: pub-BANTAM:adr
edition: Updated and expanded tenth anniversary
pages: ix + 212
year: 1998
ISBN: 0-553-10953-7, 0-553-38016-8 OR 0553109537, 0553380168
ISBN13: 978-0-553-10953-5, 978-0-553-38016-3 OR 9780553109535, 9780553380163
LCCN: QB981 .H377 1998
bibdate: Wed Nov 23 11:24:28 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2005.11.23 11:24:28 MST
subject: Cosmology
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking
rawtitle: A brief history of time
URL:
ftp://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/gutenberg/; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random043/98021874.html

TOC:
Our picture of the universe Space and time The expanding universe The uncertainty principle Elementary particles and the forces of nature Black holes Black holes ain't so black The origin and fate of the universe The arrow of time Wormholes and time travel The unification of physics Conclusion

rawTOC:
Our picture of the universe \\ Space and time \\ The expanding universe \\ The uncertainty principle \\ Elementary particles and the forces of nature \\ Black holes \\ Black holes ain't so black \\ The origin and fate of the universe \\ The arrow of time \\ Wormholes and time travel \\ The unification of physics \\ Conclusion

entry:
@Book{Hawking:1998:BHT,
  author =       "S. W. (Stephen W.) Hawking",
  title =        "A brief history of time",
  publisher =    pub-BANTAM,
  address =      pub-BANTAM:adr,
  edition =      "Updated and expanded tenth anniversary",
  pages =        "ix + 212",
  year =         "1998",
  ISBN =         "0-553-10953-7, 0-553-38016-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-553-10953-5, 978-0-553-38016-3",
  LCCN =         "QB981 .H377 1998",
  bibdate =      "Wed Nov 23 11:24:28 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "ftp://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/gutenberg/;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/random043/98021874.html",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  subject =      "Cosmology",
  tableofcontents = "Our picture of the universe \\
                 Space and time \\
                 The expanding universe \\
                 The uncertainty principle \\
                 Elementary particles and the forces of nature \\
                 Black holes \\
                 Black holes ain't so black \\
                 The origin and fate of the universe \\
                 The arrow of time \\
                 Wormholes and time travel \\
                 The unification of physics \\
                 Conclusion",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: Novikov:1998:RT
author: I. D. (Igor Dmitrievich) Novikov
title: The River of Time
publisher: pub-CAMBRIDGE
address: pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr
pages: xxii + 275
year: 1998
ISBN: 0-521-46177-4, 0-521-46737-3 (paperback) OR 0521461774, 0521467373 (paperback)
ISBN13: 978-0-521-46177-1, 978-0-521-46737-7 (paperback) OR 9780521461771, 9780521467377 (paperback)
LCCN: QB209 .N68 1998
bibdate: Wed Jun 6 08:35:09 MDT 2012
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager
bibtimestamp: 2012.06.06 08:35:09 MDT
remark: Translated from the Russian by Vitaly Kisin.
