Entry Driessen:2013:ESA from tissec.bib
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BibTeX entry
@Article{Driessen:2013:ESA,
author = "Benedikt Driessen and Ralf Hund and Carsten Willems
and Christof Paar and Thorsten Holz",
title = "An experimental security analysis of two satphone
standards",
journal = j-TISSEC,
volume = "16",
number = "3",
pages = "10:1--10:??",
month = nov,
year = "2013",
CODEN = "ATISBQ",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1145/2535522",
ISSN = "1094-9224 (print), 1557-7406 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1094-9224",
bibdate = "Mon Dec 9 11:22:22 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/cryptography2010.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/tissec.bib",
abstract = "General-purpose communication systems such as GSM and
UMTS have been in the focus of security researchers for
over a decade now. Recently also technologies that are
only used under more specific circumstances have come
into the spotlight of academic research and the hacker
scene alike. A striking example of this is recent work
[Driessen et al. 2012] that analyzed the security of
the over-the-air encryption in the two existing ETSI
satphone standards GMR-1 and GMR-2. The firmware of
handheld devices was reverse-engineered and the
previously unknown stream ciphers A5-GMR-1 and A5-GMR-2
were recovered. In a second step, both ciphers were
cryptanalized, resulting in a ciphertext-only attack on
A5-GMR-1 and a known-plaintext attack on A5-GMR-2. In
this work, we extend the aforementioned results in the
following ways: First, we improve the proposed attack
on A5-GMR-1 and reduce its average-case complexity from
$2^{32}$ to $2^{21}$ steps. Second, we implement a
practical attack to successfully record communications
in the Thuraya network and show that it can be done
with moderate effort for approximately \$5,000. We
describe the implementation of our modified attack and
the crucial aspects to make it practical. Using our
eavesdropping setup, we recorded 30 seconds of our own
satellite-to-satphone communication and show that we
are able to recover Thuraya session keys in half an
hour (on average). We supplement these results with
experiments designed to highlight the feasibility of
also eavesdropping on the satphone's emanations. The
purpose of this article is threefold: Develop and
demonstrate more practical attacks on A5-GMR-1,
summarize current research results in the field of
GMR-1 and GMR-2 security, and shed light on the amount
of work and expertise it takes from setting out to
analyze a complex system to actually break it in the
real world.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
articleno = "10",
fjournal = "ACM Transactions on Information and System Security",
journal-URL = "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J789",
}
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16(4)14,
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1(1)66,
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11(2)3,
11(4)17,
12(1)3,
12(3)19,
15(1)4,
16(1)4,
18(1)1,
18(2)5,
18(3)10
- light,
12(4)21,
14(4)32,
18(1)1,
18(1)2
- make,
2(3)332,
9(1)31,
10(1)2,
10(3)11,
10(4)6,
11(1)4,
11(3)13,
11(3)14,
11(4)22,
11(4)23,
12(1)1,
12(3)15,
