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BibTeX entry
@Article{Leither:1978:WJC,
author = "Henry E. Leither and Harry R. Lewis",
title = "Why johny can't program: a progress report",
journal = j-SIGCSE,
volume = "10",
number = "1",
pages = "266--276",
month = feb,
year = "1978",
CODEN = "SIGSD3",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1145/990654.990640",
ISSN = "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0097-8418",
bibdate = "Sun Nov 18 07:38:04 MST 2012",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1970.bib",
note = "Papers of the SIGCSE\slash CSA Technical Symposium on
Computer Science Education.",
abstract = "We are engaged in teaching technical material,
specifically computer science, to a large number of
undergraduates (400--500), the majority of whom are
non-science majors. Many of these students have trouble
learning the course material. We are not here talking
about those few students who are affected by such
problems as physical handicaps or other specific
learning disabilities; non are we concerned with those
individuals who exhibit poor study habits or strong
preferences for unusual ``favored modes of perception''
[WEIN]. We are concerned with the significant number of
students who, for no apparent reason, have a great deal
of difficuly learning elementary computer concepts. Why
do some never understand? Why do others, who eventually
succeed, take a great deal longer than the majority of
our students?This paper is a report on research in
progress. Our research at this time is mainly concerned
with:(a) Determining, in advance, which students are
likely to encounter the severest problems learning
computer science;(b) Finding out what there is
specifically in the nature of the course material which
causes the greatest difficulty for these students; and
(c) Developing a methodology for helping students to
overcome such learning problems. This paper is
organized into 6 major sections. Section I is an
introduction to the Natural Sciences 110 course, to the
programming language used in this course, and to the
major teaching problems we face. Section II is a
statement of our goals in this research effort. Section
III describes the method by which we are attempting to
realize our intended goals. Section IV describes the
special recitation sections which are being used to
help us monitor the potentially ``slower'' students.