subject: time; history; philosophy
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: I. D. (Igor Dmitrievich) Novikov
rawtitle: The River of Time
URL:
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam028/97043010.html; http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam021/97043010.html; http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0997.83500

TOC:
Preface to the Russian edition / ix Preface to the English edition / xvii 1 Origins of thinking about time / 1 2 Science of time is born / 13 3 light / 37 4 The pace of time can be slowed down! / 47 5 Time machine / 69 6 Time, space and gravitation / 81 7 Holes in space and time / 95 8 Energy extracted from black holes / 139 9 Towards the sources of the river of time / 151 10 Journey to unusual depths / 165 11 Grand Unification / 173 12 Sources / 189 13 What produces the flow of time and why in a single direction only? / 203 14 Against the flow / 229 15 Can we change the past? / 251 Conclusion / 265 Name index / 269 Subject index / 273

rawTOC:
Preface to the Russian edition / ix \\ Preface to the English edition / xvii \\ 1 Origins of thinking about time / 1 \\ 2 Science of time is born / 13 \\ 3 light / 37 \\ 4 The pace of time can be slowed down! / 47 \\ 5 Time machine / 69 \\ 6 Time, space and gravitation / 81 \\ 7 Holes in space and time / 95 \\ 8 Energy extracted from black holes / 139 \\ 9 Towards the sources of the river of time / 151 \\ 10 Journey to unusual depths / 165 \\ 11 Grand Unification / 173 \\ 12 Sources / 189 \\ 13 What produces the flow of time and why in a single direction only? / 203 \\ 14 Against the flow / 229 \\ 15 Can we change the past? / 251 \\ Conclusion / 265 \\ Name index / 269 \\ Subject index / 273

entry:
@Book{Novikov:1998:RT,
  author =       "I. D. (Igor Dmitrievich) Novikov",
  title =        "The River of Time",
  publisher =    pub-CAMBRIDGE,
  address =      pub-CAMBRIDGE:adr,
  pages =        "xxii + 275",
  year =         "1998",
  ISBN =         "0-521-46177-4, 0-521-46737-3 (paperback)",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-521-46177-1, 978-0-521-46737-7 (paperback)",
  LCCN =         "QB209 .N68 1998",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jun 6 08:35:09 MDT 2012",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  URL =          "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam028/97043010.html;
                 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/cam021/97043010.html;
                 http://www.zentralblattmath.org/zmath/en/search/?an=0997.83500",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "Translated from the Russian by Vitaly Kisin.",
  subject =      "time; history; philosophy",
  tableofcontents = "Preface to the Russian edition / ix \\
                 Preface to the English edition / xvii \\
                 1 Origins of thinking about time / 1 \\
                 2 Science of time is born / 13 \\
                 3 light / 37 \\
                 4 The pace of time can be slowed down! / 47 \\
                 5 Time machine / 69 \\
                 6 Time, space and gravitation / 81 \\
                 7 Holes in space and time / 95 \\
                 8 Energy extracted from black holes / 139 \\
                 9 Towards the sources of the river of time / 151 \\
                 10 Journey to unusual depths / 165 \\
                 11 Grand Unification / 173 \\
                 12 Sources / 189 \\
                 13 What produces the flow of time and why in a single
                 direction only? / 203 \\
                 14 Against the flow / 229 \\
                 15 Can we change the past? / 251 \\
                 Conclusion / 265 \\
                 Name index / 269 \\
                 Subject index / 273",
}


bibtype: book
filename: einstein.bib
label: VanFlandern:1998:DMM
author: Tom Van Flandern
title: Dark matter, missing planets, and new comets: paradoxes resolved, origins illuminated
publisher: North Atlantic Books
address: Berkeley, CA, USA
edition: Revised
pages: xxxvii + 514
year: 1998
ISBN: 1-55643-268-2 OR 1556432682
ISBN13: 978-1-55643-268-2 OR 9781556432682
LCCN: QB43.2
bibdate: Sat Dec 17 15:21:01 MST 2005
bibsource: https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib; z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk
bibtimestamp: 2005.12.17 15:21:01 MST
remark: The views in this book are probably not shared by mainstream astrophysicists.
