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BibTeX entry
@Article{Calloni:1994:IPB,
author = "Ben A. Calloni and Donald J. Bagert",
title = "{ICONIC} programming in {BACCII} vs. textual
programming: which is a better learning environment?",
journal = j-SIGCSE,
volume = "26",
number = "1",
pages = "188--192",
month = mar,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "SIGSD3",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191103",
ISSN = "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0097-8418",
bibdate = "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
bibsource = "http://portal.acm.org/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
abstract = "This paper presents the empirical testing results on
students' learning in the CS1 PASCAL programming
course. This research is the continuation of a project
begun in 1990. In 1991, creation of a prototype Windows
based application for Personal Computers reached
completion. That system, called BACCII, is used to
teach beginning procedural programming. All but the
most basic operations are accomplished using icons.
When the algorithm is complete, the student can
generate syntactically correct source code for PASCAL,
C, FORTRAN, or BASIC. The system was evaluated with 126
college students in the Spring 1993 semester, randomly
assigned to laboratory sections. Fifty-two used BACCII
and VAX with the remaining 74 using VAX PASCAL alone.
The results showed significant improvement in academic
scores (and presumably learning) for the BACCII control
group.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
Computer Science Education)",
journal-URL = "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}
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22(1)121,
23(2)9,
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24(1)181,
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26(4)9,
27(1)350,
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30(1)322,
30(1)366,
30(3)69,
30(3)98,
30(3)175,
31(1)286,
31(3)79,
31(3)182
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27(1)186
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23(2)45,
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26(1)329,
27(1)253,
28(1)83,
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28(3)45,
28(4)36,
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30(1)370,
31(1)127
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24(1)81,
24(1)246,
24(2)7,
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27(1)204,
27(1)312,
27(3)39,
27(4)54,
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29(1)179,
29(1)340,
29(3)120,
30(1)126,
31(1)261,
31(3)29,
31(3)135,
31(3)206
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22(2)30,
23(2)24,
24(1)87,
24(1)176,
24(3)1,
24(4)1,
24(4)43,
27(1)48,
28(1)165,
28(1)195,
28(4)15,
29(1)209,
29(1)214,
29(1)262,
30(1)87,
30(1)97,
31(1)286,
31(2)31,
31(2)65,
31(3)127,
31(3)135
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22(4)55,
24(1)5,
24(3)51,
24(3)60,
25(4)13,
26(1)31,
26(1)41,
26(1)80,
27(1)186,
27(1)223,
28(1)53,
28(1)73,
28(1)310,
28(3)23,
28(4)25,
29(1)116,
29(1)145,
29(1)209,