Section V deals with classifying the specific
conceptual barriers which we have thus far found to
inhibit normal learning in many computer science
students. Section VI is 2 statement of the direction
which our research will follow in the immediate
future.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
Computer Science Education)",
journal-URL = "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}
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11(1)140,
11(1)155,
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11(2)23,
11(2)52
- majority,
3(4)24,
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5(1)177,
6(1)184,
11(1)182
- material,
2(3)118,
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10(3)1,
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10(3)108,
11(1)2,
11(1)28,
11(1)37,
11(1)79,
11(1)82,
11(1)232,
11(2)23
- method,
5(1)1,
5(1)6,
5(1)51,
5(1)83,
6(1)37,
6(1)47,
6(1)48,
6(1)97,
6(1)101,
6(1)184,
6(4)21,
7(1)31,
7(1)83,
7(1)129,
7(1)172,
7(2)87,
8(1)1,
8(1)49,
8(1)84,
8(1)179,
8(1)189,
8(1)200,
8(1)212,
8(1)266,
8(3)30,
8(3)108,
8(4)15,
9(1)168,
9(3)10,
9(3)28,
9(3)39,
9(3)51,
9(3)59,
9(3)66,
9(3)74,
10(1)33,
10(1)86,
10(1)178,
10(1)189,
10(1)224,
10(3)8,
10(3)27,
10(4)30,
11(1)41,
11(1)89,
11(1)127,
11(1)162,
11(1)247,
11(2)23
- methodology,
4(1)75,
6(1)37,
6(4)26,
7(1)40,
7(1)79,
7(1)83,
7(1)95,
8(1)49,
9(1)22,
9(1)63,
9(1)123,
9(1)133,
9(1)139,
9(1)157,
9(3)66,
10(1)97,
10(3)50,
10(3)131,
11(1)18,
11(1)41,
11(1)54,
11(1)195
- mode,
2(3)118,
6(1)6,
7(1)129,
8(1)96,
8(1)325,
9(1)31,
9(1)37,
9(3)16,
11(1)228,
11(1)247
- monitor,
6(1)64,
7(1)31,
8(1)96,
8(1)268,
8(3)57,
10(3)23,
10(3)63
- natural,
3(4)24,
5(1)32,
5(1)51,
6(1)47,
6(1)81,
8(1)280,
8(1)342,
8(3)4,
8(3)26,
8(4)6
- nature,
7(1)123,
8(1)192,
8(1)289,
8(1)325,
8(2)45,
9(1)119,
9(3)30,
10(1)32,
10(1)34,
10(3)13,
10(3)16,
10(3)80,
11(1)6,
11(1)76,
11(1)202,
11(1)228
- never,
6(1)90
- non,
9(3)30
- normal,
8(1)11,
8(1)74,
10(1)34
- number,
2(3)118,
3(4)24,
5(1)157,
6(1)6,
6(1)97,
6(1)161,
6(1)169,
6(1)174,
6(1)184,
6(2)45,
7(1)86,
7(1)109,
7(1)124,
7(1)157,
7(1)172,
7(2)84,
7(4)19,
8(1)144,
8(1)192,
8(1)253,
8(1)275,
8(1)289,
8(1)295,
8(1)298,
8(1)382,
8(2)45,
8(3)2,
8(3)26,
8(3)48,
8(3)54,
8(3)57,
8(3)67,
8(3)129,
9(1)6,
9(1)88,
9(1)139,
9(1)151,
9(1)175,
9(1)178,
9(3)16,
9(3)28,
9(3)59,
9(3)66,
10(1)179,
10(3)45,
10(3)80,
10(4)66,
