Entry Brennan:2012:ASC from tissec.bib
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BibTeX entry
@Article{Brennan:2012:ASC,
author = "Michael Brennan and Sadia Afroz and Rachel
Greenstadt",
title = "Adversarial stylometry: Circumventing authorship
recognition to preserve privacy and anonymity",
journal = j-TISSEC,
volume = "15",
number = "3",
pages = "12:1--12:??",
month = nov,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "ATISBQ",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1145/2382448.2382450",
ISSN = "1094-9224 (print), 1557-7406 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1094-9224",
bibdate = "Wed Nov 28 17:25:14 MST 2012",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/tissec.bib",
abstract = "The use of stylometry, authorship recognition through
purely linguistic means, has contributed to literary,
historical, and criminal investigation breakthroughs.
Existing stylometry research assumes that authors have
not attempted to disguise their linguistic writing
style. We challenge this basic assumption of existing
stylometry methodologies and present a new area of
research: adversarial stylometry. Adversaries have a
devastating effect on the robustness of existing
classification methods. Our work presents a framework
for creating adversarial passages including
obfuscation, where a subject attempts to hide her
identity, and imitation, where a subject attempts to
frame another subject by imitating his writing style,
and translation where original passages are obfuscated
with machine translation services. This research
demonstrates that manual circumvention methods work
very well while automated translation methods are not
effective. The obfuscation method reduces the
techniques' effectiveness to the level of random
guessing and the imitation attempts succeed up to 67\%
of the time depending on the stylometry technique used.
These results are more significant given the fact that
experimental subjects were unfamiliar with stylometry,
were not professional writers, and spent little time on
the attacks. This article also contributes to the field
by using human subjects to empirically validate the
claim of high accuracy for four current techniques
(without adversaries). We have also compiled and
released two corpora of adversarial stylometry texts to
promote research in this field with a total of 57
unique authors. We argue that this field is important
to a multidisciplinary approach to privacy, security,
and anonymity.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
articleno = "12",