subject: Astronomy; Astrophysics
acknowledgement: ack-nhfb
rawauthor: Tom {Van Flandern}
rawtitle: Dark matter, missing planets, and new comets: paradoxes resolved, origins illuminated
TOC:
Preface / xv Introduction / xxvii Prologue / xxxv 1. On the Nature of Space, Time, and Matter / 1 Questions and Definitions / 2 The One-Particle Universe / 3 The Two-Particle Universe / 5 Zeno's Paradox / 7 Zeno-like Paradox for Matter / 12 Meaning of Space, Time, and Matter / 14 The Many-Particle Universe / 20 Implications / 23 2. On Gravity / 27 The Properties of Gravitation / 28 Action at a Distance / 30 The Agents of Gravity / 32 Objections to Agents of Gravity / 36 Matter Ingredients and the Light-Carrying Medium / 38 The Behavior of Media in General / 41 The ``Instantaneous'' Action of Gravity / 43 New Properties of Gravitation / 53 3. On Relativity / 59 The Nature of Waves / 60 The Three Tests of General Relativity / 62 Special Relativity and the Twin Paradox / 67 The Sound Analogy / 72 Meta Clocks and Meta Time / 75 4. Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe / 79 The Limited Range of Gravity / 80 The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe / 86 Comparison with the Big Bang Theory / 91 The Cosmic Microwave Radiation / 100 The Effect of Gravitational Lenses on a Background / 104 Quasars / 108 Conclusions / 115 5. On the Composition of Substance / 117 Generalizations about Quantum Mechanics / 118 Particle--Wave Duality / 120 The Meta Model in the Quantum World / 121 The Bell Inequality / 124 The Forces of Nature / 128 6. Orbits / 133 The Importance of Motion / 134 Spheres of Influence / 137 General Capture and Escape / 141 Changing the Sphere of Influence / 144 Gravitational Screen Capture / 145 Accretion Capture / 147 Tides / 148 7. Do Planets Explode? / 155 Three Million Years of Solar System History / 155 Consequences of a Planetary Explosion / 158 The Cause and Timing of the Explosion / 163 8. The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 Theoretical Considerations / 171 Discovery Credits / 174 First Asteroid Images: Satellite Analysis / 176 9. Where Do Comets Come From? / 179 A Scale Model of the Oort Cloud / 179 Theories of Cometary Origins / 182 The Planetary Breakup as the Origin of Comets / 185 Summary and Predictions / 190 10. Do Comets Have Satellites? / 193 Previous and Current Comet Models / 193 Similarities Between Minor Planets and Comets / 195 The Satellite Model for Comets / 196 The Sphere-of-Influence Concept / 197 Comet Coma Problems / 200 Comet Brightness Anomalies / 200 The Mysteries of Split Comets / 201 The Split Distance--Velocity Relationship / 205 Physical Properties of Comets / 205 The Meteor Hazard / 208 Conclusions / 211 11. A Synthesis of Recent Planetary Breakup Evidence / 215 12. Sunspots and Eclipses / 237 Sunspots / 237 Lunar Eclipses / 241 Solar Eclipses / 244 13. Mercury and Venus / 251 Similarities Between Mercury--Venus and Earth--Moon / 252 Formation and Evolution as a Moon / 254 Post-Escape Evolution / 257 14. The Origin of the Moon / 261 Four Theories of Lunar Origin / 261 Lunar Origin from Mars-Sized Impactor Planet / 264 The Theory of Lunar Origin by Fission / 265 15. Mars and Saturn / 271 The Origin of the Martian Moons / 271 The Origin of Mars / 277 The Origin of Saturn's Rings / 279 Iapetus and the Black Axiom / 281 The Black Axiom in the Outer Solar System / 286 16. Jupiter and Uranus / 291 The Capture of Jupiter's Asteroidal Moons / 291 The Nature of Jupiter's Great Red Spot / 293 Uranus / 298 17. Neptune and Pluto / 301 Could Triton Have Been Captured by Neptune? / 302 Competing Theories for the Origin of Pluto / 305 The Disrupted Satellites of Neptune / 307 Implications for Neptune, Pluto, and Planet X / 310 18. Planet X / 315 History of the Planet X Search / 316 The Discovery of Charon / 318 New Predictions of Planet X / 321 19. The Origins of the Solar System and of Man / 327 How Stars and Planets Get Started / 328 How a Solar System Gets Started / 329 A View of the Original Solar System / 332 The Idea of Extraterrestrial Intervention / 337 A Speculation about the Origins of Man / 340 Pyramids on Mars? / 342 20. The Scientific Method / 347 Introduction / 348 About Truth and Reality / 348 Forming Hypotheses / 350 Occam's