13(3)22,
13(3)26,
13(3)28,
13(4)35,
14(4)29,
15(1)3,
15(1)4,
15(4)17,
17(3)10,
18(1)1,
18(2)7,
18(4)13
- moderate,
17(3)9
- modified,
9(4)421,
16(2)5
- more,
2(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(3)332,
9(2)181,
9(4)391,
9(4)421,
9(4)461,
10(1)4,
10(3)9,
10(4)1,
10(4)4,
10(4)6,
11(2)3,
11(2)4,
11(2)6,
11(3)14,
11(4)21,
12(1)1,
12(2)8,
12(2)10,
12(2)12,
12(2)13,
12(3)18,
13(1)10,
13(3)20,
13(3)21,
13(3)22,
13(3)28,
13(4)32,
13(4)34,
13(4)39,
14(3)27,
14(4)31,
15(1)2,
15(1)5,
15(2)8,
15(2)9,
15(3)11,
15(3)12,
15(4)16,
16(1)2,
16(2)8,
16(3)11,
16(4)17,
17(1)2,
17(1)3,
17(3)9,
17(4)14,
17(4)16,
18(1)1,
18(3)11,
18(4)13
- now,
13(3)28,
16(2)8,
18(1)1,
18(4)12
- only,
2(3)230,
2(3)295,
10(4)3,
11(1)3,
11(2)4,
11(3)13,
11(4)20,
12(1)2,
12(1)3,
12(2)13,
12(3)19,
12(4)21,
13(1)10,
13(3)25,
13(3)28,
13(4)35,
13(4)37,
13(4)39,
14(1)5,
14(1)11,
14(3)26,
14(4)31,
15(2)9,
15(4)16,
15(4)18,
16(1)3,
16(2)6,
16(2)7,
16(3)9,
16(4)13,
17(3)9,
17(4)15,
18(2)5,
18(2)8
- own,
11(2)3,
12(2)10,
14(2)19,
14(3)25,
18(2)7
- Paar, Christof,
17(3)10
- practical,
2(4)390,
4(2)158,
7(2)319,
9(3)325,
10(2)6,
10(4)1,
11(2)1,
11(2)5,
11(4)18,
12(3)19,
14(1)7,
14(1)14,
14(2)20,
14(4)29,
15(1)4,
15(2)6,
15(2)7,
15(4)16,
16(3)12,
16(4)13,
17(4)16,
18(1)3,
18(4)13
- previously,
13(3)27,
14(3)27,
15(1)5,
17(2)7,
17(4)14
- proposed,
1(1)93,
2(2)138,
2(3)269,
2(4)416,
4(3)224,
9(2)162,
9(4)421,
10(1)2,
10(3)12,
10(4)4,
11(1)2,
11(1)3,
11(2)5,
11(3)14,
11(4)22,
11(4)23,
12(1)2,
12(1)3,
12(3)18,
12(4)21,
13(3)20,
13(3)27,
13(3)28,
13(4)36,
13(4)38,
13(4)39,
14(3)24,
14(3)27,
15(1)5,
15(3)11,
15(3)13,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(3)11,
16(4)14,
16(4)16,
17(1)3,
17(4)14,
18(3)11
- purpose,
10(3)9,
10(4)4,
11(4)20,
12(2)11,
13(3)22,
13(3)24,
14(1)14,
16(4)17,
17(1)3,
17(3)12,
18(1)1
- real,
10(1)2,
10(4)1,
10(4)4,
11(2)3,
11(3)16,
11(4)17,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
12(2)13,
13(4)30,
14(4)30,
16(4)14,
16(4)17,
17(4)16,
18(1)3,
18(3)9,
18(4)12
- recent,
2(1)65,
2(2)138,
10(2)8,
10(3)9,
11(1)2,
11(4)22,
12(1)2,
12(2)12,
14(1)7,
14(1)14,
14(4)29,
15(1)3,
16(2)7,
18(1)1,
18(2)5,
18(2)7,
18(4)13
- recently,
2(4)416,
9(2)181,
13(3)26,
13(3)28,
13(4)37,
14(3)27,
15(1)2,
15(2)7,
16(4)14,
16(4)17,
17(4)14,
17(4)16,
18(1)1
- record,
7(4)576,
17(2)6
- recover,
12(1)6
- reduce,
2(3)295,
7(2)319,
9(4)391,
11(3)14,
11(4)17,
12(2)13,
12(3)17,
13(3)27,
13(4)40,
14(1)12,
15(3)12,
16(1)4,
16(4)17,
18(4)12,
18(4)13
- research,
2(1)65,
13(3)27,
15(2)10,
15(3)12,
16(2)8,
17(3)12,
18(1)1,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- researcher,
2(3)332,
11(1)2,
12(1)2,
12(3)17,
13(4)36,
16(4)16,
17(1)1
- result,
1(1)3,
1(1)26,
2(3)230,
2(4)390,
9(2)162,
10(1)3,
10(1)4,
10(2)5,
10(2)6,
10(3)9,
10(3)11,
10(4)2,
10(4)5,
11(2)3,
11(2)5,
11(3)13,
11(3)15,
11(4)18,
11(4)20,
11(4)21,
11(4)22,
12(1)4,
12(2)9,
12(3)14,
12(3)17,
13(1)10,
13(3)22,
13(3)24,
13(3)25,
13(4)33,
13(4)35,
14(1)2,
14(1)14,
14(2)19,
15(1)5,
15(2)7,
15(2)8,
15(3)12,
15(3)13,
15(3)14,
15(4)15,
16(1)2,
16(1)3,
16(2)5,
16(2)6,
16(2)7,
16(3)11,
16(4)14,
16(4)17,
17(2)7,
17(3)9,
17(3)10,
17(3)12,
17(4)14,
18(1)4,
18(2)5,
18(2)6,
18(3)9,
18(3)11,
18(4)12,
18(4)13
- resulting,
2(1)34,
10(1)2,
10(4)2,
11(4)20,
15(1)4,
15(1)5,
15(2)10,
15(3)13,