11(1)18,
11(1)162,
11(1)168,
11(1)187,
11(1)202,
11(1)215,
11(1)245,
11(2)23,
11(2)40,
11(2)52,
11(3)9
- organized,
4(1)8,
5(1)173,
6(1)106,
7(1)114,
8(1)113,
8(3)143,
9(1)73
- overcome,
4(3)8,
5(1)173,
6(1)184,
7(3)77
- physical,
5(1)24,
5(1)83,
5(1)177,
6(1)46,
7(1)123,
8(3)125,
9(1)145,
9(3)30,
10(3)84
- poor,
10(1)97
- potentially,
9(1)175,
9(3)56
- preferences,
8(1)74
- progress,
5(1)26,
5(2)33,
6(1)6,
6(1)46,
6(1)97,
6(1)169,
6(1)184,
8(1)24,
8(1)95,
8(1)96,
8(1)324,
8(3)4,
8(3)57,
10(3)63,
10(3)77,
11(1)141,
11(1)247
- realize,
8(1)35,
10(1)34,
10(3)50
- reason,
5(1)45,
5(1)119,
8(1)260,
8(1)268,
8(3)115,
9(1)100,
9(1)154,
9(1)162,
9(1)175,
10(1)70,
10(3)120,
10(4)20,
11(1)49,
11(1)168,
11(1)192,
11(2)23,
11(2)40
- report,
0(0)0,
2(4)41,
3(2)8,
3(3)15,
4(1)8,
5(1)2,
5(1)21,
5(1)60,
5(1)70,
5(1)86,
5(1)106,
5(1)153,
6(1)64,
6(2)24,
6(3)79,
7(1)65,
7(2)33,
7(3)12,
7(3)13,
7(4)53,
8(1)90,
8(1)95,
8(1)104,
8(1)253,
8(1)266,
8(1)267,
8(1)324,
8(3)2,
8(3)12,
8(3)93,
9(1)22,
9(1)77,
9(2)1,
9(3)63,
9(4)7,
10(1)35,
10(1)210,
10(2)8,
10(2)42,
10(3)77,
10(3)140,
10(4)30,
11(1)22,
11(1)37,
11(1)82,
11(1)131,
11(1)141,
11(1)187,
11(1)207,
11(1)245,
11(1)247
- research,
5(1)1,
5(1)15,
5(1)121,
5(1)145,
5(2)33,
6(1)46,
6(1)161,
7(1)7,
7(1)56,
7(1)129,
7(1)157,
7(4)53,
8(1)84,
8(2)11,
8(3)1,
9(3)1,
10(1)32,
10(1)85,
11(1)18,
11(1)61,
11(1)174,
11(2)52
- section,
2(3)118,
3(1)12,
4(1)8,
5(1)24,
6(1)11,
6(1)97,
8(1)11,
8(1)200,
8(1)359,
8(3)67,
9(1)108,
9(1)139,
9(3)63,
10(1)179,
10(3)108
- SIGCSEash,
10(1)1,
10(1)7,
10(1)16,
10(1)19,
10(1)22,
10(1)24,
10(1)27,
10(1)31,
10(1)32,
10(1)33,
10(1)34,
10(1)35,
10(1)36,
10(1)37,
10(1)41,
10(1)48,
10(1)53,
10(1)59,
10(1)65,
10(1)70,
10(1)74,
10(1)79,
10(1)80,
10(1)81,
10(1)85,
10(1)86,
10(1)87,
10(1)92,
10(1)96,
10(1)97,
10(1)98,
10(1)99,
10(1)107,
10(1)115,
10(1)119,
10(1)125,
10(1)128,
10(1)132,
10(1)137,
10(1)149,
10(1)153,
10(1)157,
10(1)160,
10(1)171,
10(1)177,
10(1)178,
10(1)179,
10(1)180,
10(1)183,
10(1)189,
10(1)193,
10(1)197,
10(1)203,
10(1)206,
10(1)210,
10(1)213,
10(1)217,
10(1)224,
10(1)229,
10(1)232,
10(1)239,
10(1)243,
10(1)255,
10(1)260,
10(1)277,
10(1)282,
10(1)286,
10(1)291,
10(2)8
- significant,
3(4)24,
4(2)10,
5(1)21,
5(1)121,
5(1)134,
5(1)177,
7(1)76,
7(1)79,
7(2)87,
8(1)24,
8(1)74,
8(1)144,
8(1)304,
8(3)1,
8(3)12,
8(4)26,
9(1)123,
10(1)86,
10(1)97,
10(1)193,
10(3)67,
11(1)87,
11(2)27
- slower,