Razor / 351 Extraordinary Hypotheses / 354 The Unscientific Method / 356 Forward Thinking / 362 21. Peer Pressure and Paradigms / 369 A Note about Scientific Peer Pressure / 369 Paradigm Change / 372 The Value of Extraordinary Hypotheses / 374 Catastrophe Theory / 376 Scientific Arrogance / 378 The Intrinsic Value of Deductive Theories / 380 22. Did the Universe Have a Beginning? / 387 Introduction / 387 What Does Expansion Mean? / 390 Does the Universe Really Expand? / 391 Conclusions / 397 What Else Can Cause Redshift? / 398 23. A Revision of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis / 403 The Problem / 404 A Revision of the Hypothesis / 406 Details of the Revised Hypothesis / 409 24. New Evidence for Artificiality at Cydonia on Mars / 417 Description of Cydonia / 390 Summary of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis (eph) / 420 Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis to Mars / 425 Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis and Pole Shift to Cydonia / 433 Acknowledgments / 441 25. A Revision of the Original Solar System / 443 Introduction / 444 The Fission Theory for the Origin of Planets and Moons / 445 Satellite Formation / 447 Application to Planet Formation / 448 Application to Satellite Formation / 454 Conclusion / 455 Epilogue / 457 Postscript / 459 Glossary / 469 Bibliography / 487 Name Index / 503 Subject Index / 507

rawTOC:
Preface / xv \\ Introduction / xxvii \\ Prologue / xxxv \\ 1. On the Nature of Space, Time, and Matter / 1 \\ Questions and Definitions / 2 \\ The One-Particle Universe / 3 \\ The Two-Particle Universe / 5 \\ Zeno's Paradox / 7 \\ Zeno-like Paradox for Matter / 12 \\ Meaning of Space, Time, and Matter / 14 \\ The Many-Particle Universe / 20 \\ Implications / 23 \\ 2. On Gravity / 27 \\ The Properties of Gravitation / 28 \\ Action at a Distance / 30 \\ The Agents of Gravity / 32 \\ Objections to Agents of Gravity / 36 \\ Matter Ingredients and the Light-Carrying Medium / 38 \\ The Behavior of Media in General / 41 \\ The ``Instantaneous'' Action of Gravity / 43 \\ New Properties of Gravitation / 53 \\ 3. On Relativity / 59 \\ The Nature of Waves / 60 \\ The Three Tests of General Relativity / 62 \\ Special Relativity and the Twin Paradox / 67 \\ The Sound Analogy / 72 \\ Meta Clocks and Meta Time / 75 \\ 4. Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe / 79 \\ The Limited Range of Gravity / 80 \\ The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe / 86 \\ Comparison with the Big Bang Theory / 91 \\ The Cosmic Microwave Radiation / 100 \\ The Effect of Gravitational Lenses on a Background / 104 \\ Quasars / 108 \\ Conclusions / 115 \\ 5. On the Composition of Substance / 117 \\ Generalizations about Quantum Mechanics / 118 \\ Particle--Wave Duality / 120 \\ The Meta Model in the Quantum World / 121 \\ The Bell Inequality / 124 \\ The Forces of Nature / 128 \\ 6. Orbits / 133 \\ The Importance of Motion / 134 \\ Spheres of Influence / 137 \\ General Capture and Escape / 141 \\ Changing the Sphere of Influence / 144 \\ Gravitational Screen Capture / 145 \\ Accretion Capture / 147 \\ Tides / 148 \\ 7. Do Planets Explode? / 155 \\ Three Million Years of Solar System History / 155 \\ Consequences of a Planetary Explosion / 158 \\ The Cause and Timing of the Explosion / 163 \\ 8. The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 \\ The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 \\ Theoretical Considerations / 171 \\ Discovery Credits / 174 \\ First Asteroid Images: Satellite Analysis / 176 \\ 9. Where Do Comets Come From? / 179 \\ A Scale Model of the Oort Cloud / 179 \\ Theories of Cometary Origins / 182 \\ The Planetary Breakup as the Origin of Comets / 185 \\ Summary and Predictions / 190 \\ 10. Do Comets Have Satellites? / 193 \\ Previous and Current Comet Models / 193 \\ Similarities Between Minor Planets and Comets / 195 \\ The Satellite Model for Comets / 196 \\ The Sphere-of-Influence Concept / 197 \\ Comet Coma Problems / 200 \\ Comet Brightness Anomalies / 200 \\ The Mysteries of Split Comets / 201 \\ The Split Distance--Velocity Relationship / 205 \\ Physical Properties of Comets / 205 \\ The Meteor Hazard / 208 \\ Conclusions / 211 \\ 11. A Synthesis of Recent Planetary Breakup