fjournal = "ACM Transactions on Information and System Security",
journal-URL = "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J789",
}
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- not,
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16(4)15,
16(4)16,
17(1)2,
17(3)10,
17(4)15,
18(1)1,
18(3)9,
18(4)13
- obfuscated,
12(2)11,
18(1)1
- obfuscation,
12(3)16
- original,
9(4)461,
10(4)2,
11(4)17,
12(3)16,
13(3)25,
14(1)12,
14(3)25,
17(1)4
- present,
1(1)26,
2(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(2)177,
2(3)230,
2(3)269,
2(3)295,
2(4)354,
7(2)319,
9(2)181,
9(4)461,
10(1)2,
10(2)7,
10(3)10,
10(3)11,
10(3)12,
10(4)2,
10(4)3,
11(1)2,
11(1)4,
11(2)2,
11(2)5,
11(3)14,
11(4)22,
12(1)2,
12(1)4,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
12(3)14,
12(3)15,
12(3)16,
12(3)17,
12(4)22,
13(1)10,
13(3)20,
13(3)22,
13(3)25,
13(3)28,
13(4)29,
13(4)41,
14(1)4,
14(1)5,
14(1)6,
15(1)2,
15(2)6,
15(2)8,
15(2)10,
15(3)13,
15(4)16,
15(4)18,
16(2)6,
16(2)7,
16(4)13,
16(4)14,
17(1)4,
17(2)6,
17(2)7,
17(2)8,
17(3)9,
17(3)12,
17(4)14,
17(4)15,
17(4)16,
18(1)3,
18(1)4,
18(2)7,
18(3)9,
18(3)10,
18(3)11,
18(4)12,
18(4)14
- preserve,
2(4)390,
11(2)6,
14(3)26,
15(2)7
- privacy,
1(1)66,
2(4)390,
7(2)319,
10(3)12,
11(2)3,
11(2)6,
11(3)16,
12(1)6,
12(2)8,
12(2)9,
12(3)16,
12(4)21,
13(1)7,
13(2)16,
13(3)22,
13(3)24,
13(4)39,
14(1)4,
14(3)26,
14(4)29,
14(4)30,
14(4)31,
15(2)7,
16(3)11,
16(3)12,
17(1)3,
17(3)10,
18(1)2,
18(4)12
- purely,
12(3)17,
12(3)19
- random,
10(4)3,
11(2)3,
11(2)4,
11(3)13,
11(3)15,
12(1)2,
12(3)18,
13(1)10,
14(1)12,
15(2)9
- recognition,
13(4)35
- reduce,
2(3)295,
7(2)319,
9(4)391,
11(3)14,
11(4)17,
12(2)13,
12(3)17,
13(3)27,
13(4)40,
14(1)12,
16(1)4,
16(3)10,
16(4)17,
18(4)12,
18(4)13
- research,
2(1)65,
13(3)27,
15(2)10,
16(2)8,
16(3)10,
17(3)12,
18(1)1,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- result,
1(1)3,
1(1)26,
2(3)230,
2(4)390,
9(2)162,
10(1)3,
10(1)4,
10(2)5,
10(2)6,
10(3)9,
10(3)11,
10(4)2,
10(4)5,
11(2)3,
11(2)5,
11(3)13,
11(3)15,
11(4)18,
11(4)20,
11(4)21,
11(4)22,
12(1)4,
12(2)9,
12(3)14,
12(3)17,
13(1)10,
13(3)22,
13(3)24,
13(3)25,
13(4)33,
13(4)35,
14(1)2,
14(1)14,
14(2)19,
15(1)5,
15(2)7,
15(2)8,
15(3)13,
15(3)14,
15(4)15,
16(1)2,
16(1)3,
16(2)5,
16(2)6,
16(2)7,
16(3)10,
16(3)11,
16(4)14,
16(4)17,
17(2)7,
17(3)9,
17(3)10,
17(3)12,
17(4)14,
18(1)4,
18(2)5,
18(2)6,
18(3)9,
18(3)11,
18(4)12,
18(4)13
- robustness,
15(1)5,
18(2)7
- service,
2(4)354,
4(4)453,
6(4)472,
10(1)2,
10(2)8,
10(3)11,
10(4)4,
10(4)6,
11(1)2,
11(1)4,
11(3)15,
11(4)19,
12(2)12,
12(3)16,
13(4)38,
13(4)39,
13(4)41,
14(1)5,