5(1)181
- special,
2(4)41,
5(1)6,
5(1)18,
5(1)173,
7(2)67,
7(3)12,
8(1)267,
9(1)1,
9(1)6,
9(1)13,
9(1)22,
9(1)26,
9(1)31,
9(1)37,
9(1)53,
9(1)59,
9(1)63,
9(1)69,
9(1)73,
9(1)77,
9(1)85,
9(1)88,
9(1)93,
9(1)96,
9(1)100,
9(1)104,
9(1)108,
9(1)113,
9(1)119,
9(1)123,
9(1)129,
9(1)133,
9(1)139,
9(1)142,
9(1)145,
9(1)151,
9(1)154,
9(1)157,
9(1)162,
9(1)165,
9(1)168,
9(1)173,
9(1)175,
9(1)178,
9(1)180,
9(1)184,
9(2)1,
9(3)1,
9(3)6,
9(3)10,
9(3)16,
9(3)21,
9(3)28,
9(3)30,
9(3)34,
9(3)39,
9(3)43,
9(3)49,
9(3)51,
9(3)56,
9(3)59,
9(3)63,
9(3)66,
9(3)74,
9(3)79,
10(1)99,
10(3)80,
10(3)126,
10(4)24,
11(1)131
- specific,
2(4)30,
2(4)41,
5(1)38,
7(4)19,
8(1)86,
8(1)90,
8(1)253,
8(1)266,
8(1)335,
8(3)12,
8(3)115,
8(3)129,
8(3)184,
9(1)6,
9(1)69,
9(1)133,
9(2)17,
10(1)32,
10(1)92,
10(1)180,
10(1)282,
10(3)38,
10(3)63,
11(1)202
- specifically,
2(4)41,
5(1)60,
8(1)39,
8(1)289,
9(2)17,
10(1)119,
10(1)189,
10(3)67,
11(1)6
- statement,
3(4)24,
5(1)132,
5(1)153,
6(3)106,
7(1)196,
7(1)200,
7(3)38,
8(1)11,
8(1)268,
8(2)45,
8(3)48,
9(1)37,
9(1)123,
9(3)51,
10(1)16
- strong,
7(1)11,
8(3)26,
10(1)178,
10(3)8,
10(3)120,
11(1)75,
11(1)215
- study,
3(1)21,
3(2)25,
4(1)75,
4(1)110,
4(1)127,
4(1)141,
4(3)18,
5(1)56,
5(1)153,
5(2)33,
6(1)33,
6(1)53,
6(1)97,
6(1)111,
6(1)148,
6(1)161,
6(3)91,
6(4)21,
7(1)20,
7(1)65,
7(1)129,
8(1)17,
8(1)35,
8(1)62,
8(1)86,
8(1)104,
8(1)200,
8(1)275,
8(1)289,
8(1)307,
8(3)5,
8(3)12,
8(3)54,
9(1)151,
9(3)16,
9(3)51,
9(3)56,
9(4)45,
10(1)31,
10(1)119,
10(1)232,
10(3)100,
10(3)140,
11(1)10,
11(1)18,
11(1)22,
11(1)41,
11(1)61,
11(1)70,
11(1)113,
11(1)144,
11(1)162,
11(1)195,
11(1)202
- take,
2(4)30,
5(1)6,
5(1)15,
5(1)45,
5(1)119,
6(1)184,
7(1)51,
8(1)11,
8(1)260,
8(1)275,
8(3)54,
9(1)133,
9(1)151,
9(3)66,
10(3)93,
11(1)182,
11(1)215,
11(1)232
- than,
3(4)24,
4(2)10,
5(1)1,
5(1)21,
5(1)32,
5(1)41,
5(1)132,
5(1)145,
5(1)149,
6(1)6,
6(1)21,
6(1)47,
6(1)81,
6(1)90,
6(1)121,
6(1)165,
7(1)123,
7(1)191,
7(1)200,
7(1)206,
7(2)84,
8(1)11,
8(1)17,
8(1)49,
8(1)100,
8(1)280,
8(1)366,
8(3)22,
8(3)54,
8(3)135,
9(1)113,
9(1)123,
9(1)151,
9(3)6,
9(3)10,
9(3)16,
9(3)51,
9(3)56,
9(3)59,
10(1)7,
10(1)27,
10(1)86,
10(1)97,
10(1)180,
10(3)84,
10(3)108,
10(3)156,
11(1)23,
11(1)61,
11(1)82,
11(1)144,
11(1)182
- there,
2(3)61,
2(4)41,
3(4)24,
4(2)10,
5(1)18,
5(1)24,
5(1)26,
5(1)70,
5(1)115,
5(1)134,
5(1)145,
5(1)166,
5(2)33,
6(1)28,
6(1)40,
6(1)116,
6(1)125,
7(1)7,
7(1)79,
7(1)133,