29(1)214,
29(1)233,
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29(1)330,
29(3)117,
30(1)68,
30(1)232,
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30(3)223,
31(1)150,
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31(1)326,
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24(3)14,
24(3)51,
26(1)66,
26(1)80,
26(1)304,
28(1)37,
28(1)373,
29(2)17,
29(2)54,
29(3)80,
30(3)108,
31(3)64
- significant,
22(2)30,
22(4)29,
23(3)20,
24(1)81,
24(2)59,
25(1)78,
26(1)80,
26(1)102,
26(3)56,
27(1)48,
27(1)263,
27(1)317,
27(1)350,
28(1)78,
28(1)363,
28(2)3,
29(1)63,
29(1)135,
29(1)306,
29(2)35,
29(3)1,
29(3)100,
29(3)120,
30(1)82,
30(1)282,
30(1)287,
30(1)312,
30(2)53,
30(3)51,
30(3)213,
30(3)219,
30(3)236,
30(3)243,
30(3)275,
31(1)110,
31(3)1,
31(3)64
- source,
22(1)263,
22(3)34,
23(3)2,
23(4)51,
24(1)192,
24(1)207,
25(2)51,
26(1)76,
26(1)339,
26(3)37,
27(1)141,
27(1)146,
27(1)163,
27(2)25,
28(2)21,
29(1)20,
29(1)253,
29(3)100,
30(1)190,
30(3)37,
30(3)41,
30(3)175,
30(3)213,
30(4)59,
31(1)17,
31(1)48,
31(1)63,
31(1)247,
31(1)301,
31(3)91,
31(3)143,
31(3)163,
31(3)187,
31(3)196
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22(4)55,
26(1)80,
27(3)34,
29(1)330,
29(3)117,
30(2)64,
31(1)114,
31(2)81
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23(2)51
- teach,
22(3)34,
22(4)37,
23(4)31,
24(1)92,
24(1)207,
24(1)304,
24(3)57,
25(2)31,
25(3)58,
26(1)26,
26(1)66,
26(1)106,
26(1)253,
26(1)286,
26(1)290,
26(1)309,
26(1)324,
26(3)29,
26(4)17,
27(1)48,
27(1)178,
27(1)195,
27(1)287,
27(1)345,
27(1)355,
27(1)370,
27(2)7,
28(1)24,
28(1)78,
28(1)190,
28(1)242,
28(1)348,
28(2)25,
28(4)3,
28(z)8,
28(z)42,
28(z)125,
28(z)165,
29(1)1,
29(1)77,
29(1)154,
29(1)169,
29(1)174,
29(1)224,
29(1)262,
29(1)330,
29(3)57,
29(3)71,
29(3)88,
29(3)91,
29(4)45,
30(1)107,
30(1)117,
30(1)176,
30(1)282,
30(1)341,
30(1)350,
30(1)365,
30(2)36,
30(3)51,
30(3)171,
31(1)43,
31(1)68,
31(1)87,
31(1)136,
31(1)179,
31(1)232,
31(2)78,
31(2)84,
31(3)21,
31(3)40,
31(3)99,
31(3)155,
31(4)13,
31(4)48
- testing,
24(4)11,
24(4)49,
25(1)53,
26(1)92,
26(1)111,
26(1)405,
26(3)37,
26(3)56,
27(1)228,
27(3)47,
28(1)125,
28(1)353,
28(z)119,
29(1)77,
29(1)194,
29(2)7,
29(3)71,
30(1)53,
30(1)140,
30(3)134,
30(3)310,
31(1)276,
31(1)286,
31(1)311,
31(1)316,
31(2)48,
31(3)25
- textual,
24(4)49,
29(3)111,
30(3)37,
30(3)206,
31(1)100,
31(3)127,
31(3)196
- v,
22(1)216,
24(4)15,
26(1)80,
27(1)218,
28(1)378,
28(3)26
- VAX,
24(1)259
- when,
23(3)5,
24(1)67,
24(1)173,
24(1)299,
24(3)35,
24(3)45,
24(3)53,
24(4)7,
25(2)57,
25(2)59,
25(3)39,
25(3)45,
25(4)41,
27(1)66,
27(1)146,
27(1)278,
27(1)360,
27(2)18,
27(4)13,
28(1)180,
28(1)185,
28(1)217,
29(1)131,
29(1)169,
29(1)229,
29(1)258,
29(1)282,
29(1)306,
29(1)315,
29(3)80,
29(4)54,
30(1)6,
30(1)20,
30(1)145,
30(1)227,
30(1)267,
30(1)292,
30(1)302,
30(1)365,
30(1)383,
30(3)125,
30(3)157,
30(3)181,
30(3)268,
30(3)271,
31(1)27,
31(1)78,
31(1)110,
31(1)127,
31(1)136,
31(1)174,
31(1)346,
31(2)31,
31(2)69,
31(2)73,
31(3)9,
31(3)40,
31(3)52,
31(3)155,
31(3)180,
31(3)192,
31(4)42,
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26(1)198,
27(1)243,
28(1)145,
29(1)126,
30(1)145,
30(4)46,
31(1)232,
31(2)65,
31(3)103