14(3)23,
15(2)6,
15(3)13,
16(2)5,
16(2)6,
16(3)11,
16(3)12,
16(4)14,
17(4)13,
17(4)15,
18(1)1,
18(1)2,
18(4)12,
18(4)13
- significant,
10(3)11,
11(2)1,
12(2)12,
13(4)36,
14(1)7,
15(1)4,
17(4)16
- style,
18(1)4
- stylometry,
17(3)12
- subject,
1(1)26,
9(2)162,
9(4)421,
11(1)3,
11(1)4,
11(3)12,
13(3)26,
14(1)7,
17(1)2,
17(4)14,
18(2)5
- succeed,
2(4)416,
18(1)2
- technique,
1(1)3,
2(2)138,
2(3)230,
2(3)295,
2(4)416,
7(2)274,
9(4)391,
9(4)461,
10(2)6,
10(3)9,
10(4)6,
11(2)2,
11(3)12,
11(3)16,
11(4)17,
11(4)18,
11(4)22,
12(1)4,
12(2)11,
12(2)13,
12(3)16,
12(3)18,
13(3)22,
13(3)25,
13(3)28,
13(4)32,
13(4)33,
13(4)35,
13(4)36,
13(4)39,
14(1)3,
14(1)5,
14(1)6,
14(1)13,
14(3)24,
14(4)32,
15(1)2,
15(1)5,
15(2)7,
15(2)8,
15(4)17,
15(4)18,
16(1)2,
16(2)6,
16(2)7,
16(3)11,
16(4)13,
16(4)14,
17(3)9,
17(3)12,
17(4)16,
18(1)2,
18(2)6,
18(3)11
- text,
8(3)312,
17(3)12
- through,
5(4)367,
6(1)1,
9(2)162,
10(3)12,
10(4)2,
10(4)6,
11(2)2,
11(3)12,
11(4)22,
11(4)23,
12(2)8,
12(2)13,
13(2)12,
13(3)25,
14(1)13,
15(4)16,
16(2)5,
16(2)7,
16(3)9,
17(4)14,
18(1)2,
18(2)7,
18(3)11
- time,
2(1)105,
2(3)332,
2(4)390,
2(4)416,
9(4)461,
10(1)3,
10(2)8,
11(2)3,
11(2)4,
11(2)5,
11(3)13,
11(4)17,
11(4)20,
11(4)21,
11(4)23,
12(2)8,
12(3)17,
12(3)18,
12(3)19,
12(4)20,
12(4)21,
12(4)22,
13(4)37,
13(4)39,
14(1)2,
14(1)11,
14(1)14,
14(3)26,
14(4)31,
15(2)7,
15(4)17,
16(1)4,
16(4)13,
16(4)14,
16(4)17,
17(3)9,
17(3)10,
17(3)11,
17(4)13,
18(1)2,
18(1)4,
18(3)10
- total,
12(1)6,
12(3)18,
15(1)4,
17(4)13
- translation,
14(3)25
- two,
1(1)26,
2(4)416,
9(4)391,
10(1)4,
10(2)6,
10(2)8,
10(3)10,
10(4)4,
11(2)1,
11(2)4,
11(2)6,
11(3)13,
11(4)22,
12(1)2,
12(1)3,
12(1)4,
12(1)6,
12(3)14,
12(4)20,
13(3)22,
13(3)27,
13(4)40,
14(1)4,
14(1)5,
14(4)30,
15(1)2,
15(1)5,
15(2)6,
15(3)11,
16(1)1,
16(1)2,
16(1)4,
16(3)9,
16(3)10,
16(4)15,
17(4)13,
18(2)5,
18(4)12,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- unique,
10(4)3,
11(3)12,
12(3)16,
16(4)14,
17(4)16,
18(2)7,
18(3)11
- use,
2(1)3,
2(1)105,
2(2)138,
2(2)177,
2(3)230,
2(3)269,
2(3)332,
2(4)354,
2(4)390,
4(2)103,
7(1)21,
9(4)391,
9(4)421,
9(4)461,
10(1)4,
10(2)5,
10(3)11,
10(4)1,
10(4)3,
10(4)5,
10(4)6,
11(1)2,
11(1)3,
11(1)4,
11(2)1,
11(2)4,
11(3)13,
11(3)14,
11(4)18,
11(4)19,
11(4)21,
11(4)22,
12(2)10,
12(3)16,
12(3)18,
13(3)22,
13(3)24,
13(3)25,
13(4)29,
13(4)31,
13(4)36,
14(1)6,
14(1)8,
14(1)10,
14(1)11,
14(4)31,
14(4)32,
15(1)3,
15(1)4,
15(1)5,
15(2)7,
15(4)15,
15(4)16,
15(4)17,
16(2)8,
16(4)15,
16(4)17,
17(2)5,
17(2)6,
17(2)7,
17(2)8,
17(4)15,
17(4)16,
18(1)1,
18(2)6,
18(3)9,
18(4)14
- used,