15(4)15,
16(4)17,
17(2)7
- second,
9(2)181,
9(4)461,
11(2)3,
11(2)6,
11(4)22,
12(1)3,
12(1)5,
12(2)11,
13(4)31,
13(4)37,
16(3)9,
16(3)12,
17(3)10,
18(3)9
- session,
2(3)332,
7(3)333,
10(2)8,
10(4)2,
16(4)15
- setting,
2(4)390,
10(3)10,
12(1)6,
13(4)29,
16(1)3,
18(1)2,
18(2)8
- setup,
12(4)21,
15(2)7,
15(4)16
- shed,
18(1)1
- specific,
1(1)26,
10(2)6,
10(4)3,
10(4)4,
11(4)19,
12(1)6,
13(3)26,
14(1)5,
14(1)9,
15(2)6,
18(1)2
- standard,
2(3)230,
2(4)416,
4(3)224,
7(2)319,
10(2)8,
10(3)11,
10(3)12,
11(1)4,
11(2)4,
12(1)1,
12(3)18,
13(3)28,
13(4)35,
13(4)37,
13(4)41,
15(1)2,
16(1)2,
16(1)3,
16(4)15,
17(3)11,
17(4)16,
18(4)14
- step,
10(1)2,
10(1)4,
12(3)18,
12(3)19,
12(4)22,
13(1)10,
13(4)40,
14(3)26,
14(3)27,
15(4)18,
16(1)4
- stream,
6(2)258,
7(2)319,
10(4)4,
12(3)16,
13(3)28,
14(1)5,
14(3)26,
15(4)17,
17(4)16,
18(1)4
- successfully,
10(1)4,
10(3)11,
12(3)14
- take,
2(4)416,
10(4)1,
12(3)17,
12(3)19,
12(4)22,
13(3)20,
16(2)5,
16(3)9,
16(4)15,
17(3)10,
18(1)4,
18(2)5,
18(4)12
- technology,
4(2)103,
8(4)349,
10(1)1,
11(1)2,
11(4)19,
17(1)3,
17(2)5,
17(3)11,
18(2)5
- two,
1(1)26,
2(4)416,
9(4)391,
10(1)4,
10(2)6,
10(2)8,
10(3)10,
10(4)4,
11(2)1,
11(2)4,
11(2)6,
11(3)13,
11(4)22,
12(1)2,
12(1)3,
12(1)4,
12(1)6,
12(3)14,
12(4)20,
13(3)22,
13(3)27,
13(4)40,
14(1)4,
14(1)5,
14(4)30,
15(1)2,
15(1)5,
15(2)6,
15(3)11,
15(3)12,
16(1)1,
16(1)2,
16(1)4,
16(3)9,
16(4)15,
17(4)13,
18(2)5,
18(4)12,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- unknown,
4(3)275,
10(4)3,
11(3)16,
14(1)13
- used,
1(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(4)416,
7(2)319,
9(2)181,
10(1)2,
10(2)5,
10(2)7,
10(2)8,
10(4)2,
11(1)2,
11(1)3,
11(2)3,
11(3)14,
11(3)15,
11(3)16,
11(4)21,
11(4)22,
12(2)8,
12(3)15,
13(1)10,
13(3)22,
13(3)25,
13(4)29,
13(4)34,
14(1)3,
14(1)12,
14(1)13,
14(3)27,
15(1)3,
15(1)5,
15(3)12,
15(4)17,
15(4)18,
16(2)7,
16(2)8,
17(1)1,
17(2)7,
17(3)9,
17(4)13,
18(1)3,
18(2)5,
18(2)6,
18(3)9,
18(4)13,
18(4)14
- using,
2(2)138,
2(2)177,
2(3)332,
4(3)289,
6(2)258,
6(3)327,
9(2)113,
9(2)162,
9(2)181,
9(3)292,
9(3)325,
9(4)461,
10(1)4,
10(2)8,
10(3)11,
10(4)3,
10(4)6,
11(1)2,
11(2)1,
11(2)2,
11(2)3,
11(3)14,
11(4)19,
11(4)21,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
13(1)2,
13(1)8,
13(3)20,
13(3)26,
13(4)31,
13(4)35,
13(4)39,
14(1)3,
14(1)12,
14(1)14,
14(3)27,
15(1)2,
15(3)11,
15(3)12,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(1)1,
16(1)2,
16(1)4,
16(2)5,
16(2)6,
16(4)17,
17(1)1,
17(2)5,
17(3)10,
17(3)11,
17(4)13,
17(4)14,
17(4)16,
18(2)7,
18(2)8,
18(3)10,
18(3)11,
18(4)14
- was,
2(1)105,
11(1)2,
12(3)16,
13(1)10,
14(1)8,
16(3)11,
16(4)16,
17(1)1,
18(1)3,
18(4)13
- way,
2(1)3,
2(1)65,
2(3)230,
2(3)269,
2(4)416,
9(4)461,
10(4)3,
10(4)4,
11(1)2,
11(3)13,
12(1)5,
12(2)8,
12(2)11,
12(3)14,
13(1)10,
13(3)22,
13(3)28,
13(4)34,
15(2)10,
15(4)15,
16(3)11,
16(4)17,
17(2)6
- were,
2(1)34,
2(1)105,
10(1)4,
12(3)14,
13(3)25,
13(4)38,
15(3)12,
16(2)8,
16(3)9,
18(3)9
- work,
2(2)138,
2(3)269,
2(4)416,
10(3)10,
10(4)6,
11(2)2,
11(2)3,
11(3)15,
11(4)17,
11(4)19,
12(2)10,
12(2)11,
12(2)12,
12(3)16,
12(3)17,
12(3)18,
13(3)25,
13(4)38,
14(1)2,
14(1)14,
15(2)7,
15(2)10,
15(3)12,
15(4)15,
15(4)17,
16(1)3,
16(1)4,
16(2)8,
16(3)11,
16(4)13,
16(4)15,
17(3)12,
18(2)6,
18(4)13
- world,
14(1)4,
14(3)24,
16(3)9,
17(4)16