Evidence / 215 \\ 12. Sunspots and Eclipses / 237 \\ Sunspots / 237 \\ Lunar Eclipses / 241 \\ Solar Eclipses / 244 \\ 13. Mercury and Venus / 251 \\ Similarities Between Mercury--Venus and Earth--Moon / 252 \\ Formation and Evolution as a Moon / 254 \\ Post-Escape Evolution / 257 \\ 14. The Origin of the Moon / 261 \\ Four Theories of Lunar Origin / 261 \\ Lunar Origin from Mars-Sized Impactor Planet / 264 \\ The Theory of Lunar Origin by Fission / 265 \\ 15. Mars and Saturn / 271 \\ The Origin of the Martian Moons / 271 \\ The Origin of Mars / 277 \\ The Origin of Saturn's Rings / 279 \\ Iapetus and the Black Axiom / 281 \\ The Black Axiom in the Outer Solar System / 286 \\ 16. Jupiter and Uranus / 291 \\ The Capture of Jupiter's Asteroidal Moons / 291 \\ The Nature of Jupiter's Great Red Spot / 293 \\ Uranus / 298 \\ 17. Neptune and Pluto / 301 \\ Could Triton Have Been Captured by Neptune? / 302 \\ Competing Theories for the Origin of Pluto / 305 \\ The Disrupted Satellites of Neptune / 307 \\ Implications for Neptune, Pluto, and Planet X / 310 \\ 18. Planet X / 315 \\ History of the Planet X Search / 316 \\ The Discovery of Charon / 318 \\ New Predictions of Planet X / 321 \\ 19. The Origins of the Solar System and of Man / 327 \\ How Stars and Planets Get Started / 328 \\ How a Solar System Gets Started / 329 \\ A View of the Original Solar System / 332 \\ The Idea of Extraterrestrial Intervention / 337 \\ A Speculation about the Origins of Man / 340 \\ Pyramids on Mars? / 342 \\ 20. The Scientific Method / 347 \\ Introduction / 348 \\ About Truth and Reality / 348 \\ Forming Hypotheses / 350 \\ Occam's Razor / 351 \\ Extraordinary Hypotheses / 354 \\ The Unscientific Method / 356 \\ Forward Thinking / 362 \\ 21. Peer Pressure and Paradigms / 369 \\ A Note about Scientific Peer Pressure / 369 \\ Paradigm Change / 372 \\ The Value of Extraordinary Hypotheses / 374 \\ Catastrophe Theory / 376 \\ Scientific Arrogance / 378 \\ The Intrinsic Value of Deductive Theories / 380 \\ 22. Did the Universe Have a Beginning? / 387 \\ Introduction / 387 \\ What Does Expansion Mean? / 390 \\ Does the Universe Really Expand? / 391 \\ Conclusions / 397 \\ What Else Can Cause Redshift? / 398 \\ 23. A Revision of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis / 403 \\ The Problem / 404 \\ A Revision of the Hypothesis / 406 \\ Details of the Revised Hypothesis / 409 \\ 24. New Evidence for Artificiality at Cydonia on Mars / 417 \\ Description of Cydonia / 390 \\ Summary of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis (eph) / 420 \\ Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis to Mars / 425 \\ Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis and Pole Shift to Cydonia / 433 \\ Acknowledgments / 441 \\ 25. A Revision of the Original Solar System / 443 \\ Introduction / 444 \\ The Fission Theory for the Origin of Planets and Moons / 445 \\ Satellite Formation / 447 \\ Application to Planet Formation / 448 \\ Application to Satellite Formation / 454 \\ Conclusion / 455 \\ Epilogue / 457 \\ Postscript / 459 \\ Glossary / 469 \\ Bibliography / 487 \\ Name Index / 503 \\ Subject Index / 507

entry:
@Book{VanFlandern:1998:DMM,
  author =       "Tom {Van Flandern}",
  title =        "Dark matter, missing planets, and new comets:
                 paradoxes resolved, origins illuminated",
  publisher =    "North Atlantic Books",
  address =      "Berkeley, CA, USA",
  edition =      "Revised",
  pages =        "xxxvii + 514",
  year =         "1998",
  ISBN =         "1-55643-268-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-55643-268-2",
  LCCN =         "QB43.2",
  bibdate =      "Sat Dec 17 15:21:01 MST 2005",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
                 z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "The views in this book are probably not shared by
                 mainstream astrophysicists.",
  subject =      "Astronomy; Astrophysics",
  tableofcontents = "Preface / xv \\
                 Introduction / xxvii \\
                 Prologue / xxxv \\
                 1. On the Nature of Space, Time, and Matter / 1 \\
                 Questions and Definitions / 2 \\
                 The One-Particle Universe / 3 \\
                 The Two-Particle Universe / 5 \\