1(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(4)416,
7(2)319,
9(2)181,
10(1)2,
10(2)5,
10(2)7,
10(2)8,
10(4)2,
11(1)2,
11(1)3,
11(2)3,
11(3)14,
11(3)15,
11(3)16,
11(4)21,
11(4)22,
12(2)8,
12(3)15,
13(1)10,
13(3)22,
13(3)25,
13(4)29,
13(4)34,
14(1)3,
14(1)12,
14(1)13,
14(3)27,
15(1)3,
15(1)5,
15(4)17,
15(4)18,
16(2)7,
16(2)8,
16(3)10,
17(1)1,
17(2)7,
17(3)9,
17(4)13,
18(1)3,
18(2)5,
18(2)6,
18(3)9,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- using,
2(2)138,
2(2)177,
2(3)332,
4(3)289,
6(2)258,
6(3)327,
9(2)113,
9(2)162,
9(2)181,
9(3)292,
9(3)325,
9(4)461,
10(1)4,
10(2)8,
10(3)11,
10(4)3,
10(4)6,
11(1)2,
11(2)1,
11(2)2,
11(2)3,
11(3)14,
11(4)19,
11(4)21,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
13(1)2,
13(1)8,
13(3)20,
13(3)26,
13(4)31,
13(4)35,
13(4)39,
14(1)3,
14(1)12,
14(1)14,
14(3)27,
15(1)2,
15(3)11,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(1)1,
16(1)2,
16(1)4,
16(2)5,
16(2)6,
16(3)10,
16(4)17,
17(1)1,
17(2)5,
17(3)10,
17(3)11,
17(4)13,
17(4)14,
17(4)16,
18(2)7,
18(2)8,
18(3)10,
18(3)11,
18(4)14
- validate,
2(3)230,
12(2)13,
14(4)32,
15(2)6,
18(2)7
- very,
1(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(3)269,
10(4)1,
11(2)5,
11(3)14,
11(4)18,
13(3)22,
13(3)27,
14(1)2,
15(1)2,
16(1)1,
16(3)11,
16(4)13,
17(3)10,
17(4)15,
17(4)16,
18(2)7,
18(3)11,
18(4)12,
18(4)14
- well,
1(1)93,
10(1)2,
10(2)8,
10(3)11,
10(3)12,
11(1)3,
11(1)4,
11(2)5,
11(3)15,
12(1)1,
12(1)3,
12(1)5,
12(2)10,
13(1)10,
13(3)26,
14(1)3,
14(1)5,
14(1)14,
14(3)23,
15(4)15,
15(4)16,
15(4)18,
16(2)8,
17(3)9,
17(3)10,
17(3)11,
18(1)3,
18(2)5
- were,
2(1)34,
2(1)105,
10(1)4,
12(3)14,
13(3)25,
13(4)38,
16(2)8,
16(3)9,
16(3)10,
18(3)9
- where,
2(3)230,
9(4)461,
10(4)4,
10(4)5,
10(4)6,
11(3)12,
11(3)13,
11(4)19,
12(1)3,
12(3)15,
12(3)16,
12(4)20,
13(3)20,
13(3)22,
13(4)33,
13(4)37,
14(1)7,
15(2)6,
15(3)13,
16(1)4,
16(2)5,
17(3)10,
17(4)16,
18(1)2,
18(2)8
- while,
2(3)230,
2(4)354,
9(4)391,
9(4)421,
9(4)461,
10(2)5,
10(4)2,
11(1)4,
11(2)2,
11(2)6,
11(4)18,
11(4)19,
11(4)22,
12(2)9,
12(3)16,
13(1)5,
13(3)22,
13(3)25,
13(4)39,
13(4)41,
14(3)25,
14(3)26,
14(4)31,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(3)9,
16(3)12,
16(4)16,
17(1)4,
17(3)9,
17(4)15,
18(1)1,
18(2)7
- work,
2(2)138,
2(3)269,
2(4)416,
10(3)10,
10(4)6,
11(2)2,
11(2)3,
11(3)15,
11(4)17,
11(4)19,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
12(2)12,
12(3)16,
12(3)17,
12(3)18,
13(3)25,
13(4)38,
14(1)2,
14(1)14,
15(2)7,
15(2)10,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(1)3,
16(1)4,
16(2)8,
16(3)10,
16(3)11,
16(4)13,
16(4)15,
17(3)12,
18(2)6,
18(4)13
- writing,
18(2)6