7(1)143,
7(2)21,
7(4)19,
8(1)35,
8(1)74,
8(1)137,
8(1)212,
8(1)253,
8(1)284,
8(1)298,
8(1)313,
8(1)382,
8(3)22,
8(3)26,
8(3)67,
8(3)78,
8(3)95,
8(3)102,
8(4)26,
9(1)59,
9(1)100,
9(1)151,
9(1)168,
9(1)184,
9(3)16,
9(3)51,
9(3)59,
9(3)74,
10(1)36,
10(1)119,
10(1)177,
10(1)183,
10(1)260,
10(3)45,
10(3)80,
10(3)120,
10(3)126,
10(3)151,
11(1)23,
11(1)61,
11(1)140,
11(1)167,
11(1)187,
11(1)202,
11(1)215,
11(2)40
- thus,
3(4)24,
4(2)10,
5(1)45,
5(1)51,
5(1)153,
5(1)177,
5(2)33,
6(1)74,
7(1)31,
7(1)200,
8(1)289,
8(1)389,
9(1)100,
10(1)7,
10(1)80,
10(1)178,
10(3)27,
10(3)67,
11(1)141,
11(1)167
- time,
2(3)118,
2(4)41,
3(4)24,
4(1)160,
4(2)10,
5(1)48,
5(1)83,
5(1)97,
5(1)115,
6(1)11,
6(1)15,
6(1)21,
6(1)33,
6(1)40,
6(1)46,
6(1)74,
6(1)174,
6(1)184,
7(1)7,
7(1)95,
7(1)120,
7(1)187,
7(2)87,
7(4)25,
8(1)11,
8(1)24,
8(1)74,
8(1)96,
8(1)150,
8(1)174,
8(1)192,
8(1)223,
8(1)260,
8(1)268,
8(1)275,
8(1)289,
8(1)298,
8(1)371,
8(3)54,
8(3)61,
8(3)129,
9(1)31,
9(1)96,
9(1)100,
9(3)1,
9(3)6,
9(3)16,
9(3)43,
9(3)56,
9(3)79,
10(1)31,
10(1)80,
10(1)97,
10(1)119,
10(1)179,
10(1)291,
10(2)63,
10(3)23,
10(3)35,
10(3)63,
10(3)84,
11(1)49,
11(1)70,
11(1)75,
11(1)79,
11(1)82,
11(1)140,
11(1)144,
11(1)155,
11(1)167,
11(1)168,
11(1)236,
11(1)245,
11(2)23
- trouble,
3(4)24
- understand,
3(4)24,
6(1)90,
7(1)123,
8(1)268,
8(1)280,
8(1)335,
8(4)6,
9(1)100,
9(1)133,
11(1)2,
11(1)49
- unusual,
4(1)160,
8(1)96,
9(3)63
- what,
2(4)41,
3(4)24,
5(1)6,
5(1)21,
5(1)68,
5(1)177,
6(1)6,
6(1)40,
6(1)46,
6(1)79,
6(1)81,
6(1)125,
6(1)165,
6(1)169,
7(1)7,
7(1)15,
7(1)95,
7(1)109,
7(3)30,
8(1)69,
8(1)79,
8(1)86,
8(1)104,
8(1)137,
8(1)236,
8(1)268,
8(1)304,
8(1)307,
8(1)313,
8(1)335,
9(1)6,
9(1)100,
9(1)119,
9(1)123,
9(1)165,
9(1)168,
9(3)30,
9(3)39,
10(1)31,
10(1)36,
10(1)70,
10(1)96,
10(1)97,
10(1)178,
10(3)13,
10(3)27,
10(3)67,
10(3)131,
10(3)136,
10(4)42,
11(1)6,
11(1)49,
11(1)140,
11(1)167,
11(1)168,
11(1)195
- who,
3(4)24,
5(1)21,
5(1)106,
5(1)134,
5(1)138,
5(2)33,
6(1)21,
6(1)37,
6(1)47,
6(1)165,
6(3)91,
7(1)7,
7(1)123,
7(1)187,
7(3)30,
8(1)11,
8(1)86,
8(1)304,
8(1)371,
8(3)80,
8(3)94,
8(3)129,
8(4)26,
9(1)6,
9(1)31,
9(1)59,
9(1)100,
9(1)184,
9(2)17,
9(3)1,
9(3)10,
9(3)16,
9(3)30,
10(1)80,
10(1)179,
10(1)224,
10(3)23,
10(3)31,
10(3)151,
10(3)156,
11(1)6,
11(1)23,
11(1)41,
11(1)49,
11(1)87,
11(1)105,
11(1)140,
11(1)182,
11(1)202,
11(1)215,
11(1)245
- why,
5(1)24,
7(1)95,
8(1)260,
8(2)11,
8(3)22