                 Zeno's Paradox / 7 \\
                 Zeno-like Paradox for Matter / 12 \\
                 Meaning of Space, Time, and Matter / 14 \\
                 The Many-Particle Universe / 20 \\
                 Implications / 23 \\
                 2. On Gravity / 27 \\
                 The Properties of Gravitation / 28 \\
                 Action at a Distance / 30 \\
                 The Agents of Gravity / 32 \\
                 Objections to Agents of Gravity / 36 \\
                 Matter Ingredients and the Light-Carrying Medium / 38
                 \\
                 The Behavior of Media in General / 41 \\
                 The ``Instantaneous'' Action of Gravity / 43 \\
                 New Properties of Gravitation / 53 \\
                 3. On Relativity / 59 \\
                 The Nature of Waves / 60 \\
                 The Three Tests of General Relativity / 62 \\
                 Special Relativity and the Twin Paradox / 67 \\
                 The Sound Analogy / 72 \\
                 Meta Clocks and Meta Time / 75 \\
                 4. Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe / 79 \\
                 The Limited Range of Gravity / 80 \\
                 The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe / 86 \\
                 Comparison with the Big Bang Theory / 91 \\
                 The Cosmic Microwave Radiation / 100 \\
                 The Effect of Gravitational Lenses on a Background /
                 104 \\
                 Quasars / 108 \\
                 Conclusions / 115 \\
                 5. On the Composition of Substance / 117 \\
                 Generalizations about Quantum Mechanics / 118 \\
                 Particle--Wave Duality / 120 \\
                 The Meta Model in the Quantum World / 121 \\
                 The Bell Inequality / 124 \\
                 The Forces of Nature / 128 \\
                 6. Orbits / 133 \\
                 The Importance of Motion / 134 \\
                 Spheres of Influence / 137 \\
                 General Capture and Escape / 141 \\
                 Changing the Sphere of Influence / 144 \\
                 Gravitational Screen Capture / 145 \\
                 Accretion Capture / 147 \\
                 Tides / 148 \\
                 7. Do Planets Explode? / 155 \\
                 Three Million Years of Solar System History / 155 \\
                 Consequences of a Planetary Explosion / 158 \\
                 The Cause and Timing of the Explosion / 163 \\
                 8. The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 \\
                 The Discovery of Minor Satellites / 167 \\
                 Theoretical Considerations / 171 \\
                 Discovery Credits / 174 \\
                 First Asteroid Images: Satellite Analysis / 176 \\
                 9. Where Do Comets Come From? / 179 \\
                 A Scale Model of the Oort Cloud / 179 \\
                 Theories of Cometary Origins / 182 \\
                 The Planetary Breakup as the Origin of Comets / 185 \\
                 Summary and Predictions / 190 \\
                 10. Do Comets Have Satellites? / 193 \\
                 Previous and Current Comet Models / 193 \\
                 Similarities Between Minor Planets and Comets / 195 \\
                 The Satellite Model for Comets / 196 \\
                 The Sphere-of-Influence Concept / 197 \\
                 Comet Coma Problems / 200 \\
                 Comet Brightness Anomalies / 200 \\
                 The Mysteries of Split Comets / 201 \\
                 The Split Distance--Velocity Relationship / 205 \\
                 Physical Properties of Comets / 205 \\
                 The Meteor Hazard / 208 \\
                 Conclusions / 211 \\
                 11. A Synthesis of Recent Planetary Breakup Evidence /
                 215 \\
                 12. Sunspots and Eclipses / 237 \\
                 Sunspots / 237 \\
                 Lunar Eclipses / 241 \\
                 Solar Eclipses / 244 \\
                 13. Mercury and Venus / 251 \\
                 Similarities Between Mercury--Venus and Earth--Moon /
                 252 \\
                 Formation and Evolution as a Moon / 254 \\
                 Post-Escape Evolution / 257 \\
                 14. The Origin of the Moon / 261 \\
                 Four Theories of Lunar Origin / 261 \\
                 Lunar Origin from Mars-Sized Impactor Planet / 264 \\
                 The Theory of Lunar Origin by Fission / 265 \\
                 15. Mars and Saturn / 271 \\
                 The Origin of the Martian Moons / 271 \\
                 The Origin of Mars / 277 \\
                 The Origin of Saturn's Rings / 279 \\
                 Iapetus and the Black Axiom / 281 \\
                 The Black Axiom in the Outer Solar System / 286 \\
                 16. Jupiter and Uranus / 291 \\
                 The Capture of Jupiter's Asteroidal Moons / 291 \\
                 The Nature of Jupiter's Great Red Spot / 293 \\
                 Uranus / 298 \\
                 17. Neptune and Pluto / 301 \\
                 Could Triton Have Been Captured by Neptune? / 302 \\
                 Competing Theories for the Origin of Pluto / 305 \\
                 The Disrupted Satellites of Neptune / 307 \\
                 Implications for Neptune, Pluto, and Planet X / 310 \\
                 18. Planet X / 315 \\
                 History of the Planet X Search / 316 \\
                 The Discovery of Charon / 318 \\
                 New Predictions of Planet X / 321 \\
                 19. The Origins of the Solar System and of Man / 327
                 \\
                 How Stars and Planets Get Started / 328 \\
                 How a Solar System Gets Started / 329 \\
                 A View of the Original Solar System / 332 \\
                 The Idea of Extraterrestrial Intervention / 337 \\
                 A Speculation about the Origins of Man / 340 \\
                 Pyramids on Mars? / 342 \\
                 20. The Scientific Method / 347 \\
                 Introduction / 348 \\
                 About Truth and Reality / 348 \\
                 Forming Hypotheses / 350 \\
                 Occam's Razor / 351 \\
                 Extraordinary Hypotheses / 354 \\
                 The Unscientific Method / 356 \\
                 Forward Thinking / 362 \\
                 21. Peer Pressure and Paradigms / 369 \\
                 A Note about Scientific Peer Pressure / 369 \\
                 Paradigm Change / 372 \\
                 The Value of Extraordinary Hypotheses / 374 \\
                 Catastrophe Theory / 376 \\
                 Scientific Arrogance / 378 \\
                 The Intrinsic Value of Deductive Theories / 380 \\
                 22. Did the Universe Have a Beginning? / 387 \\
                 Introduction / 387 \\
                 What Does Expansion Mean? / 390 \\
                 Does the Universe Really Expand? / 391 \\
                 Conclusions / 397 \\
                 What Else Can Cause Redshift? / 398 \\
                 23. A Revision of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis / 403
                 \\
                 The Problem / 404 \\
                 A Revision of the Hypothesis / 406 \\
                 Details of the Revised Hypothesis / 409 \\
                 24. New Evidence for Artificiality at Cydonia on Mars /
                 417 \\
                 Description of Cydonia / 390 \\
                 Summary of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis (eph) / 420
                 \\
                 Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis to Mars /
                 425 \\
                 Connection of the Exploded Planet Hypothesis and Pole
                 Shift to Cydonia / 433 \\
                 Acknowledgments / 441 \\
                 25. A Revision of the Original Solar System / 443 \\
                 Introduction / 444 \\
                 The Fission Theory for the Origin of Planets and Moons
                 / 445 \\
                 Satellite Formation / 447 \\
                 Application to Planet Formation / 448 \\
                 Application to Satellite Formation / 454 \\
                 Conclusion / 455 \\
                 Epilogue / 457 \\
                 Postscript / 459 \\
                 Glossary / 469 \\
                 Bibliography / 487 \\
                 Name Index / 503 \\
                 Subject Index / 507",
}


